题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed,experienced,discussed,and circulated. They could see the architectural monuments,sculptures(雕塑),plays,and poems that were being rediscovered,but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers,poets,essayists,and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example,the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors,painters,architects,and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore,music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?
A.The musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the European Renaissance. |
B.The musical techniques that were in use during the European Renaissance. |
C.The European Renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style. |
D.The ancient Greek and Roman musical practices used during the European Renaissance. |
A.1855 |
B.the period of the Renaissance |
C.the time of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome |
D.the time at which the author wrote the passage |
A.spirituality in everyday life |
B.communication among artists across Europe |
C.a cultural emphasis on human values |
D.religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes |
A.Its effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts. |
B.It was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences. |
C.It expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture,painting and poetry. |
D.It had the same effect on Renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed. |
A.It did not contain enough religious themes. |
B.It had little emotional impact on audiences. |
C.It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians. |
D.It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:B
解析
试题分析:文章介绍欧洲的文艺复兴,包括建筑,历史,艺术,也是一种文化发展包括音乐风格的改变,而音乐的复兴没有其他艺术的改革有效果。
小题1:主旨题:从文章第二段的句子:These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed,可知欧洲的文艺复兴是一种文化发展包括音乐风格的改变。选C
小题2:这篇文章讲的是文艺复兴时期的文化发展,这里now指的就是文艺复兴的时期。选B
小题3:细节题:从第一段的句子:To these scholars this meant a return to human—as opposed to spiritual values.可知文艺复兴时期的思想家追求的是强调人性的文化。选C
小题4:细节题:从第二段的句子:They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect.可以推断出希腊和罗马的音乐对听众的影响在很多经典的作品里面都有表现。选A
小题5:细节题:从第二段的句子:They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. 可知Bernardino Cirillo认为现代音乐没有古代音乐的影响力,所以很失望。选 。B
点评:文章介绍欧洲的文艺复兴,包括音乐风格的改变,而音乐的复兴的效果很不明显。文章内容有一定难度,但结构清楚,学生不难理解,以主旨题推理题的考查为主,解答此类题除了注意细节,也需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行的概括和判断。
核心考点
试题【The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the hist】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The cover was the only part of the book Steve Jobs wanted to control, writes Isaacson in his introduction. Though Mr. Jobs pushed the biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin to write in his own way, generously allowing the writer more than 40 interviews, this book offers quite a different view of Mr. Jobs, who won much praise from his fans after his death on October 5th at the age of 56.
As a biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin, Mr. Isaacson knows how to celebrate long-dead genius, but he claimed that "Steve Jobs" would not be entirely praiseful words. The picture he paints, particularly in the first half of this book, is not nice. Mr. Jobs emerges as a controlling and often cold-blooded character. A child of the 1960s counter-culture (反主流文化), he hated, materialism and lived in simply furnished houses ( in part because he was too particular about furniture). But when Apple went public in 1980, he refused to give any share to Daniel Kottke, a Iongtime supporter and soul mate from college. "He has to abandon the people he is close to," observes Andy Hertzfeld, an early Apple engineer.
Mr. Jobs was undoubtedly possessing an extraordinary ability to attract others and inspire a kind of faith that could not be questioned. But also he could be cold and cruel. If he disapproved of an employee"s work, he often shamed him. "This is who I am," he once said after being challenged,"and you can"t expect me to be someone I"m not. " This disgusting personality wasn"t always helpful,but it served a purpose, writes Mr. Isaacson, many would "end their chain of horror stories by saying that he got them to do things they never dreamed possible. "
Mr. Isaacson treats "Steve Jobs" as the biography of record, which means that it is a strange book to read so soon after its subject"s death.
小题1:The biography for Jobs is believed to have the perfect design because __
A.it follows Jobs" style |
B.its cover is entirely white |
C.black and white are his favorite . |
D.it is designed by a famous biographer |
①cruel ②humorous ③particular ④generous
A.①③ | B.②③ | C.①④ | D.③④ |
A.Jobs is highly spoken of in the book |
B.Isaacson doesn"t think Jobs a good man |
C.Jobs didn"t care about the design of the book |
D.all descriptions of Jobs are not nice in the book |
A.a personal diary | B.a book review | C.a news report | D.a TV interview |
First of all, what exactly is a spa? Traditionally, spas were places with a natural spring producing warm waters that could be used in hydrotherapy (水疗法) treatments. They were places where you “took the waters” --- meaning you drank some of the water or bathed in it.
