题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
This even always occurs in April, during the week of the new moon so that the sky can be as dark as possible for the best viewing conditions.
“It is my wish that people could see the night sky without other light in the sky as our ancestors (祖先) saw it hundreds of years ago,” explains Barlow.
Since it only lasts a week and not everyone in the country will take part in it, how will the National Dark-Sky Week reduce light pollution? The main goal of NDSW is to increase awareness (意识) of the harmful effects of light pollution. It is not possible for all of the light pollution in this part of the world to disappear. However, it is possible to make a small difference in the quality of the night sky. Another goal of this even is to promote (促进) the use of better lighting systems that direct light toward the ground instead of up into the sky.
Jennifer Barlow states, “The night sky is a gift of such beauty that it should not be polluted by wasted light. In this way, our children will not lose touch with the wonder of our universe.”
小题1:This passage is mainly about ______________.
| A．better lighting systems | B．the beauty of the night sky |
| C．the harm of light pollution | D．the National Dark-Sky Week |
| A．It is becoming more and more popular in America. |
| B．The event was started in 2003 by Jennifer Barlow. |
| C．The event takes place in the first week of every April. |
| D．American people are supposed to turn off their lights during that week. |
| A．That light would be directed up into the sky. |
| B．That the sky would always be as dark as possible. |
| C．That people could see the night sky without light pollution as our ancestors did. |
| D．That people could spend time enjoying the beauty of the sky every night. |
| A．many people in America hate this event |
| B．it may be hard to reduce light pollution |
| C．the event should last a month every year |
| D．light will no longer pollute the sky soon |
| A．To promote the use of better lighting systems. |
| B．To help people realize the harm of light pollution. |
| C．To cause all the light pollution in America to disappear. |
| D．To help young children enjoy the wonder of our universe. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:D
解析
试题分析:
小题1:推理题，由第一段第一句The National Dark-Sky Week (NDSW) is a week during which people all over the United States turn off their lights to enjoy the beauty of the night sky without light pollution.是本文的主旨，故选D。
小题2:细节题。由第二段This even always occurs in April, during the week of the new moon so that the sky can be as dark as possible for the best viewing conditions.可以知道答案，所以选C。
小题3:细节题，由最后一段The night sky is a gift of such beauty that it should not be polluted by wasted light. In this way, our children will not lose touch with the wonder of our universe.可以知道答案，所以选D
小题4:推理题，由后面的句子The main goal of NDSW is to increase awareness (意识) of the harmful effects of light pollution. It is not possible for all of the light pollution in this part of the world to disappear.可以推出答案，所以选B
小题5:推理题，由最后一段最后一句In this way, our children will not lose touch with the wonder of our universe.可以推出答案，所以选D
点评：本文说明了美国的国际黑天周。对于细节题，要仔细阅读文章；推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
核心考点
试题【The National Dark-Sky Week (NDSW) is a week during which people all over the Uni】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
While Australia prides itself on its multicultural background, the government wants newcomers to integrate （同化）more fully . Form later this year, new immigrants will have to show an understanding of the English language. They will also be required to answer 20 questions from a list of 200. Anyone who gives fewer than 12 correct responses will not be accepted.
Immigrants will also have to accept what the government considers to be 10 important Australia values, including “mateship” and “giving people a fair go”. Other important Australia values are said to include tolerance, compassion, gender equality and freedom of speech.
The new citizenship application procedures are detailed in a 40-pages booklet（小册子）. It describes Australia as “a nation at ease with the world and itself” but says that newcomers are expected to respect its values. The booklet sums up mateship as voluntary helping and receiving help from others, especially in difficult times. The immigration Minister said they aimed to achieve a balance between ethnic diversity and social stability（稳定）, “particularly as we now draw people from so many different countries and so many different cultures”.
Critics have attacked the English language requirement, pointing out many immigrants could not speak English when they arrived. But the minister said, “We are trying to encourage people to learn English, because we think that is the way they will achieve their dreams in Australia.”
小题1:What’s new in Australia’s immigration policy?
| A．New immigrants will have to take a test |
| B．New immigrants should speak perfect English |
| C．New immigrants must bring enough money |
| D．New immigrants must be healthy |
| A．20 | B．12 | C．200 | D．10 |
| A．equality | B．freedom | C．fairness | D．friendship |
| A．To encourage new immigrants | B．To control the population |
| C．To promote Australia " values | D．To teach the English language |
Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts（工艺）practised in the British Isles. Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.
Thatching is a solitary（独自的）craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practised toady has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, keeping and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.
In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often unwilling to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to get the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defiance against the heat.
