题目
题型：0117 期末题难度：来源：
of about 3, 000 difficult words, each followed by a one-word definition.
The author, Robert Cawdrey, made no attempt to include everyday words in his dictionary. No one, he
reasoned, would ever have to look up a word in a dictionary if he already knew the meaning of the word.
During the 1600"s more dictionaries were published. Each followed Cawdrey"s lead and presented a few
thousand hard words. Around 1700 one dictionary maker, John Kersey, did define easy words as well as hard
words. But until the 1750"s all the dictionaries were rather crude and not very valuable.
A man named Dr Samuel Johnson changed all this. In 1755 Dr Johnson produced the first modern
dictionary. He included in his dictionary all important words, both easy and hard, and he gave good meanings.
He also gave good sentences to show how each word was actually used in speech and in writing. By the end
of the 1700"s most dictionary makers had followed Johnson"s example. Dictionaries were getting better and
better.
The 1800"s saw the greatest improvement in the quality of dictionaries. In England scholars planned and
prepared the Oxford English Dictionary, a twenty-volume (卷；册；部) work. One of the most interesting
features of the Oxford Dictionary is its word histories. It traces (追溯；探索) the history of each word from
its earliest recorded use up to the time of the printing of the dictionary.
B. was just a list of difficult words with one-word definitions
C. included a number of everyday words
D. was considered to be a very valuable one
B. only defined hard words
C. defined both easy words as well as hard words
D. were far from being perfect
B. It was the first modern English dictionary.
C. It included easy words as well as hard ones.
D. It gave sentences to show the usage of words.
B. it gave sentences showing how each word was actually used
C. it was a 20-volume work
D. it showed the history of each word
B. the origin of English dictionaries
C. the development of English dictionaries
D. the features of English dictionaries
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 The first English dictionary was published in 1604. The dictionary was】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
16th century. The River was used by Indians as a highway and as a source of food, and it was they who
gave it its name-"misi" meaning "great" and "sipi" meaning "water". When the length of its branch, the
Missouri, is added to it, the Mississippi becomes greater. 1 . From the source of the Missouri to the tip
of the delta (三角洲), it is 2, 480 miles long.
Great rivers are likely to suffer floods. In 1927 the Mississippi flooded 26 thousand acres, sweeping
away farms, towns, everything in its path. In 1938 its floods drowned or killed 200 people and made millions
homeless. Today the river has largely been controlled. 2 . Industries have spread down some of the
waterways of the delta, but otherwise the delta is a remote place, the homeland of a little colony of French
Canadians that the British drove out of Nova Scotia in the 18th century. They still speak French, mixed with
English, Indian, Spanish and Negro idioms. They keep to themselves, fanning the rich soil of the delta. 3 .
4 . Pioneers who first reached its banks wondered not only where it went, but what lay beyond. In 1764
the French founded a city on the right bank of the river, and named it after their king, Louis XV. This city,
named St. Louis, became the jumping-off place for the adventurous men and women who opened up the
Great Plains, and the way to the Far West. Some 40 years earlier, at the beginning of the 18th century, the
French had founded another city just above the Mississippi delta, New Orleans. 5 . New Orleans is one
of the great ports of the world, and one of the greatest terminals for both sea and river traffic.
B. Levees, high banks built of earth, hold back the flood waters.
C. Therefore, as we know, it"s the third longest river in the world.
D. It is known that the "Great Water" has also been a frontier river.
E. However, they paddled up and down the Mississippi in their boats to seek their fortune.
F. The "Great Water" always remains a threat, for the streets of the city are below the level of the river
G. They call themselves Cajuns, who have actually been leading fairly primitive lives and preserving
their own traditions.
when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their
unarmed (无武器的) hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew
rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other" s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other."Let" s shake (hands) on
it" sometimes means agreement reached.
Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the
Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the
other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly. There is generally a misunderstanding (误解) among the Chinese that
westerners are usually open and straightforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved (保守的) in manner. But
in fact some people in western countries are more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to
shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.
