题目
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daughters than their plainer counterparts, according to a study.
As parents tend to pass on genes that determine looks, this could result in handsome men becoming
rather thin on the ground. 2 For example, Yasmin Le Bon is signed to the same modelling agency
as daughter Amber, and Jerry Hall"s daughters Elizabeth and Georgia Jagger have both taken to the
catwalk.
Dr Satoshi Kanazawa, of the London School of Economics, analysed data from a survey of 17,000
babies born in Britain in March 1958 and tracked them throughout their lives. 3 When they reached
45, they were asked about the gender of any children they had.
Those rated as attractive were equally likely to have a son or daughter as their first child - but the
unattractive sorts were more likely to have a son. 4
Dr Kanazawa believes that parents tend to produce children who benefit from their own
features. 5 So it pays for attractive women to have daughters.But couples blessed with strength
and aggression rather than looks are better off having boys, as these characteristics are of more use to
males.
children than plain ones.
B.Single girls have always complained that good-looking men are difficult to find.
C.Beauty is of more benefit to a woman than a man.
D.At the age of seven, their attractiveness was rated by their teachers.
E.Put another way, the beautiful women were more likely to have daughters.
F.And it may also explain why many models have daughters who follow in their fascinating footsteps.
G.Famously good-looking parents like Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes are more likely to have girls than
uglier couples.
答案
核心考点
举一反三
research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists (考古学家) says.In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread
concern” about the issue.It centres on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age.The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and
cultural significance.
"Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied,
whether after a standard period of two years or further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice." they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC.Archaeologists have been granted a
temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the
ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago.If
human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first
indication of what this species was.Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be
reburied and effectively destroyed.
Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and
historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains.The Ministry of Justice
assured archaeologist two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.
Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: "Archaeologists have been
extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer."
The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.
1.According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _____.
A.it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
B.it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
C.it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
D.it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
B.Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.
C.Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.
D.Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.
3.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?
A.The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.
B.The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.
C.The law on human remains hasn"t changed in recent decades.
D.The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.
4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands
B.Research time should be extended, scientists require
C.Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say
D.Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archaeologists warn
at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have seven or eight children, of whom four or five
lived till they were five years old and up. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have
been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which chance and health
made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually
a woman"s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another
thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until sixty.
This important change in women"s life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women"s
economic (经济的) position. Even a few years ago most girls left school and took a full-time job.
However, when they married their school-leaving age is sixteen. Many girls stay at school after that
age, and though women marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before
their first child is born. Many more afterwards return to fuller part-time work. Such changes have led
to a new relationship in marriage (婚姻), with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and
satisfactions of family life.
B. seven or eight children lived to be more than five
C. the youngest child would be fifteen
D. four or five children died when they were five
B. does not like children herself
C. needn"t worry about food for her children
D. can be free from family duties when she reaches sixty
B. leave school as soon as they can
C. marry so that they can get a job
D. continue working until they are going to have a baby
B. marry men younger than themselves
C. start working again in life
D. marry while still at school
B. helps his wife by doing much of the housework
C. feels dissatisfied with his part in the family
D. takes a part-time job so that he can help in the home
One of the strongest arguments for the raising of the school leaving age(ROSLA)has been that it will
bring us some way nearer to"equality of opportunity".
Many people like to think of our present system of schooling as providing plenty of steps up the
ladder of success for clever children. It would be good to think that no one who is really bright can be
missed out when the state system is obviously so complete. It is obvious, for instance, that many children
from less wealthy homes reach university or do well in other ways.
Unfortunately we now have plenty of proofs that many children of every level of ability do much less
well than they could. For instance, during the years of national military service it was possible to test the
intelligence(智力)of all male 18 - to - 20 - year - olds. Half of those soldiers who were placed in the two
highest ability groups had left school at 15.
It has also been shown that the percentage of working class children going to university is almost the
same now as it was in 1939. One study of 5,000 children from birth to 21 years old shows that up to half
the bright pupils from working class homes left school when they reached 16 years old. Moreover, there is no difference in intelligence between the sexes, but far more boys than girls stay in education after 16.
It is clear from this and many other proofs that many children are still leaving school too early to benefit from the prizes-money, social respectability, and interesting jobs-which higher education gives. It is clear
too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social background. Their parents
often need the extra money another money-earner would bring in; they don"t value education for itself
because their own was probably dull and unhappy. It is not so much that they force their sons and
daughters to leave school, rather that they tend to say, "it"s up to you".
1. It is hoped that ROSLA will give all children .
A. a more enjoyable time at school
B. the same chances in society
C. the right to a better school
D. higher scores in intelligence tests
2. People would like to think that .
A. equal numbers of poor and wealthy children reach university
B. those with the least money get the best education
C. intelligent children are always selected by the system
D. only really clever children do well
3. Working class children are thought to be at a disadvantage because .
A. many of the clever ones leave school early
B. fewer go to university than ever before
C. more than half leave school when they are 16
D. fewer boys than girls stay at school after 16
4. Many children leave school early because .
A. their social background makes them unhappy
B. they have to give something to their family"s income
C. their school is a dull and unhappy place
D. their parents don"t allow them to make their own decisions
5. This article shows that equal opportunity in education .
A. is a thing of the past
B. has not yet been achieved
C. is there for those who deserve(值得拥有)it
D. has greatly improved our society
will bring us some way nearer to"equality of opportunity".
