题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities.At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条)and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life.Howard"s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city.Howard"s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries.They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions.As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away.Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
小题1:How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?
A.By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago. |
B.Through his observation of the country life. |
C.Through the combination of different ideas. |
D.By taking other people"s advice. |
A.making comments on | B.giving an explanation of |
C.giving a description of | D.making use of |
A.Each one would continue to become larger |
B.People would live and work in the same place |
C.Their number would continue to rise |
D.Each one would contain a certain type of business |
A.City and Countryside |
B.The Invention of the Garden City |
C.A New City in Chicago |
D.A Famous Garden City in England |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
试题分析 本文是介绍Ebenezer Howard的花园城市以及他对后代城市发展所产生的影响。
小题1:A细节题。根据第一段it was nicknamed "the Garden City", almost certainly the source of Howard"s name for his later building plan of towns用的是后来重建芝加哥所起的绰号故选 A项。
小题2:D 推理题。根据第一段Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.返回伦敦之后 他又一下他的想法与设计,利用当时很受欢迎的想法,但又创造一个独特的设计。故选 D项。
小题3:C 推断题。根据最后一段As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away.随着越来越多的搬进这个城市达到饱和之后 ,另外一个又开始发展,可见数量上会继续增加的。故选C项。
小题4:B 主旨大意。本文要讲城市花园的发展历程,故选B项。
考点 历史类阅读
核心考点
试题【The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850 – 1928). Afte】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, made it their business to send signals during their husbands speeches. When Lady Bird Johnson thought her husband was talking too long, she wrote a note and sent it up to the platform. It read, "It"s time to stop ! " And he did. Once Bess Truman didn"t like what her husband was saying on television, so she phoned him and said, "If you can"t talk more politely than that in public, you come right home. "
It was First Lady Helen Taft"s idea to plant the famous cherry trees in Washington, D. C. Each spring these blossoming trees attract thousands of visitors to the nation"s capital Mrs. Taft also influenced the male members of her family and the White House staff in a strange way: she convinced(说服)them to shave off their beards(胡须) !
Shortly after President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke (中风), Edith Wilson unofficially took over most of the duties of the Presidency until the end of her husband"s term Earlier, during World War I, Mrs. Wilson had sheep brought onto the White House lawn to eat t e grass. The sheep not only kept the lawn cut. but provided wool for an auction(拍卖) held by the First Lady. Almost$ 100,000 was raised for the Red Cross.
One of the most famous First Ladies was Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was active in political and. social causes throughout her husband"s term in office After his death, she became famous for her humanitarian(人道主义的) work in the United Nations. She made life better for thousands of needy people around the world.
小题1:Why have First Ladies been remembered?
A.They are the wives of the presidents. |
B.They are made up of history books. |
C.Americans are interested in them. |
D.They have an effect on their husbands. |
A. the two wives did business without their husbands
B. the two wives influenced the presidents" speeches
C. the two wives didn"t like their husbands to make speeches
D the presidents" speeches were often interrupted by their wives.
小题3:Who did the most meaningful work among the first ladies?
A.Lady Bird Johnson. |
B.Mrs. Wilson. |
C.Eleanor Roosevelt. |
D.Helen Taft |
A. Raise sheep on the White House lawn to get money for the Red Cross.
B. Take over most of the duties throughout their husbands" Presidency.
C. Plant the cherry trees in Washington, D. C. to attract more visitors
D. Persuade the men staff in the White House to shave off their beards.
小题5:How many First Ladies are mentioned in this passage?
A.3 | B.4. |
C.5 | D.6. |
As early as 1808,the people of Provincetown requested a lighthouse on Race Point,but it took Congress eight years to react when they finally paid $ 8,000 on April 27,1816 to build a lighthouse —Race Point Light,which was located in the town of Provincetown,Massachusetts.It was first built of stone 25 feet high with no foundation and its light was 30 feet above the sea.It was equipped with one of the nation"s earliest revolving lights.