But nowadays, a “spa” can mean a variety of things. In general, the term is often used to refer to commercial establishment that provides many services for health, fitness, weight loss, beauty and relaxation. This may include exercise classes, mud baths, body treatment, facials (美容), etc.
In Japan, traditional hot springs have attracted visitors for centuries. And thermal baths (温泉浴) have been found in the ruins of the Cretan Palace of Knossos (2000-1400 B.C.). It was the Romans who made spas popular in Europe. They established a number of towns around thermal waters. These include the English town of Aquae Sulis (which is called Bath today), and the Belgian town of Aquae Spadanae (which is known as Spa these days).
In the 18th century, spas became the fashionable places to go on holiday. Bath and Harrogate in the UK were popular with British rich people. And in Europe Carsbad (now called Larlovy Vary), Marienbad and Franzensbsf were Europe’s most important holiday centers.
A typical day in Carsbad in the 19th century went as follows. Visitors got up at 6:00 a.m. to take the waters and listen to music by a band. Next, came a light breakfast, a bath in the waters, and then lunch. In the afternoon, visitors went sightseeing, walked or attended concerts. After dinner, there were theatrical performances. Guests returned to their hotels at about 9 p.m. to rest until six the following morning. Visitors would stay for as long as a month. Some of the more famous patients at these spas included the composers Beethoven and Chopin, and the Russian writer Turgnev.
Marienbad was the best spa town. It was popular with the inventor Thomas Edison, the writer Johann Goethe, and many famous people and European emperors.
Today, although taking the waters isn’t as common as it used to be, spa treatments are more popular than ever.
小题1:What can we learn about a spa?
A.It makes profits mainly on facials. |
B.It is a center for rich people to relax. |
C.It provides more services than before. |
D.It is where one can get medical treatment. |
A.spas have a history of about 200 years |
B.Japan has more spas than any other countries |
C.the Romans played a positive part in the popularity of spas |
D.ordinary people could enjoy thermal baths in 18th-century UK |
A.many visitors had facials |
B.guests often stayed for at least a month |
C.Thomas Edison was a regular guest |
D.guests had a bath between breakfast and lunch |
A.The former name of Larlovy Vary was Carlsbad. |
B.Spa treatments are not so popular as before. |
C.Chopin visited Marienbad frequently. |
D.Marienbad is located in the UK. |
The numbers of words in Early Modern English and Late Modern English differ. Late Modern English has a lot more words because of two main factors(因素): firstly, the Industrial Revolution created a need for new words; secondly, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earth’s surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.
From around 1600, the English colonization(殖民地化)of North America resulted in the creation of American English. Some English pronunciation and words froze when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that the British call “ Americanisms” are in fact original (原先的)British expressions that were preserved (保存) in the colonies but were lost in Britain. Spanish also had an influence on American English, with words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante being examples of Spanish words that entered English. French words and West African words also influenced American English.
Today, American English is the most influential(有影响力的). But there are many other kinds of English around the world, including Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South African English , Indian English and Caribbean English. They have differences.
小题1:What can we know from Paragraph 1?
A.The dialect of London became the standard in the year 1604. |
B.Vowels were pronounced longer towards the end of Middle English |
C.The first English dictionary was published in the early 17th century. |
D.Many new words entered English because many people moved to Britain. |
A.required spelling and grammar to be fixed |
B.required a greater number of English words |
C.caused many old English words to be useless |
D.led to the English colonization of North America. |
A.became longer |
B.greatly changed |
C.a little changed |
D.stayed as they were |
A.The development of Modern English |
B.How the English vocabulary became larger |
C.Differences among the different kinds of English |
D.Differences between Middle English and Modern English |
As China plays a more and more important role in the world economy, the Chinese language is forever developing, attracting more attention from people who want to understand this ancient yet lively language.
For instance, the word “shanzhai” is used to describe the countless knockoffs(名牌仿制品)of iPhones or designer bags imprinted with Louis Vuitton logos.
Another new term in the new edition is the word “fangnu”, or a “mortgage slave” —a term used to describe the phenomenon in large cities where well-educated youth complain of a miserable existence due to the heavy burden of a home mortgage.
All these new or often fashionable terms can be found in the new Oxford English –Chinese, Chinese-English dictionary that was unveiled(公布于众的)in the recently concluded Beijing International Book Fair last week.
