题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don’t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.
Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.
Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their boss may soon find they can’t get past the secretary.
To deal effectively with a boss, it’s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.
小题1:What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?
| A．Present problems. |
| B．Propose your solution. |
| C．Put yourself in the boss’s position. |
| D．Make the issue clear. |
| A．how he is feeling. |
| B．whether the boss had breakfast. |
| C．whether he is on deadline. |
| D．whether he had taken a vacation. |
| A．How to Propose Your Solution. |
| B．Never Give in to Your Boss. |
| C．How to Argue with Your Boss. |
| D．Learn to Understand Your Boss. |
| A．you don’t go into the boss’s office when you are angry |
| B．you can present the boss with a problem only. |
| C．when you offer advice to your boss, don’t think of the troubles he may have. |
| D．when you go into the boss’s office, keep your voice all the time. |
| A．what problems he has. |
| B．why you are mad. |
| C．what position you are in the company. |
| D．what you really want to talk to him about |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D
解析
小题1:考查主旨要义。根据文章第四段中的If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem可知，.本段的中心思想是，在提出问题时也要提出问题的解决办法。故选B。
小题2:考查细节理解。根据文章的第一段中的Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood.可知，要了解老板的心情。故选A。
小题3:考查文章的标题。
本文叙述了如何和你的老板讨论事情并给出了一些建议。故选C。小题4:考查推理判断。根据文章第二段中的If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first.可知，但你生气时，进老板的办公室和他谈话，只能使老板更加生气。所以选 A。
小题5:考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear.可知Ｄ正确。
【文章大意】本文叙述了如何和你的老板讨论事情，本文给出了一些建议，一是如果你在自己心情不好时不要去找老板理论那样会把事情弄得更糟。二是应该双方都应清楚对方想要说什么。三是在提出问题时也要提出问题的解决办法。四是从老板的位置看问题，设身处地，老板才会愿意帮助你。核心考点
试题【Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine hi】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
"Air pollution, and we"re talking about both indoors and outdoors, is now the biggest environmental health problem, and it is affecting everyone, both developed and developing countries," said Maria Neira, the World Health Organisation"s public and environmental health chief.
Globally, pollution was linked to one death in eight in 2012, new WHO research found.
The biggest pollution-related killers were heart disease, stroke, pulmonary disease and lung cancer.
The hardest-hit regions of the globe were what the WHO labels Southeast Asia, which includes India and Indonesia, and the Western Pacific, ranging from China and South Korea to Japan and the Philippines. Together, they accounted for 5.9 million deaths.
The global death toll included 4.3 million deaths due to indoor air pollution, chiefly caused by cooking over coal, wood and biomass stoves. The toll from outdoor pollution was 3.7 million, with sources ranging from coal heating fires to diesel engines.
Many people are exposed to both indoor and outdoor pollution, the WHO said, and due to that overlap the separate death toll attributed to the two sources cannot simply be added together, hence the figure of seven million deaths. The new figure is "shocking and worrying", Ms Neira told reporters.
When it last released an estimate for deaths related to air pollution, in 2008, the agency had put the figure related to outdoor pollution at 1.3 million, while the number blamed on indoor pollution was 1.9 million. But a change in research methods makes comparison difficult between the 2008 estimate and the 2012 figures, Neira said.
In the past, for example, the WHO did not take into account the overlap between exposure to both forms, and only assessed urban pollution. Satellite imagery has made it easier to assess rural pollution, and new knowledge about the health impact of exposure has enabled a better count. "The risks from air pollution are now far greater than previously thought or understood, particularly for heart disease and strokes," said Neira. "Few risks have a greater impact on global health today than air pollution. The evidence signals the need for concerted action to clean up the air we all breathe."
According to the WHO, some 2.9 billion people in poor nations live in homes that use fires as their principle method of cooking and heating. Carlos Dora, the WHO"s public and environmental health coordinator, said that turned homes into "combustion chambers". Simple measures to stem the impact include so-called "clean cook stoves", which are a low-tech option, as well as improved ventilation, he said.
Countries also need to rethink policies, Mr Dora said, pointing to the impact in the developed world of a shift to cleaner power sources, more efficient management of energy demand, and technical strides in the auto industry. He also said transport policies needed a shake-up. With air pollution having sparked a recent scare in France, leading to restrictions on car use and the temporary scrapping of public transport fees in Paris, Mr Dora said such measures could be applied in the longer term. "You can"t buy clean air in a bottle," he said."The air is a shared resource. In order to breathe clean air, we have to have interventions in the areas that pollute air." The WHO said it planned by the end of this year to release a ranking of the world"s 1,600 most polluted cities.