B. to greet each other
C. to show friendliness
D. to reach an agreement
B. how handshaking came about
C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade
D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China
B. Westerners are unwilling to shake hands.
C. We should make a judgment before shaking hands.
D. We shouldn"t" t shake hands with European women.
B. to offer us some important facts about handshaking
C. to introduce us to some different customs in the West
D. to give us some advice before we travel abroad
dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even
better attended by locals.
During the opening ceremonies, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who
attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels transport their riders
across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship.
One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off
their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they
dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their
hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.
The local and visiting Italian dogs are anxious to run after hares. The crowd is on its feet for the camel
races. Camels and riders run far into the distance, and then return to the finish Line in front of the cheering
people.
Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely exciting horserace.
All the riders run very fast on horseback. Some riders hang off the side of their saddles. Some even ride
upside down-their legs and feet straight up in the air-all at full speed. Others rush down the course together,
men arm in arm, on different horses. On and on they went. So fast and so wonderful!
B. is held in the same place on the same day
C. is attended mainly by the people in the Sahara
D. is celebrated mostly by travelers from different countries
B. camel riders, musicians, dogs and hares
C. horsemen, dancers, camels and dogs
D. musicians, officials, camels and horses
B. middle
C. last part
D. whole
B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival
C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival
D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara Festival
Greek myth that explains why there are changes of 1 is about Demerter, the goddess of the harvest. She
had a daughter, Persephone, whom she loved very much. Hades, god of the underworld, fell in love with
Persephone, and he asked Zeus, the 2 of the gods, to give Persephone to him as his 3 . Zeus did not want
either to disappoint Hades or to upset Demeter, so he said he would not agree to the marriage, but neither would
he 4 it. Hades, therefore, decided to take the girl without 5 .
When Persephone was picking flowers in the garden, he seized her and took her to the underworld. When
Demeter 6 what happened to Persephone, she became so 7 that she caused all plants to 8 . People were
in 9 of starving (挨饿). But Demeter was determined not to let crops grow 10 her daughter, Persephone,
was returned to her. 11 , still not wanting to disappoint Hades, decided upon a condition for Persephone"s 12 .
She could go back to her mother if she had not 13 anything while she was in the underworld. Demeter 14 it
because she did not know that Persephone had eaten several Pomegranate (石榴) seeds in the underworld.
When Zeus 15 this, he agreed that Persephone could spend part of the year with her 16 , but he added that
since she had eaten the seeds, she must spend part of the year in the underworld. And so it 17 that when
Persephone is in the underworld, Demeter is sad and therefore 18 not let the crops grow.
That is 19 we have winter when plants do not grow. When Persephone returns, Demeter is 20 , it is
spring, and plants begin to grow again.
| 阅读理解。 |
| Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men. in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilisations (文明), broken up by long "dark ages" in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2,000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men. However, most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred? The next thousand? The next million? That"s much more difficult. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive (原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps through the cribe, These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can"t think of. So why bother even to try imagining life far in the future? Here are two reasons. First unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live because. we are careless or greedy (贪婪) or quarrelsome. our grand-children will not bother to think of excuses for us. Second, by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set you imagination free when you think about the future. |
| 1. A particular mention made of Stapledon"s book in the opening paragraph _______. |
| A. serves as a description of human history B. serves an introduction to the discussion C. shows a disagreement of views D. Shows the popularity of the book |
| 2. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that ______. |
| A. human history is extremely long B. life has changed a great deal C. it is useless to plan for the next 50 years D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future |
| 3. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to _______. |
| A. tools used in farming B. ideas about modern life C. unknown things in the future D. hunting skills in the Stone Age |
| 4. According to the writer of the text, imagining the future will _______. |
| A. serve the interests of the present and future generations B. enable us to better understand human history C. help us to improve farming D. make life worth living |