题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough (犁). But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready.
Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degree to the invention of money. In some countries easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity (稀有) of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know it had arrived.
小题1:What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A.Man needed little in the earliest stages of development. |
B.Man preferred to make tools by himself. |
C.How the simple process of exchange arose. |
D.What the early man needed from others. |
A.all learnt to make by themselves the things needed |
B.had to travel a lot to look for what they wanted |
C.wanted better things than those they themselves could provide |
D.no longer provided food and clothing for themselves |
A.man became more civilized |
B.there was not a marketplace for farmers and smiths to exchange their goods |
C.farmers hadn’t enough grain or meat to provide for skilled workers |
D.more and more goods which had no fixed exchange values appeared on the market. |
A.paper was invented |
B.nothing could be offered in exchange |
C.people practiced a simple process of exchange |
D.the exchange of one thing for another became too complicated |
A.Shells | B.Tea | C.Salt | D.Horses |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:D
小题5:A
解析
核心考点
试题【 In the earliest stages of man’s development he had no more need of money than 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Norma didn’t travel alone.She brought about 100 companions along with her.Norma was an ant, a queen ant who, with her subjects, made up the first ant colony (群体) to travel into space.The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects.
The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip.The young scientists and their teachers were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened.The problem did not occur in space, but on the ground after Challenger had landed.The container remained in the desert for nearly a week before the ant colony was removed.The hot, dry desert air dried out the colony’s container and the ants died from lack of moisture (水分).
The project was termed a success because it did provide useful information.Students will continue their efforts to find out exactly what went wrong.They will try to prevent the same difficulties from recurring (再发生) on future missions .They don’t want to be discouraged either by the death of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space.
小题1:The story is mainly about .
A.Sally Ride’s first ride |
B.space equipment for insects |
C.a space experiment with ants |
D.going to school in New Jersey |
A.some important things were learned |
B.dead ants are better |
C.everything went as expected |
D.students wrote about it |
A.weightlessness harmed them |
B.space caused too much pain |
C.no one fed them in space |
D.they dried out in the desert |
A.will be sent without people |
B.should not be left in the desert too long |
C.will have to pay double fare |
D.will escape the trip completely |
University tuition fees (学费)are currently capped at £3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.
In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average £ 31.000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just £ 17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than £ 10.000. Average debts for graduates are £ 12,363.
Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said. "The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively."
Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather aged 15 from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.
小题1: Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?
A.Students understand personal finances differently. |
B.University tuition fees in England have been rising. |
C.Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings. |
D.The students" payback ability has become a major issue. |
A.to raise the student loans | B.to improve the school facilities |
C.to increase the upper limit of the tuition | D.to lift the school building roofs |
A.are too young to be exposed to financial issues |
B.should learn to manage their finances well |
C.should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans |
D.benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance |
A.Many British teenagers do not know money matters well |
B.Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts. |
C.Financial planning is a required course at college. |
D.Young people should become responsible adults. |
The study took ten years. The researchers gathered records from fishing businesses and governments around the world. The magazine Nature published the findings.
The scientists say the common method called long line fishing ravages the populations of large fish. This method involves many fishing lines connected to one boat. These wires can be nearly one hundred kilometers long. They hold thousands of sharp metal hooks to catch fish.
Long line fishing is especially common in the Japanese fishing industry. Records showed that Japanese boats used to catch about ten fish for every one hundred hooks. But long line fishing boats now might only catch one fish per hundred hooks.
The scientists say industrial fishing can destroy groups of fish much faster than in the past. The study suggests that whole populations can disappear almost completely from new fishing areas within ten to fifteen years.
Ransom Myers and Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia led the study with the University of Kiel in Germany. Worm says the destruction could lead to a complete reorganization of ocean life systems. Meyers says the decreased numbers of large fish are not the only worry. He says even populations that are able to reproduce do not get the chance to live long enough to grow as big as their ancestors. He says not only are there fewer big fish, but also they are smaller than those of the past.
It’s the end of this program ,Thank you for your listening.
小题1:What’s the best title for the passage?
A.Big fish are disappearing | B.Long—line fishing in Japan |
C.The harm of industrial fishing | D.Stop killing big fish |
A.Fish can disappear almost completely from new fishing areas. |
B.Now long—line fishing boats might catch one fish per hundred hooks. |
C.Fish now don’t have the chance to grow big enough. |
D.Scientists spent ten years studying the populations of large fish. |
A.The number of big fish started to drop greatly about fifty years ago. |
B.The study was started by Boris Worm of Dalhousie alone. |
C.There will be no big fish left in fifty years . |
D.Japaneses people have stopped catching big fish. |
The report "Whales in hot water?" draws attention to the growing impacts of climate change on whales.They range from changes in sea temperature and the freshening of the seawater because of the melting of ice and increased rainfalls, to a sea level rise, loss of icy polar habitats and the decline of krill populations in key areas.Krill, a tiny shrimp that is dependent on sea ice, is the main source of food for many of the great whales.
The speeding up of climate change adds greatly to trouble from other human activities, such as chemical and noise pollution, which kills some 1000 whales every day.
"Whales and dolphins have an ability to adapt to their changing environment," said Mark Simmonds, International Director of Science at WDCS."But the climate is now changing at such a fast pace that it is unclear to what extent whales and dolphins will be able to adjust."
Climate change impacts are currently greatest in the Arctic and the Antarctic.According to the report, cetaceans that rely on polar, icy waters for their home and food resources are likely to be greatly affected by the reduction of sea ice cover.
WDCS and WWF are urging governments to cut global production of C02 by at least 50 percent by the middle of this century.The latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change showed it was possible to stop global warming if the world"s emissions start to decline before 2015.
小题1:Which of the following is the most important for whales and dolphins?
A.Rainfall | B.Krill | C.Sea ice cover | D.High sea level |
A.dolphins | B.krill | C.sea horses | D.sharks |
A.increase | B.control | C.protection | D.fall |
A.The Pacific Ocean | B.Asia. |
C.Two polar areas. | D.Equator. |
A.Climate change will lead to the changes in sea temperature. |
B.Climate change will result in the freshening of the sea water. |
C.Climate change will have a bad effect on human activities and whales. |
D.Human beings will forever have no ability to stop global warming. |
When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective.
Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package—blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm. The size of a product can attract a shopper.But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to.
It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 per cent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!
The most successful producers know that it’s not enough to have a good product.The founder of Pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote (推销) their goods, came to the conclusion: “Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.”
小题1:Which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a product according to the text?
A.The cost of its package. | B.The price of the product. |
C.The colour of its package. | D.The brand name of the product. |
A.attracted the customers strongly B.had weak effects on the customers
C.tricked the customers into shopping D.caused the customers to lose interest
小题3:Which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?
A.The way to promote goods. | B.The discovery of a genius. |
C.The team to produce a good product. | D.The brand name used by successful producers. |
A.Choice of Good Products | B.Disadvantages of Products |
C.Effect of Packaging on Shopping | D.Brand Names and Shopping Tricks |
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