小题1:The main idea of this article is that .
| A．In the past, the WHO did not take into account the overlap between exposure to both forms. |
| B．Air pollution by sources ranging from cooking fires to auto fumes caused an estimated seven million deaths worldwide in 2012. |
| C．According to the WHO, some 2.9 billion people use fires as their principle method of cooking and heating. |
| D．The WHO will release a ranking of the world"s 1,600 most polluted cities by the end of this year. |
| A．The risks |
| B．cooking fires |
| C．environmental health problem |
| D．Air pollution |
| A．The biggest pollution-related killers were heart disease, stroke, pulmonary disease and lung cancer. |
| B．Air pollution only affects developing countries. |
| C．The risks from air pollution are now not serious. |
| D．Maria Neira said that we can"t buy clean air in a bottle. |
| A．The air is a our shared resource. |
| B．The WHO will release a ranking of the world"s 1,600 most polluted cities. |
| C．The government should make effective policies to control the air pollution. |
| D．The transport policies need a shake-up. |
| A．the death toll included 4.3 million deaths due to indoor air pollution. |
| B．in 2008 the WHO only assessed rural pollution. |
| C．the research methods changed. |
| D．the risks from air pollution are now far greater than previously thought. |
“It’s been a unique tradition of our school for a decade,” said Wang Yueran, 20, a journalism major at Renmin University, who organized a weeklong trip to Sichuan with 12 classmates last year.
But having fun is just one dimension of the spring break. Field trips, voluntary work, and social projects are all on students’ to-do lists. Experts say the spring break is not just for students to enjoy a few days off, but for them to gain new experiences beyond the campus walls.
Push them out
The traditional Chinese belief of the exploration of knowledge and truth emphasizes “reading 10,000 books and traveling 10,000 miles”, which indicates the importance of experience as much as theory. But while Chinese universities have the tradition of spring outings, what’s the benefit of making spring break an institution?
Qin Jianguo, of the student affairs office at Shenzhen University, thinks the idea of the spring break in some universities in China comes from the intention of pushing students out of the ivory tower to experience more diversity in their lives.
“Take traveling for example. A week traveling is a very different experience to a one- or two-day outing,” said Qin. “Students are expected to acquire the spirit of teamwork and compromise, and learn survival and communication skills when put out there in an unfamiliar context.”
Diverse approaches
Many countries have similar vacations in the middle of the semester for students to do things out of their own interest. Taking Japan as an example, instead of partying like their US counterparts, many Japanese students choose to work as interns or engage in study-related projects.
“The spring break is an opportunity for many of our students to put their learning to use,” said Hiroshi Kanno, dean of the Graduate School of International Corporate Strategy at Hitotsubashi University, in the school’s description of a recent spring break project.
As for Chinese students who take a week off around the Labor Day holiday, many tend to do volunteer work. Duan Zhipeng, a 22-year-old economics major at Renmin University, applied for a project to go back to his hometown in Jiangxi province to introduce his university’s enrollment policies and campus culture to local high school students.
Not a trend yet
Apart from Renmin University, only a few other universities, such as Yantai University, have a spring break for their students. The concept in China is still far from the culture and norms built around it in the US.
Wei Xiang, a professor specializing in holiday economics at Beijing International Studies University, said that the spring break is a good experiment for universities to make study schedules smoother in order to give students more options to arrange their own leisure and study activities.
小题1:According to the text, up to now, Apart from Renmin University, which University has a spring break for their students.
| A．Yantai University |
| B．Peking University |
| C．Suzhou University |
| D．Nankai University |
| A．field trips | B．exploration of knowledge |
| C．spring break | D．ivory tower |
| A．Because they tend to do volunteer work. |
| B．Because they go home to meet their relatives. |
| C．Because they get a spring break. |
| D．Because they have lesser courses . |
| A．Reading 10,000 books and traveling 10,000 miles |
| B．Spring break expands horizons |
| C．Enjoy yourselves |
| D．A weeklong trip |
| A．Spring break can help students to gain new experiences beyond the campus walls. |
| B．Students are expected to acquire the spirit of teamwork through pring break. |
| C．Spring break can help students tolearn survival and communication skills when in an unfamiliar context. |
| D．Spring break is not common in the US. |
In most countries and at most times in history, as people have become richer they have chosen to work less. In other words they have decided to “spend” a part of their extra income on a fuller personal life. Over the last fifty years Europeans have continued this pattern, and hours of work have fallen sharply. But not in the United States. We do not fully know why this is. One reason may be greatly lower taxes in America, which increase the rewards to work. Another may be more satisfying work, or less satisfying personal lives.
