题目
题型:湖北省同步题难度:来源:
the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.
Grimsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different
is that it lies under a huge glacier(冰川) of ice up to 12 meters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice
above it, which then forms a layer(层)of water between the glacier and the volcano.This layer of water
puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable. As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(岩浆) from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.
Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash.
According to KLM,one of Europe"s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going
through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane"s engines, causing damage to the plane.
The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp glasslike
rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating
ashcovered grass or the sharp object.
1.What makes Grimsvom different from other volcanoes?
A.It is below ice.
B.It lies under the sea.
C.It is the largest volcano.
D.Its lava affects the airlines.
2.What keeps Grimsvom still?
A.The slow flow of water.
B.The low water temperature.
C.The thick glacier.
D.The water pressure.
3.Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption?
A.People stop traveling in Europe.
B.Airlines suffer from the loss of planes.
C.It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside.
D.Farmers have lost many of their animals.
4.This text is most probably taken from________.
A.a research paper
B.a newspaper report
C.a class presentation
D.a geography textbook
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Air】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
By generating the proper brainwaves-picked up by a cap with electrodes(电极)that sense the signals
and reflect a person"s instructions-scientists can instruct a humanoid robot to move to specific locations
and pick up certain objects.
The commands are limited to moving forward, picking up one of two objects and bringing it to one of
two locations.The researchers have achieved 94 percent accuracy between the thought commands and
the robot"s movements.
"This is really a proofofconcept demonstration, "said Rajesh Rao, a researcher from the University of
Washington who leads the project."It suggests that one day we might be able to use semiautonomous
robots for such jobs as helping disabled people or performing routine tasks in a person"s home."
The person wearing the electrode cap watches the robot"s movement on a computer screen through
two cameras installed on and above the robot.
When the robot"s cameras see the objects that are to be picked up they pass on the information to the
user"s computer screen.Each object lights up randomly on the computer screen.When a person wants
something to be picked up and it happens to light up, the brain registers surprise and sends this brain
activity to the computer and then to the robot as the choice object.The robot then proceeds to pick up
the object.
A similar program is used to decide where the robot will go.
"One of the important things about this demonstration is that we"re using a "noisy" brain signal to
control the robot, "Rao said."That means we can only obtain brain signals indirectly from sensors on the
surface of the head, and not where they are generated deep in the brain.As a result, the user can only
generate highlevel commands such as indication which object to pick up or which location to go to, and
the robot needs to be autonomous enough to be able to execute such commands."
In the future, the researchers hope to make the robot more adaptive to the environment by having
them carry out more complex commands.
1. What is special about the robot introduced in the passage?
A. It is controlled by human thoughts.
B. It can be made humanoid.
C. It can be used to help the disabled.
D. It has high intelligence itself.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the robot?
A. It can move forward and backward and pick up two objects at the same time.
B. It can move forward, pick up both objects and bring them to either location.
C. It can only move forward, pick up one object and put it in one location.
D. It can read all human thoughts and do as instructed.
3. What Rao says in the eighth paragraph suggests that the new robot________.
A. is still at its early stage of development
B. will be widely used in our daily routines soon
C. is autonomous enough to complete complex commands
D. is only limited to doing routine work at home
4. The sixth paragraph mainly describes________.
A. how the robot controls a person"s action
B. how the robot picks up the right object
C. how the person controls the robot
D. how the robot finds out where to go
psychology professor David DeSteno, and his colleagues, who are conducting a research to determine
how humans decide to trust strangers.
The interdisciplinary(跨学科的)research project, funded by the National Science Foundation(NSF),
is being conducted together with Cynthia Breazeal, director of the MIT Media Lab"s Personal Robots
Group, Robert Frank, an economist, and David Pizarro, a psychologist, both from Cornell.
The researchers are examining whether gestures could affect our trustworthiness judgments. "People
tend to mimic(模仿)each other"s body language, "said De Steno, "which might help them develop
intuitions(直觉)about what other people are feeling."
This project tests their theories by having humans interact with the social robot, Nexi, in an attempt to
judge her trustworthiness. Without knowing the participants, Nexi has been programmed to make
gestures while speaking with selected participants-gestures that the team thinks could determine whether
or not she"s considered trustworthy.
During the first part of the experiment, Nexi makes small talk with them for 10 minutes, asking and
answering questions about topics such as traveling, where they"re from and what they like most about
living in Boston.
"The goal was to create a normal conversation with accompanying movements to see what the mind
would intuitively(直觉地)collect about the trustworthiness of another, "said DeSteno.
The participants then play an economic game called "Give Some", which asks them to determine how
much money Nexi might give them at the expense of her individual profit. Meanwhile, they decide how
much, if any, they"ll give to Nexi. The rules of the game allow for two distinct outcomes:higher individual
profit for one and loss for the other, or relatively smaller and equal profits for both partners.
"Trust mightn"t be determined by only one gesture, but rather a "dance" that happens between the
strangers, which leads them to trust or not trust the other, " said DeSteno, who will continue testing their
theories by seeing if Nexi can be taught to predict the trustworthiness of human partners.
