题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
To improve the design of______and then make work easier, Dr. Tichauer____the old tools. He asks such questions as: why ____a stepladder have four legs____three are more stable? Why dose a screwdriver (螺丝刀) have to be made with straight handles? After testing his____, he has invented a new tool that causes less muscle injury and is more efficient.
Tichauer is not interested in getting ____ from his inventions. In fact, he says, "We _____ people to steal from us. At New York University, we do not patent(注册专利）knowledge or invention."__ __companies have adopted some of his inventions.
As a biochemist, as well as inventor, Dr Techauer____the effect of stress on areas of the body. Even easy______work may put heavy stress on small areas of body and____causes a serious disease. Thus his studies of workers in factories who use the____tool all day long are extremely____in learning about the damage on human body? Dr. Techauer knows that he can not redesign the ____ so he redesigns the tool!
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:A
小题6:D
小题7:B
小题8:A
小题9:D
小题10:C
小题11:B
小题12:D
小题13:A
小题14:C
小题15:B
小题16:A
小题17:A
小题18:B
小题19:B
小题20:D
解析
试题分析：文章介绍Dr. Erwin Tichauer为了使工具更加好用，对人体的伤害更少，经过研究实验设计出对人体伤害较少的工具，而且他并不指望这些发明盈利，而是希望更多的人使用他的工具，公司也能利用他的发明。
小题1:考查名词辨析：A. argument争论，B. impression印象，C. statement 陈述，D. expectation期待，从上文的:"Efficiency is the by-product of comfort," says Dr. Erwin Tichauer可知是为了证明这个说法,选C
小题2:考查形容词辨析：A. unusual不寻常的，B. easier容易的，C. new新的，D. correct正确的，从下文可知他是为了找到更好的做事情的方法,选B
小题3:考查副词辨析：A. Especially特别的，B. What"s more还有，C. Meanwhile同时，D. For example例如，从下文:he felt that the traditional kind of pliers(钳子）______a better design.可知是举例,选D
小题4:考查动词辨析：A. followed跟随，B. showed 展示，C. needed 需要，D. proved证明，他感觉传统的钳子需要更好的设计,选C
小题5:考查名词辨析：A. design设计，B. habits习惯，C. materials 材料，D. work工作，从上文的:he felt that the traditional kind of pliers(钳子）______a better design.可知传统的设计限制了手的活动，选A
小题6:考查名词辨析：A. body身体，B. finger手指，C. hand手，D. wrist手腕，从下文的：So he designed a pair of pliers to allow the wrist to remain in a comfortable position.可知传统的钳子需要转动手腕，选D。
小题7:考查名词辨析：A. pliers钳子，老虎钳，B. a tool工具，C. a stepladder梯子，D. screwdrivers螺丝刀，从上文可知为了改善工具的设计使它们工作起来更容易。选B
小题8:考查名词辨析：A. tests检测，B. uses使用，C. fixes安装，D. destroys破坏，从下文的：After testing his____, he has invented a new tool that causes less muscle injury and is more efficient. 可知他检测了旧的工具，选A
小题9:考查情态动词辨析：A. could能够，B. will将会， C. would 过去常常，D. must必须，为什么梯子要有四条腿，选D
小题10:考查连词辨析：A. if 如果，B. because因为，C. when当…时候。D. once一旦，既然三条已经很稳了，为什么还要四条腿？选C
小题11:考查名词辨析： A. inventions发明，B. theories理论，C. tools 工具，D. questions问题，在检测了他的理论后，他发明了一种新的工具可以减少肌肉受伤并更加有效。选B
小题12:考查形容词辨析：A. recognized认可的，B. famous著名的，C. excited 兴奋的，D. rich富有的，从下文可知Tichauer对通过发明变得富有不感兴趣，选D
小题13:考查动词辨析：A. encourage鼓励，B. prevent阻止，C. warn警告，D. forgive原谅，我们鼓励人们向我们偷学，选A
小题14:考查形容词辨析：A. Modern现代的，B. Research调查，C. Commercial商业的，D. Industrial工业的，从下文的：At New York University, we do not patent(注册专利）knowledge or invention.可知商业公司采纳了他的一些发明。选 C
小题15:考查动词辨析：A. teaches教，B. studies学习，C. produces生产，D. discovers发现，Dr Techauer研究了压力对身体的影响，选B
小题16:考查形容词辨析：A. physical物理的，身体的，B. daily每日的，C. office办公室，D. research 研究，甚至容易的体力劳动都会对身体很小的部位造成压力，选A
小题17:考查词组辨析：A. in time及时，迟早，B. in addition 增加，C. immediately立刻，D. commonly通常地，一般地，迟早会导致严重的疾病，选A
小题18:考查形容词辨析：A. wrong错误的，B. old 旧的，C. same同样的，D. heavy重的，他对工厂使用旧工具的工人的研究对了解对人的身体破坏是很有价值的。选B
小题19:考查形容词辨析：A. Suitable适合的，B. Valuable有价值的，C. Logical合乎逻辑的，D. practical他对工厂使用旧工具的工人的研究对了解对人的身体破坏是很有价值的。选B
小题20:考查名词辨析：A. Work工作，B. Study学习，C. Labor劳动，D. Body身体，他说不能重新设计身体，所以他重新设计工具，选D
核心考点
试题【"Efficiency is the by-product of comfort," says Dr. Erwin Tichauer of New York U】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
She had many tactics for hiding her difficult—for example, never lingering near a phone at work, in case she had to answer it and might be required to write something down.