Actually,there were two other lighthouses on Cape Cod,but they were hit by a storm in October 1841.In the following year,Race Point Light was examined by I.W.P.Lewis,who realized the light"s importance.He said,“The light should be useful to all ships leaving Boston.However,its illuminating power is so weak that people would hardly be able to differentiate it from the lights set on the ships which stay in the bay,or close by.It hasn"t played its role as a lighthouse well.”
The result was that old lighthouse was destroyed and a new iron lighthouse with a proper foundation was put up to take its place.The new lighthouse was 45 feet high.Although the original keeper"s house was in good repair,it was destroyed too and a new one was built.Today the lighthouse has been automated(自动化)and Race Point Light is still an active aid to navigation.
You can park at Race Point Beach and walk about 45 minutes to the lighthouse.Sunset at Race Point Light is one of the Cape Cod"s most popular scenes.And at times whales can be seen in the lighthouse.For reservations to stay one night in the keeper"s house at Race Point call(508)487-9930.
小题1:The underlined word “illuminating” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.
A.preventing accidents | B.cooling the air |
C.providing light | D.predicting weather |
A.It was too old to repair properly. |
B.It hadn"t done a good job in helping the passing ships. |
C.It was destroyed in a storm in October 1841. |
D.It wasn"t high enough and had no foundation. |
A.is also a tourist spot now |
B.stopped working after 1914 |
C.was built by I.W.P.Lewis |
D.has been automated since 1841 |
A.The keeper"s house is open to the public now. |
B.The present keeper"s house is the original one. |
C.The two other lighthouses had revolving lights too. |
D.The government didn"t agree to build Race Point Light. |
A.The building process of Race Point Light. |
B.The tourism value of Race Point Light. |
C.The three lighthouses on Cape Cod. |
D.The history of Race Point Light. |
The Origin of Chocolate
Many modern historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2000 years, but recent research suggests that it may be even older.
In the book The True History of Chocolate, authors Sophie and Michael Coe prove that the earliest linguistic (语言学的) evidence of chocolate consumption dates back three or even four thousand years.
Valuable and Fashionable Chocolate Beverage
It’s hard to discover exactly when chocolate was born, but it’s clear that it was cherished from the start. For several centuries in pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were considered valuable enough to use as currency. 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a 16th-century Aztec document.
Sweetened chocolate didn’t appear until Europeans discovered the Americas and sampled (品尝) the native cuisine. Chocolate didn’t suit the foreigners’ taste at first — one described it in his writings as “a bitter drink for pigs” — but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain. By the 17th century, chocolate was a fashionable drink throughout Europe, believed to have nutritious, medicinal functions. But it remained largely a privilege of the rich until the invention of the steam engine made mass production possible in the late 1700s.
The Birth of Solid Chocolate
In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered chocolate. His product became known as “Dutch cocoa”, and it soon led to the creation of solid chocolate. In 1847, Joseph Fry created the first modern chocolate bar. By 1868, a little company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of chocolate candies in England. Milk chocolate hit the market a few years later.
Prosperous Chocolate Industry
In America, chocolate was so valued during the Revolutionary War that it was used instead of wages. Even now, statistics show that the humble cacao bean is still a powerful economic force. Chocolate manufacturing is a more than 4-billion-dollar industry in the United States, and the average American eats at least half a pound of the stuff per month.
小题1:The earliest chocolate was most probably _________.
A.a dish | B.a drink | C.a bar | D.a candy |
A.the history of chocolate is at most 4,000 years. |
B.people around the world could buy things with chocolate. |
C.chocolate was well paid attention to since it was born. |
D.an American at least eats a pound of chocolate per month. |
A.Because chocolate was so tasty and bitter. |
B.Because chocolate was believed to be a source of nutrition. |
C.Because chocolate was sweetened with honey or cane sugar. |
D.Because chocolate became a fashionable beverage. |
A.chocolate beverage----chocolate bar----chocolate candies----milk chocolate |
B.chocolate bar----chocolate beverage----chocolate candies----milk chocolate |
C.chocolate bar ----chocolate candies ----milk chocolate ---- chocolate beverage |
D.chocolate beverage ----chocolate candies----chocolate bar---- milk chocolate |
Chanel No.5
This perfume is probably the best-selling scent (气味) in the history of fragrance (香水). Created by Ernst Beaux for Coco Chanel in 1921, it has been described as “the world’s most legendary fragrance”, and remains the company’s most famous perfume.