1. How many fields does the research involve?
A. Two fields.
B. Three fields.
C. Four fields.
D. Five fields.
2. According to the text, the researchers focused on ________.
A. the writing communication
B. the voice communication
C. the gesturebased communication
D. the online communication
3. According to the text, the first part of the experiment is to ________.
A. create a special conversation
B. intuitively watch the trustworthiness
C. accompany the robot closely
D. play an economic game
4. The underlined word "dance" in the last paragraph means ________.
A. the gestures from each other
B. a kind of entertainment
C. a simple gesture
D. one person"s gestures
human beings.
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities.It is caused mainly by
industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines.Such noises are added to natural sounds.These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land.A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears.In water, a decibel level of one hundred and
ninetyfive would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans.They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some
animals.
The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose
their hearing.This seriously affected the whales" ability to exchange information and find their way.Some
of the whales even died.The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty
decibels.They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals.However,
many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed.They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A. The sound of a car.
B. The sound of voices.
C. Manmade noise pollution.
D. The sound of steps.
2. According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT________.
A. sounds made by animals themselves
B. ocean drilling
C. underwater earthquakes
C. the breaking of ice fields
3. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?
A. The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.
B. Different places may have different types of noises.
C. The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.
D. Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.
4. According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
A. They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.
B. They will protect animals from harmful noises.
C. They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.
D. They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.
and street features that appear in the photo.The hyperlinks lead to information about the history, services
and context of all the features in the photo.You have just hyperlinked your reality.
That might be a little unbelievable, but the technology exists and is no fevered imagination.This is not a
cool small machine invented for the next James Bond movie; this is a working technology just developed
by European researchers.It could be coming to a phone near you, and soon.
This, as the marketing types say, is a game changer.It develops a completely new interface (界面)
that combines webtechnology with the real world.It is big and fresh, but it goes much further and has
much greater influence.
The development of the system is most outstanding because image recognition technology has long
been pregnant with promise, but seemed to suffer from an unending labour.
Now MOBVIS has not only developed image recognition; it has also developed more applications for
the technology; and it has adapted it to the world"s most popular technology: the mobile phone.
The MOBVIS system completely rewrites the rules for exploration and interaction with your physical
environment.The system begins with panoramas (一连串景象). These panoramas form the basis of a
city database.It can match buildings, towers, banners and even logos that appear in the panoramas. A
user simply takes a picture of the street feature, MOBVIS compares the user"s photograph to the
panoramas and then identifies the buildings from the picture you take and the relevant links are returned.
Then you simply click on the links, using a touchscreen phone, and the MOBVIS system will provide
information on the history, art, architecture or even the menu, if it is a restaurant, of the building in question.
1. Which is introduced in the passage?
A. A new game software.
B. A popular mobile phone.
C. A cool small machine.
D. An image recognition system.
2. What can we learn about the new technology?
A. It can only be put into use on mobile phones.
B. It is a little unbelievable and just a fevered imagination.
C. It has taken an unending labour to bring the technology into our lives.
D. It will encourage the users to take more pictures of the street features.
3. What is the right order of the operation of MOBVIS?
a. A city database forms in the system.
b. MOBVIS recognizes the picture and links are returned.
c. A user touches the links on the phone screen.
d. A user takes a picture of the street feature.
e. MOBVIS provides information in question.
A. a; e; c; d; b
B. a; d; b; c; e
C. d; c; e; a; b
D. c; a; e; b; d
4. From the passage, we can infer that________.
A. MOBVIS has already been widely used all over the world
B. the writer is trying to promote the sales of the MOBVIS system
C. this new technology will soon be very popular in our lives
D. the sales of mobile phones will decrease as MOBVIS comes on market
paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology (生物技术). With the help of new medicine, the human body will last a very long time.Death will come mainly from accidents, murder and
war.Today"s leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging itself, will become distant memories.
In discussion of technological changes, the Internet gets most of the attention these days.But the
change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.How long can humans live? Human
brains were known to decide the final death.Cells are the basic units of all living things, and until recently,
scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials
of cells, such as those of brain cells, would not last forever.But the upper limits will be broken by new
medicine.Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every
10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs.The medicine, made up of the
basic building materials of life, will build new brain cells, heart cells, and so on-in much the same way our
bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of
human existence, but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
1. According to the passage, human death is now mainly caused by ________.
A. diseases and aging
B. accidents and war
C. accidents and aging
D. heart disease and war
2. In the author"s opinion, today"s most important advance in technology lies in ________.
A. medicine
B. the Internet
C. brain cells
D. human organ
3. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
A. heart disease will be far away from us
B. human brains can decide the final death
C. the basic materials of cells will last forever
D. human organs can be repaired by new medicine
4. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
A. Over 100 years.
B. More than 120 years.
C. About 150 years.
D. The passage doesn"t tell us.
5. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B. humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C. much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D. we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells
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