Longer hours do of course increase the GDP(国内生产总值). So the United States has produced more per worker than, say, France. The United States also has more of its people at work, while in France many more mothers and older workers have decided to stay at home. The overall result is that American GDP per head is 40% higher than in France, even though productivity per hour worked is the same.
It is not clear which of the two situations is better. As we have seen, work has to be compared with other values like family life, which often get lost in its interest. It is too early to explain the different trends（趋势）in happiness over time in different countries. But it is a disappointing idea that in the United States happiness has made no progress since 1975, while it has risen in Europe. Could this have anything to do with trends in the work-life balance?
小题1:Which of the following countries has more of its people at work?
| A．Spain. | B．France. | C．Germany. | D．America. |
| A．The GDP of Europe is higher than that of America. |
| B．Two possible reasons are given for working longer hours in the US. |
| C．People all over the world choose to work less when they are richer. |
| D．Americans are happier than Europeans. |
| A．Americans and Europeans |
| B．Staying at Home |
| C．Work and Productivity |
| D．Work and Happiness |
The countryside is particularly beautiful during the summer, especially in August and September. As one travels the countryside, you’ll find more of its treasures: so many plants and animals, romantic castles(浪漫的城堡), secret gardens, and villages so unchanged in the last decades that they seem to have been caught under a fairy’ s spell.
Must-sees include Derbyshire, called “the heart of England” and home to the National Park. The great peaks were the muse（创作灵感）of the Bronte sisters (and if you love the book Jane Eyre, you can visit North Lees hall, where the real Eyre family once lived).
History lovers will enjoy a visit to Lincoln city (its most famous son is Lord Alfred Tennyson). It is also known for its cathedral(大教堂), the charming tea shops, a small castle. One would never guess its violent past—built by Romans, it was once a center for arrow(箭) making.
Harry Potter fans shouldn’t miss a visit to Alnwick, which is better recognized as the “Hogswarth” in the movies.
Let’s not leave out the Wessex region, where one can see one of England’s greatest mysteries, Stone Henge. You can also go to the City of Bath, which has been famous for its medicines springs since the Roman times. Other popular tractions include Salisbury Cathedral, and landscaped(景色优美的) gardens of Stourhead, and the cobbled(用鹅卵石铺的) streets of Shaftesbury. This is also home to Oxford, one of the world’s most famous universities.
Art lovers will also like a visit to East Anglia, whose landscapes inspired the painter Constable (he was born in Dedham village). This is also home of the University City of Cambridge, and the famous architectural(建筑上的) attraction, King’s College Chapel. Be sure to visit the aircraft museum of Duxford.
小题1:What was Shakespeare’s attitude towards the English countryside?
| A．Uninterested. | B．Dissatisfied(不满意的). |
| C．Surprised. | D．Admiring. |
| A．produced arrows in the past |
| B．will be enjoyed by music lovers |
| C．was the place where the Eyre family once lived |
| D．has one of the world’ s most famous universities |
| A．the Wessex region | B．Derbyshire | C．Yorkshire | D．Alnwick |
| A．a travel guide |
| B．a book review(书评) |
| C．a history paper |
| D．a newspaper report |
Brother Michael and Chris were born in the early 1960s and grew up in a black neighborhood in Richmond, California. Both boys were in the primary school and brought home mostly A’s on their report cards.
But in a black family with eight children, money was always , so the two growing boys often went . They turned to stealing. They stole cookies from the grocery store and bread from the . They even stole money from their parents to feed.
At the end of his first year in high school, Chris received three A’s and F’s on his report card --- the first time he had anything in school. Because Kennedy High School only allowed three failures four years, one more F and Chris would be kicked out of school. That’s when he made up his mind to .
Chris made every effort to become in school. After Chris graduated from college, he worked as a prosecutor(检察官), criminals, drug dealers, and gang members. Today Chris is famous as one of the prosecutors in the trial of the century, the O.J. Simpson trial!
That decision to change took him in an entirely direction from his brother Michael, who changing his bad behavior. After high school, Michael continued his anti-social ---fighting in the streets, taking and stealing. At the age of 42, Michael Darden died from AIDS.
This story us that what we become is determined by the we make. We can choose to get or we can choose to get worse. Chris changed. He changed from being a criminal to prosecuting criminals. His brother Michael, on the other hand, was changed. He was changed by drugs…and finally, he was changed by a deadly disease. Chris made the right choices. He made the changes in his life that helped him his great dreams.
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