Many people like to think of our present system of schooling as providing plenty of steps up the
ladder of success for clever children.It would be good to think that no one who is really bright can
be missed out when the state system is obviously so complete.It is obvious, for instance, that many
children from less wealthy homes reach university or do well in other ways.
Unfortunately we now have plenty of proofs that many children of every level of ability do much
less well than they could.For instance, during the years of national military service it was possible
to test the intelligence(智力)of all male 18 - to - 20 - year - olds. Half of those soldiers who were
placed in the two highest ability groups had left school at 15.
It has also been shown that the percentage of working class children going to university is almost
the same now as it was in 1939.One study of 5,000 children from birth to 21 years old shows that
up to half the bright pupils from working class homes left school when they reached 16 years old.
Moreover, there is no difference in intelligence between the sexes, but far more boys than girls stay
in education after 16.
It is clear from this and many other proofs that many children are still leaving school too early to
benefit from the prizes-money, social respectability, and interesting jobs-which higher education gives.
It is clear too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social background.
Their parents often need the extra money another money-earner would bring in; they don"t value
education for itself because their own was probably dull and unhappy.It is not so much that they
force their sons and daughters to leave school, rather that they tend to say, "it"s up to you".
B.the same chances in society
C.the right to a better school
D.higher scores in intelligence tests
B.those with the least money get the best education
C.intelligent children are always selected by the system
D.only really clever children do well
B.fewer go to university than ever before
C.more than half leave school when they are 16
D.fewer boys than girls stay at school after 16
B.they have to give something to their family"s income
C.their school is a dull and unhappy place
D.their parents don"t allow them to make their own decisions
B.has not yet been achieved
C.is there for those who deserve(值得拥有)it
D.has greatly improved our society
Today, the world is rapidly urbanizing. With half of the world population expected to live in cities by
the early part of the 21st century, the Shanghai 2010 World Expo"s focus on a better city bears
profound meaning.
What might future cities look like 28 years from now? Here are some scenarios: things to come, things
to go.
Zero waste
Waste disposal is one of the biggest headaches for cities.Apart from recyclable waste, everything is
buried or incinerated, only to pollute the environment.Plastic waste remains underground for several
decades.The world produces much more garbage that it can dispose of.
Now at the Expo, all waste is delivered to a compression station where the waste is sorted, filtered,
decontaminated, deodorized and compressed before finally being disposed of at designated spots.In
Beijing, people living in the Asuwei area turn their household waste into organic fertilizers which are
used to grow plants at residence communities.
No more transportation problems during Spring Festival
The Spring Festival, the most important Chinese holiday when everyone returns home, has caused
headaches for millions of Chinese.More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making obtaining
travel tickets and the journey difficult.
But in 28 years.Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all.China plans to have more than
120,000 kilometers of railway and a rapid transportation network that will serve 90 percent of the
population by 2020.And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other
places to find a job, so migration will no longer be so large-scale.
Newspapers to disappear
American scholar Philip Meyer predicts that newspaper will come to an end in 2043.Utagawa
Reizou, former editor-in-chief of The Mainichi Daily News.believes that the newspaper will be gone
in 2030. This kind of prediction may worry those in print news business. In the U.K., the circulations
of national newspapers are declining. Major Japanese newspapers have gone into debt. In the US,
declining circulations and ad revenues have forced several newspapers to stop printing paper
Editions
Media tycoon Rupert Murdoch thinks the future of media relies on interaction through the Internet.
In the future, digital newspapers will be sent to portal web terminals through wirelessly.Readers can
discuss issues with journalists and editors.Information will move faster.
Oil to run out
In August 2009, Fatih Birol, chief economist of the International Energy Agency, said that oil is
running out faster than expected and that the world will likely feel the tightness in supply in the next five
years. Scientists have found substitutes for oil as fuel,coal,natural gas,solar power, nuclear power and
even water can replace oil as sources of energy.Flammable ice reserves alone can support humans for
the next 1,000 years.
1.By now, the world population in cities has grown to about _____.
A. 6.9 billion
B. 0.75 billion
C. 3.5 billion
D. 1.3 billion
2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Everything buried or incinerated, besides recyclable waste, pollutes the environment.
B. People deal with their household waste in an environmental-friendly way in the Asuwei area, Beijing.
C. More than 2 billion people suffer from headaches during the Spring Festival in China.
D. By 2020, 90 percent of the population will have to go to other places to find a job.
3.According to the American predictor Philip Meyer, what will happen in 2043?
A. Newspaper will disappear.
B. Japan has to stop printing newspaper.
C. Digital newspaper will be sent to portal web terminals.
D. Information will move faster.
4._____ can replace oil as sources of energy in the future.
A. Coal and natural gas
B. Solar power and nuclear power
C. Water and flammable ice reserves
D. All the above
5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Shanghai 2010 World Expo
B. What will city life be like in 28 years
C. A rapidly urbanizing world
D. Things to come, things to go
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