题目
题型：高考真题难度：来源：
American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A
woman"s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑)
across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even
improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in
big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don"t smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express
their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.
Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public
and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with
friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural
differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing
emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of
"reading" the other person incorrectly.
B. Politeness.
C. Joy.
D. Thankfulness.
B. be used to hide true feelings
C. be used in the wrong places
D. show personal habits
B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C. Find out about their past experience.
D. Figure out what they will do next.
B. Smiles and Relationship
C. Facial Expressiveness
D. Habits and Emotions
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
than words.
According to specialists, our bodies send out more 2 than we realize. In
fact, non-verbal (非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really 3 .And
body language is particularly 4 when we attempt to communicate across cultures.
Indeed, what is called body language is so 5 a part of us that it"s actually often
unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 6 ,different societies treat the
7 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 8
contact (接触) even with friends, and certainly not with 9 . People from Latin American
countries, 10 ,touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it"s possible that in 11 . it may
look like a Latino is 12 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express
friendship, will keep moving" 13 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness,
will keep 14 which the Latino will in return regard as 15 .
Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 16 . And only a part of it is in the
words themselves. And when parties are from 17 cultures, there"s a strong possibility of
18 . But whatever the situation, the best 19 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others
as you would like to be 20 .
| ( )1. A. straighter ( )2. A. sounds ( )3. A. hope ( )4. A. immediate ( )5. A. well ( )6. A. For example ( )7. A. trade ( )8. A. eye ( )9. A. strangers ( )10. A. in other words ( )11. A. trouble ( )12. A. disturbing ( )13. A. closer ( )14. A. stepping forward ( )15. A. weakness ( )16. A. talk ( )17. A. different ( )18. A. curiosity ( )19. A. chance ( )20. A. noticed | B. louder B. invitations B. receive B. misleading B. far B. Thus B. distance B. verbal B. relatives B. on the other hand B. conversation B. helping B. faster B. going on B. carelessness B. travel B. European B. excitement B. time B. treated | C. harder C. feelings C. discover C. important C. much C. However C. connection C. bodily C. neighbour C. in a similar way C. silence C. guiding C. in C. backing away C. friendliness C. laugh C. Latino C. misunderstanding C. result C respected | D. further D. messages D. mean D. difficult D. long D. In short D. greetings D. telephone D. enemies D. by all means D. experimem D. following D. away D. coming out D. coldness D. think D. rich D. nervousness D. advice D. pleased |
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| "Have a nice day!" may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless. When my friend Maxie says "Have a nice day" with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well. "Have a nice day. Next!" This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔调) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else"s is the management"s attempt to increase business. The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don"t know what to say "oh, you may have a tooth out? I"m terribly sorry, but have a nice day." The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says "Have a nice day" to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don"t know has tried to be nice to you. Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it"s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don"t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like. | |||
| 1. How does the author understand Maxie"s words? | |||
| A. Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. B. Maxie really wishes the author a good day. C. Maxie encourages the author to stay happy. D. Maxie really worries about the author"s security. | |||
| 2. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? | |||
| A. The salesgirl is rude. B. The salesgirl is bored. C. The salesgirl cares about me. D. The salesgirl says the words as a routine | |||
| 3. By saying "Have a nice day," a stranger may _____. | |||
| A. try to be polite to you B. express respect to you C. give his blessing to you D. share his pleasure with you | |||
| 4. According to the last paragraph, people say "Have a nice day"_______. | |||
| A. sincerely B. as thanks C. as a habit D. encouragingly | |||
| 5. What is the best title of the passage? | |||
| A. Have a Nice Day-a Social Custom. B. Have a Nice Day-a Pleasant Gesture. C. Have a Nice Day-a Heart-warming Greeting. D. Have a Nice Day-a Polite Ending of a Conversation. | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| Usually,when your teacher asks a question,there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is "What"s your name?" Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. Have you ever wondered about people"s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean? People"s first names,or given names,are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith;a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones. Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means "bright" ; Beatrice means "one who gives happiness" ;Donald means "world ruler" ;Leonard means " as brave as a lion". The earliest last names,or sumames,were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook (小溪) ;someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long,paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest. Other early sumames came from people"s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith,which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past,smiths were very important workers in every town andvillage. Some other occupational names are: Carter-a person who owned or drove a cart;Potter-a person who made pots and pans. The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter"s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture. Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin,or their size,or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village,the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Light-foot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer. Some family names were made by adding something to the father"s name. English-speaking people added-s or -son. The Johnsons are descendants of John;the Roberts family"s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or 0. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O"Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell. | |||
| 1. Which of the following aspects do the sumames in the passage NOT cover? | |||
| A. Places where people lived. B. People"s characters. C. Talents that people possessed. D. People"s occupations. | |||
| 2. According to the passage,the ancestors of the Potter family n.ost probably ____. | |||
| A. owned or drove a cart B. made things with metals C. made kitchen tools or contains D. built houses and fumiture | |||
| 3. Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-bom son "o become a world leader,the baby might be named ______ | |||
| A. Beatrice Smith B. Leonard Carter C. George Longstreet D. Donald Greenwood | |||
| 4. The underlined word "descendants" in the last paragraph means a person"s _____ | |||
| A. later generations B. friends and relatives C. colleagues and partners D. later sponsors | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
What brings a nation together? Of the four choices - shared values, language, history, and religion, it"s shared values. In our latest poll (民意调査), seven out of 16 countries chose values as the greatest factor (因索)bringing a nation | |||
| 1. According to the poll, what was the most important factor in bringing a nation together? | |||
| A. Language. B. Values. C. History. D. Religion. | |||
| 2.In which country did language score the lowest in their national pride? | |||
| A. Canada. B. Mexico. C. France. D. America. | |||
| 3.According to the charts, shared values and language were considered equally important in . | |||
| A. Australia B. Brazil C. China D. India | |||
| 阅读理解。 | |||
| The meaning of the word" volunteer" may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means " one who offers his or her services. "There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage (垃圾) from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers don"t expect any kind of pay. At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer other services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa"s homes in Calcutta. The following is her story. "I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school. We watched a video(录像) about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I too wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks. " "I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets, and pass out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I don"t think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture (文化) that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world. " | |||
| 1. According to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who_____ | |||
| A. is willing to help those in need without pay B. can afford to travel to different places C. has a strong wish to be successful D. has made a big fortune in life | |||
| 2. Tracy started her work as a volunteer_____ | |||
| A. after she met Mother Teresa B. after she finished high school C. when she was touring Calcutta D. when she was working in a hospital | |||
| 3. Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer? | |||
| A. She liked to work with Mother Teresa. B. She had already had some experience. C. She was asked by Mother Teresa to do so. D. She wanted to follow Mother Teresa"s example. | |||
| 4. What is Tracy"s" new idea" ( Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer? | |||
| A. Going abroad to help the sick. B. Working in Mother Teresa"s home. C. Doing simple things to help the poor. D. Improving oneself through helping others. |