Shalimar
Jacques Guerlain created this vanilla (香草) fragrance in 1925. The perfume takes its name from the Garden of Shalimar, which was built by Emperor Shah Jehan for one of his wives. It was an immediate hit in 1925 and is still extremely popular today.
Joy
Joy is famous for having been the most expensive perfume in the world at one point. It was created in 1930 by Henri Alméras for Jean Patou to lift the bad mood that had swept over the world after the 1929 stock market crash.
L’Air duTemps
Francis Farbon created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. The fragrance is known for its spicy (香的) carnation (康乃馨) and gardenia (栀子) scents as well as its beautiful crystal (水晶的) bottle (designed by Lalique).
Eternity
Calvin Klein’s second perfume was created by Sophia Grojsman in 1988. Known for its light, flowery scent, the perfume was listed in the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 2003. It is recommended for daytime wear.
Angel
This wildly popular perfume was created in 1992 by Olivier Cresp for Thierry Mugler. The perfume was an instant success. The perfume has often been described as “delicious”, owing to its chocolatey (巧克力味的) scent. The perfume comes in beautiful star-shaped bottles. Angel perfume also comes in several bath and body products.
小题1:Who created Joy?
A.Henri Alméras. | B.Jean Patou. |
C.Sophia Grojsman. | D.Jacques Guerlain. |
A.Shalimar. | B.Chanel No. 5 | C.L’Air du Temps. | D.Eternity. |
A.its spicy scent | B.its special bottle design |
C.its vanilla scent | D.its chocolatey scent |
A.Emperor Shah Jehan created the Shalimar perfume for one of his wives. |
B.Joy was created to cheer people up after the stock market crash. |
C.Lalique created Nina Ricci’s L’Air du Temps in 1948. |
D.Eternity was listed into the Fragrance Hall of Fame in 1988. |
A.In a textbook. | B.In the newspaper. |
C.In a travel magazine. | D.In a fashion magazine. |
Lincoln had a plan.He issued the Emancipation Proclamation.It stated that as of January 1,1863,all slaves living in the rebellious southern states would be forever free.And starting immediately,Union armies would accept black volunteers.
The southern rebels’response to Lincoln’s call for black troops was a deadly one.Captives (俘虏) of any Union regiment (团) with black troops were to be given “no quarter”.They were to be put to death immediately.
AfricanAmerican troops throughout the war distinguished themselves (表现突出) in battle at places like Milliken’s Bend,Fort Wagner,and the Crater at St.Petersburg.As to their conduct on the battlefield,Colonel Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote,“Nobody knows anything about these men who has not seen them in battle.No officer in this regiment now doubts that the successful process of the war lies in the unlimited employment of black troops.” By the war’s end,186,000 black men had participated.They made up nearly 10 percent of Union forces.These black soldiers saw action in more than 250 battles.Black soldiers also gave their lives.By the war’s end,about 38,000 black soldiers had died.They died from disease,in battle,and after capture by rebel troops.
小题1:This passage is mainly about________.
A.cause of the Civil War |
B.the Emancipation Proclamation |
C.black soldiers in the Civil War |
D.why Lincoln was a good president |
A.Whites. |
B.People who keep watch. |
C.Rebels. |
D.Thought and feeling. |
A.Lincoln acted too late to free the slaves. |
B.Blacks fought well for the Union cause. |
C.The Civil War changed American history. |
D.The southern rebels nearly won the Civil War. |
A.The Civil War’s purpose was to drive the black away. |
B.The Civil War ended just in one year with the help of the blacks. |
C.All slaves were set free by September of 1862. |
D.Black captives of any Union regiment were killed after Lincoln’s call. |
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