It has never occurred to the children that their mother cannot read. She doesn’t read them stories, but then their father doesn’t either, so they find nothing surprising in the fact. Similarly they just accept that Dad is the one who writes the sick notes and reads the school reports. Now that the elder boy Tom is quite a proficient reader, Brenda can skillfully get him to read any notes brought home from school simply by asking,“What’s that all about, then?”
Brenda’s husband never guessed the truth in ten years of marriage. For one thing, he insists on handling all domestic correspondence and bills himself. A salesman for a large company, he travels a great deal and so is not around so much to spot the truth. While he’s away Brenda cores with any situations by explaining that she cannot do anything until she’s discussed it with her husband.
Brenda was very successful in her job until recently. For the last five years she had worked as waitress at an expensive restaurant, and had eventually been promoted to head waitress. She kept the thing a secret there too, and got over the practical difficulties somehow.
小题1: Brenda’s children have never found out about her problem as__________.
| A．she isn’t often at home. |
| B．they are too young to guess the truth. |
| C．they find it normal to ask their father for everything. |
| D．they think it natural that short-sighted people like their mother don’t do much reading or writing. |
A. Her desire to be successful in her job.
B. Her fear of losing face.
C. Her deceitful nature.
D. Both A and B.
小题3:Of the following suggested titles, which is the most appropriate?
| A．Brenda and Her Family |
| B．A Woman Who Doesn’t Wear Glasses |
| C．A Woman with an Empty Spectacles Case |
| D．The Miserable Life of a Waitress |
Kevin Salwen was driving his 14-year-old daughter, Hannah, back from a sleepover in 2006 . While waiting at a traffic light, they saw a black Mercedes Coupe on one side and a homeless man begging for food on the other.
“Dad, if that man had a less nice car, that man there could have a meal.”Hannah protested. The light changed and they drove on, but Hannah was too young to be reasonable. She pestered （纠缠）her parents about inequity, insisting that she wanted to do something.
“What do you want to do?” her mom responded. “Sell our house?”
Warning! Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager. Hannah seized upon the idea of selling the luxurious family home and donating half the proceeds to charity, while using the other half to buy a more modest replacement home.
Eventually, that’s what the family did. The project —crazy, impetuous （鲁莽的） and utterly inspiring — is written down in detail in a book by father and daughter scheduled to be published next month: “The Power of Half.” It’s a book that, frankly, I’d be nervous about leaving around where my own teenage kids might find it. An impressionable child reads this, and the next thing you know your whole family is out on the street.
At a time of enormous needs in Haiti and elsewhere, when so many Americans are trying to help Haitians by sending everything from text messages to shoes, the Salwens offer an example of a family that came together to make a difference — for themselves as much as the people they were trying to help. In a column a week ago, it described neurological evidence from brain scans that unselfishness lights up parts of the brain normally associated with more primary satisfaction. The Salwens’ experience confirms the selfish pleasures of selflessness.
Mr. Salwen and his wife, Joan, had always assumed that their kids would be better off in a bigger house. But after they downsized, there was much less space to retreat to, so the family members spent more time around each other. A smaller house unexpectedly turned out to be a more family-friendly house.