小题1:Which of the following remains a special feature of the English countryside?
| A．Narrow streets lined with pink or white houses. | B．Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings. |
| C．Cottages with thatched roofs. | D．Churches with cottages around them. |
| A．It is a collective activity. |
| B．It is practised on farms all over England. |
| C．It is quite different from what it used to be. |
| D．It is in most cases handed down among family members. |
| A．their style and comfort | B．their durability |
| C．their easy maintenance | D．their cheap and ready-made materials |
| A．thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction |
| B．thatched roof houses are the cheapest |
| C．thatch is an effective defense against the heat |
| D．they like thatched houses better than other buildings |
The Incas built the ancient civilization of Machu Picchu between the 12th century and the early 16th century．They spoke a language called Quechua but had no writing system at all．They kept records on various coloured strings with knots called quipu．
The Incas proved to be wonderful architects．They built most of their buildings with huge stones but without using any cement（粘结材料） to stick them together．However, the huge stones fit together so perfectly that you cannot force a sharp knife between two blocks．They also built bridges, tunnels through mountains and channels to bring water to their cities—just as the Romans did．The Incas turned the mountains into farmlands and planted corn and potatoes, and raised animals like llama and alpaca for food．
Now Machu Piccu has become a major tourist site in Peru, attracting people from all over the world．
小题1:How long ago was Machu Picchu discovered?
| A．About 20 years ago | B．About 50 years ago． |
| C．About 70 years ago | D．About a century ago． |
| A．strings | B．stones | C．cements | D．trees |
| A．roads | B．bridges | C．tunnels | D．channels |
| A．A visitor． | B．A guide． | C．A teacher． | D．A scientist． |
In spite of their small size, they are the best hunters among all the jungle people. Even the great elephant can be caught by them.
Since they do not plant any crops, Pygmies are constantly moving around. They seldom sleep in one camp for more than a few days. In their camps there is not furniture at all except for some weapons such as spears, bows and arrows. There are no cooking pots either. Food is eaten uncooked or smoked over a lire. So when the tribe moves to a new camp there is nothing to carry except these weapons and babies too small to walk.
Pymies can move on the tree tops almost as skillfully as monkeys. Often they travel great distances through the branches without touching the ground.
One of the surprising facts about these small men and women is their great appetite（食欲）. A Pygmy can eat up sixty bananas at a single meal besides quantities of meat. After eating, they will lie on their hard earth bed and groan（***）in all night. But in the morning, they are ready to eat the same amount of food or fight among themselves.
小题1:Pygmies are small in size, but they are brave in ______.
| A．hunting | B．shooting | C．eating | D．fighting with their enemies |
| A．they never walk on the ground | B．they can move on the top of trees |
| C．they always walk with sticks | D．they can hang from the branches |
| A．ask people to learn from Pygmies |
| B．help Pygmies go out of the forests |
| C．let us know the local condition and customs of the Pygmies |
| D．tell us the world is big and wide |
| A．that want to look after wild animals | B．they always walk with sticks |
| C．they plant no crops | D．they don’t sleep in one camp |
Study style
Since the 1950s, the Netherlands has had courses in English especially for foreign students. Students are expected to be critical of what they read and hear, and to be able of working independently. Foreign students will soon notice that at Dutch institutions for higher learning people are expected to do a lot of talking. The most common form of teaching is the seminar or working group, where a small group of students work under a teacher’s supervision to analyze（分析）a certain problem. On exams, they have to show that they know the material, and that they have formed well-founded opinions on the subject.
Accommodations（住宿）
If you are in an exchange programme or an international course, it is quite possible that a room will be arranged for you. Accept it immediately, or you will regret it later. That’s because finding a place to live in a country as crowded as the Netherlands is not easy.
Before you leave China, ask your host institution whether or not housing will indeed be arranged in advance. If you are in the Netherlands and still looking for a place, ask the international relations office or the student dean for advice.
Expences
Tuition: （学费）
Bachelor’s degree：about 2,500 euros a year
Master’s degree: 5,000-12,000 euros a year
Living expenses:
Experience has shown that a year in the Netherlands costs a Chinese
Student about 450-700 euros a month.
Here is a breakdown of average prices of supermarket goods:
Litre of milk: 0.5—0.8 euro
Kilo of apples: 1.5 euros
Shampoo, 400ml: 4 euros
Tube of toothpaste: 1 euro
Bed sheet: 20 euros
Other expenses:
Haircut: 15 euros
Air ticket to China: 600-800 euros
Mobile phone call(one minute): 0.1-0.3 euro
Phone call to China (with IP card): 7 euros(one minute)
Postage stamp in the Netherlands: 0.39 euro
Stamp for China: 0.78 euro
(1 euro-about 10 yuan)
Transportation
Trains, buses and trams run throughout the country.
If you really want to sample Dutch life, and get around quickly and easily, buy yourself a bicycle. Most students buy second-hand bicycles. A reasonable one will cost you 70-120 euros.
You can find them at second-hand bicycle shops or at the bicycle parking facilities near railway stations.
小题1:Teachers want foreign students to do much talking and analyzing in order to make them .
| A．get higher marks | B．pass exams easier |
| C．be able to work independently | D．get in close touch with each other |
| A．it is easier to find a room in Netherlands |
| B．it is difficult to find a room in Netherlands |
| C．your host institution will surely find a room for you |
| D．the international relations office can find a room for you |
| A．104,000 yuan | B．104,000 euros | C．174,000 yuan | D．134,000 euros |
| A．they can ride them fast and easily |
| B．bicycles are safe and comfortable for riding |
| C．bicycles are convenient and easy to park |
| D．bicycles are convenient and cheap |
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