The dictionary now is available for retail sales since the beginning of this month.This dictionary is the largest single volume English-Chinese, Chinese-English dictionary and contains 670,000 words and phrases after five years of preparation.Sixty editors from the Oxford University Press and its partner in China—the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press—worked together on the project.According to Julie Kleeman, the dictionary’s chief editor, most of the firm’s editors were Chinese, while about one fourth were native-English speakers.
“We don’t want to make it florid(绚丽的), we want it to be modern and conversational...many of the words in the present dictionary are no longer in use,” said Kleeman.“The need for studying Chinese by foreigners today is totally different from decades ago...Precise, native and practical—that is our main advantage,” she said.
Kleeman said newer publications updates will be available only for the online version as language often changes too quickly for book versions to keep pace.The online version will also offer a Chinese phonetic pronunciation guide.The online version, allowing access via different platforms from the PC to the iPad, will be ready “as soon as possible”, Kleeman said.
小题1: According to the above passage, we learn that ________.
A.knockoffs can be found in China but not very often. |
B.the Oxford University Press made the dictionary without outside aid. |
C.most Chinese editors are also native speakers of English. |
D.well-educated youth in China’s big cities have difficulty buying houses. |
A.book versions can’t keep up with the changes of language. |
B.the computer network is available everywhere. |
C.book versions can’t offer a Chinese phonetic pronunciation guide. |
D.computer technology like the PC and the iPad keeps pace with language. |
A.New Chinese terms like “shanzhai” and “fangnu” have got into Oxford Dictionary. |
B.The latest Oxford English-Chinese, Chinese-English Dictionary is on the market. |
C.Oxford Dictionary has become more fashionable due to the Chinese language. |
D.Beijing International Book Fair was where the new Oxford Dictionary was published |
Some of the effects of colors are well known and accepted by most people. In fact, those effects have been the subject of serious research and experiments and have been scientifically proven. But not all scientists agree on the validity (正确性) of the results.
When we become interested in the psychological effects of colors, it is important to know that not all societies share our opinion of those effects on our emotions. What we hold as an "objective" observation on a color is often nothing more than a reflection of our cultural belongingness, which has attributed properties to that color for generations.
Why is it not possible for us to hold a really objective discourse(论述)on the subject? In part, because it is very difficult to separate the psychological from the symbolic, the symbolic aspects are definitely cultural. Often, and this without our realizing it, they influence our understanding of colors and the following emotions - both psychological aspects. Black and white are good examples. In western countries, black is considered serious, dramatic and sometimes sad. People are warned against its potentially depressing effects on decoration. Black is the traditional color of mourning. White, on the other hand, is associated with purity, peace and optimism. For those reasons, white is the traditional color of bridal dresses. No one would think of attending a funeral in white. Any more than it would occur to a bride to wear black. We simply remain convinced that it is not in the "nature" of those colors. Yet, in certain oriental countries, it is white, not black that is the color of mourning.
That having been said, there is some “overlapping” in the properties different cultures attribute to certain colors. For example, Feng Shui, the traditional Chinese philosophy that distinguishes between good and evil influences explains colors much in the same way as the majority of western color specialists. Is that to say that colors have real natural properties which all humans perceive(感知) in the same way or is the phenomenon an example of the cross-influences that affect the thinking of cultures brought closer to one another by a certain Venetian(威尼斯人) called Marco Polo? It is difficult to say.
But, be that as it may, colors do affect us. And if you feel emotions for a certain color, note them and remember them. You may even wish to consider them next time you are planning to decorate. The decision is yours!
小题1: Most of the time, we ignore ______ when choosing colors for decoration.
A.personal taste | B.our aesthetics |
C.cultural effects | D.psychological effects |
A.Because it is often nothing more than a reflection of our cultural belongingness. |
B.Because the colors have the properties for generations. |
C.Because it is difficult to separate the psychological from the cultural. |
D.Because the symbolic aspects influence our perception of colors. |
A.difference | B.conflict | C.sameness | D.agreement |
A.preferred by bridals | B.used in a funerals sometimes |
C.depressing in decoration | D.pure in its nature |
A.Different cultures can have the same properties of colors. |
B.If you feel emotions for a color, note them and remember them. |
C.All humans perceive colors’ natural properties in the same way. |
D.Marco Polo disclosed the psychological effects of colors. |
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