小题1:The best title for the passage should be “______”.
| A．The Less, the Better |
| B．An Expected Satisfaction |
| C．Something We Can Live Without |
| D．Somewhat Crazy but Inspiring |
| A．Unfairness. | B．Satisfaction. |
| C．Personal attitude. | D．Reasonable statement. |
| A．Never give a quick answer to an idealistic teenager. |
| B．Unless a child is realistic, never give an answer immediately. |
| C．Give an answer if the child is reasonable. |
| D．Don’t respond to a child"s demands firmly without consideration. |
| A．The Salwens regretted selling their house. |
| B．The relationship between the family members of the Salwens is much closer. |
| C．Small houses can bring happiness. |
| D．The Salwens intend to buy another big house. |
| A．Mercedes Coupe is only an ordinary car which is quite cheap. |
| B．Unselfishness has nothing to do with people’s primary satisfaction. |
| C．Hannah asked her parents to do something charitable and they sold their house. |
| D．The writer’s children asked him to sell their house. |
It happened in February about twelve years ago. I had left school a couple of months before that and was not due to go to university until the following October. I was still living at home at the time.
One morning I was in Richmond, a suburb of London near where I lived. I was looking for a temporary job so that I could save up some money to go traveling. As it was a fine day and I was in no hurry, I was taking my time, looking in shop windows, strolling in the park, and sometimes just stopping and looking around me. It must have been this obvious aimlessness that led to my downfall.
It was about half past eleven when it happened. I was just walking out of the local library, having unsuccessfully sought employment there, when I saw a man walking across the road with the obvious intention of talking to me. I thought he was going to ask me the time. Instead, he said he was a police officer and he was arresting me. At first I thought it was some kind of joke.
But then another policeman appeared, this time in uniform, and I was left in no doubt.
“But what for?” I asked.
“Wandering with intent to commit an arrestable offence.” he said.
“What offence?” I asked.
“Theft.” he said.
“Theft of what?” I asked.
“Milk bottles,” he said, and with a perfectly straight face too!
“Oh,” I said.
It turned out there had been a lot of petty thefts in the area, particularly that of stealing milk bottles from doorsteps.
Then I made my big mistake. At the time I was nineteen, had long untidy hair, and regarded myself as part of the sixties’ “youth counterculture”. As a result, I wanted to appear cool and unconcerned with the incident, so I said, “How long have you been following me?” in the most casual and conversational tone I could manage. I thus appeared to them to be quite familiar with this sort of situation, and it confirmed them in their belief that I was a thoroughly disreputable （品行不端的）character.
A few minutes later a police car arrived.
“Get in the back,” they said. “Put your hands on the back of the front seat and don’t move them.”
They got in on either side of me. It wasn’t funny any more.
At the police station they questioned me for several hours. I continued to try to look worldly and familiar with the situation. When they asked me what I had been doing, I told them I’d been looking for a job. “Aha,” I could see them thinking, “unemployed”.
Eventually, I was officially charged and told to report to Richmond Magistrates’ Court the following Monday. Then they let me go.
I wanted to conduct my own defense in court, but as soon as my father found out what had happened, he hired a very good lawyer. We went along that Monday armed with all kinds of witnesses, including my English teacher from school as a character witness. But he was never called on to give evidence. My “trial” didn’t get that far. The magistrate （法官） dismissed the case after fifteen minutes. I was free. The poor police had never stood a chance. The lawyer even succeeded in getting costs awarded against the police.
And so I do not have a criminal record. But what was most shocking at the time was the things my release from the charge so clearly depended on. I had the “right” accent, respectable middle-class parents in court, reliable witnesses, and I could obviously afford a very good lawyer. Given the obscure nature of the charge, I feel sure that if I had come from a different background, and had really been unemployed, there is every chance that I would have been found guilty. While asking for costs to be awarded, my lawyer’s case quite obviously revolved （回转） around the fact that I had a “brilliant academic record”.
Meanwhile, just outside the courtroom, one of the policemen who had arrested me was gloomily complaining to my mother that another youngster had been turned against the police. “You could have been a bit more helpful when we arrested you,” he said to me reproachfully （责备地）.
What did he mean? Probably that I should have looked outraged and said something like, “Look here, do you know who you’re talking to? I am a highly successful student with a brilliant academic record. How dare you arrest me!” Then they, probably, would have apologized perhaps even taken off their caps, and let me on my way.
小题1:Judging from the first paragraph, the writer’s attitude towards his story is _______.
| A．angry | B．sad |
| C．amused | D．more than just one of the above |
| A．a uniformed policeman | B．a policeman in plainclothes |
| C．not a policeman | D．a good joker |
| A．the time for the trial was limited to fifteen minutes only |
| B．the author wanted to conduct his own defense in court |
| C．the case was dismissed before the trial reached that stage |
| D．he was found to be unqualified as a character witness |
| A．the magistrate had been less gentle |
| B．he had really been out of work |
| C．he had been born in a lower— class family |
| D．both B and C |
| A．he had protested strongly at the time |
| B．he had begged to be allowed to go home |
| C．he hadn’t wandered aimlessly |
| D．he had tried to look cool |
| A．has broken the law only once |
| B．has never broken the law |
| C．has broken the law on more than one occasion |
| D．once broke the law without knowing it |
However, bird flu is a completely different story.
Ten years ago, the H5N1 bird flu swept across 15 countries, including China, with sufferers reporting chest pain, difficulty breathing, fever and severe coughing. More than 600 people were infected, and about 60 percent died. Now another type of bird flu hit Shanghai and three neighboring provinces, and this time the virus is called H7N9. By the afternoon of April 11, the new virus had taken nine lives out of 35 infected, according to Xinhua News Agency.
The“H”and“N”in the virus’ name refers to two kinds of proteins on the surface of the virus. Any change of the numbers of the two proteins indicates a new mutation(变异). Most of the mutations only affect birds, such as chickens and pigeons, and don’t normally spread to humans. But once they do, the results can be disastrous.
“Any time an animal influenza virus crosses to humans, it is a cause for concern, ”Malik Peiris, virologist(病毒学家)at the University of Hong Kong, told Nature magazine. Take the SARS epidemic(传染病)10 years ago as an example. The virus behind the disease is thought to have jumped to humans from animals. The virus was a complete“stranger”to human bodies, which hadn’t developed an immunity against it.
But there is something more about the new H7N9 bird flu. Unlike the H5N1 bird flu, which causes severe sickness in birds, the H7N9 has been evolving under the radar(悄悄地)since it travels between birds without causing noticeable illness. That makes it difficult to keep track of the disease.
The good news is that there’s so far no sign that the virus is spreading from person to person. But since there is no vaccine for the disease yet, the World Health Organization recommends that you wash your hands after meeting with sick people and before and after you eat or prepare food, and they also suggest avoiding contact with birds or their eggs.
小题1:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
| A．The H5N1 bird flu turned out to have something to do with the SARS epidemic. |
| B．More than 600 people across the world died from the H5N1 bird flu ten years ago. |
| C．Most of the mutations of the proteins in the bird flu virus are harmful to both birds and humans. |
| D．The name, H7N9 bird flu, shows that there have been new mutations of the proteins in the virus. |
| A．introduce where the SARS virus came from |
| B．inform us of the harmful effects of the SARS epidemic ten years ago |
| C．show the horrible effects an animal influenza virus can have once it spreads to humans |
| D．compare the differences between the SARS epidemic and the H7N9 bird flu |
| A．It can cause severe sickness in birds. |
| B．It can spread from person to person. |
| C．It affects a greater number of birds. |
| D．It doesn’t sicken birds and thus can spread unnoticed. |
a. To get vaccinated for the disease.
b. To keep away from birds and their eggs.
c. To stop eating chickens and ducks.
d. To avoid meeting with sick people.
e. To wash hands thoroughly and regularly.
| A．a, b | B．c, d |
| C．b, e | D．a, e |
The movie was made by American artist Jonathon Keats. It consists of Italian skies recorded over two months and made into a six-minute-long movie. The film shows the clear dawn(黎明), high clouds, amazing dusk and then beautiful night. The movie has no sound and the plants, of course, do not applaud. But Stephen Squibb, a professor from Harvard University, said these plants could benefit from it—the light of the movie keeps them alive because they can continue the process of turning light into energy.
“I realized there was a much larger audience—plants—that were not being serviced, ”Keats said. “I wanted to provide plants with entertainment that companies such as Disney provide for humans. ”Meanwhile, Keats also wants to explore plants’ sensibilities(敏感性)further. He plans to open a“restaurant for plants”at a Californian museum.
One visitor, photographer Abbas Ebrahimi, admired(羡慕)the green audience, “Plants are better than us. We die and go, while in spring they come back each time. ”But when talking about the movie, he said after thinking for a few minutes, “It doesn’t mean anything to me at all. It’s just about light. For some people, it might mean something. ”
小题1:What can we learn about Keats according to the passage?
| A．He is an artist from Harvard University. |
| B．He opened a restaurant for plants. |
| C．He made the film Strange Skies. |
| D．He liked recording Italian skies. |
| A．has already created beautiful sound |
| B．was shot from dawn to dusk |
| C．made plants play roles in it |
| D．is the first travel film for plants |
| A．He thought it had explored plants’ sensibilities. |
| B．He thought it meant nothing to him. |
| C．He thought it could keep plants growing. |
| D．He thought it offered entertainment to plants. |
| A．Because they die and re-grow in spring. |
| B．Because they mean something to him. |
| C．Because there are more plants than people. |
| D．Because they can enjoy the movie. |
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