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Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization, covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization. These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar(独有) to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.
The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a double function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization, and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.
In Part Ⅱ, a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports — Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under which all reports can be classified.
Two other extensive changes have been made in Part Ⅱ: The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.
1.The passage is most probably a preface to ____.
A. a technical writing handbook   B. a handbook on composition
C. a book on a literary writing    D. a scientific paper
2. In Part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order of ____.
 A. Introduction—Organization—Special Problems—Style—Nonformal Reports
 B. Introduction—Style—Organization—Special Types of Reports—Mechanics
 C. Introduction—Style—Organization—Mechanics—Special Problems
 D. Introduction—Style—Proposals—Special Problems—Mechanics
3.You can find some writing exercises in ____.
 A. the chapter on Organization        B. the chapter on Style
 C. the chapter on Special Problems     D. the chapter on Proposals
4. According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information appears in ____ of the book.
 A. Part Ⅰ of the first edition
 B. Part Ⅱ of the second edition
 C. Part Ⅰ of the second edition
 D. Part Ⅱ of the third edition
5. Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱ of the new edition?
 A. There isn’t the chapter on Special Types of Reports.
 B. The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.
 C. The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.
 D. There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.
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试题【.Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Org】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三

If you look up the word “create” in the dictionary, you will find it means “to brig into being to cause to exist something each of us does daily.”
We are creative whenever we look at or think about something in a new way. First this involves an awareness of our surroundings. It means using all of our sonses to become aware of our world. This may be as simple as being aware of color and texture(质地), as well as taste, when we plan a meal. Above all, it is the ability to notice things that others might miss.
A second part of creativity is an ability to see relationships among things. If we believe the expression, “There is nothing new under the sun, the creativity is remaking or recombining(***) the old in new ways.” For example, we might do this by finding a more effective way to study or a better way to arrange our furniture, or we might make a new combination of camera lenses and filters to create an unusual photograph.
A third part of creativity is the courage and drive to make use of our new ideas, to apply them to achieve some new results. To think up a new concept is one thing; to put the idea to work is another.
These three parts of creativity are involved in all the great works of genius, but they are also involved in many of our day-to-day activities.
64.Which of the following activities is NOT a creative one according to the passage?
A.To prepare a meal.
B.To arrange the furniture in a peculiar way.
C.To buy some books from a bookstore.
D.To “write” a letter with the computer.
65.“There is nothing new under the sun.” (Par.3) really implies that ____.
A.a new thing can only be created at the basis of earlier things
B.a new thing is only a tale
C.we can seldom create new things
D.we can scarcely see really new things in the world
66.What does the author think about the relationship between a new thought and its being put into
practice?
A.It´s more difficult to create a new thought than to apply it in practice.
B.To find a new thought will definitely lead to the production of a new thing.
C.A man with an excellent ability of practice can easily become an inventor.
D.One may come up with a new thought, but can not put it into practice.
67.The best title for this passage is ____.
A.How to Cultivate One´s Creativity      
B.What is Creativity
C.The Importance of Creativity            
D.Creativity, a Not Farway Thing
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Schools across the country are turning green. So-called green schools are built from recycled and environmentally friendly materials. They are designed to use less energy than traditional school buildings. In the next few years, Southern California alone plans to open 150 green schools. Studies have shown that there are good reasons to go green, including good air quality that cuts down on asthma(哮喘)attacks and airborne germs that can cause illnesses. Students learn better in classrooms that have natural light and ideal temperatures. Green schools have lower energy bills. Go On, Get Green
     Here’s how to save energy and help the environment.
Light Savers
     Turn off the lights in a room when it is not in use. This bright idea can produce big savings on energy costs. Some schools use sensors that automatically shut off the lights when there is no motion in a room.
Heat Smart
     Your school’s thermostat(温度调节器)should be set to 78℃in warm weather and 68℃in cooler weather. The temperature can be even farther from the comfort zone at night and on weekends, when no one is using the school building.
 Reuse, Recycle
     Reuse paper, cans, bottles and batteries. Use both sides of notebook paper. Carry a lunch box rather than a paper bag. Recycle whatever you can reuse.
Don’t Drip(滴水)
     Leaky taps can waste large amounts of water. A small, steady flow can add up to hundreds of gallons a year. Report drips if you see them.
小题1:What is the best title for the passage?
     
A.Green Schools.B.Reusing and Recycling.C.Light Savers.D.No Dripping.
小题2:Some schools are called green schools because ______.
    
A.they are built from new materialsB.they are painted green
C.there are more trees in these schoolsD.they are built from recycled materials
小题3:All of the following are advantages of a green school EXCEPT __________.
A.the air quality of the school is great
B.the temperature is comfortable
C.the school has lower energy bills than a traditional school
D.it is more beautiful than a traditional school
小题4:In a green school, students will ________.
    
A.use both sides of their notebook paperB.not use lights at all
C.use paper bags to carry food D.get sick more easily

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Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviour when they are watched. Do you?
A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.
Manfred Milinski from the Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin, the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour. Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and people respond this way unconsciously, or without realizing it.
It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched. A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish. When other fish are around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.
The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption "I Want You" It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.
小题1:According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?
A.He does not want to be shamed by others.
B.He needs to show he is a good person.
C.He desires others to like him more.
D.He feels he will receive some social reward.
小题2:What is the text mainly about?
A.It describes changed behaviour when observed.
B.It details ways to control people"s behaviour.
C.It tells how to make people work harder.
D.It discusses different advertising methods.
小题3:Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?
A.In a newspaper.
B.In a scientific journal.
C.In an advertising magazine.
D.In a science textbook.

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Solar energy for your home is coming. It can help you as a single home owner. It can help the whole country as well. Whether or not solar energy can save your money depends on many things. Where you live is one factor. The type of home you have is another. Things like insulation(绝缘) present energy costs and the type of system you buy are added factors.
Using solar energy can help save our precious fuel. As you know, our supplies of oil and gas are very limited. There is just not enough on hand to meet all our future energy needs. And when Mother Nature says that’s all, the only way we can delay hearing those words is by starting to save energy now and by using other sources, like the sun.
We won’t have to worry about the sun’s running out of energy for another several billion years or so. Besides begin an endless source of energy, the use of the sun has other advantages as well. The sun doesn’t offer as many problems as other energy sources. For example, fossil fuel plants add to already high pollution levels. With sola energy, we will still need sources of energy, but we won’t need as much. That means we can cut down on our pollution problems.
With all these good points, why don’t we use more solar power? There are many reasons for this. The biggest reason is money. Until now, it was just not practical for a home owner to put in a solar unit. There were cheaper sources of energy. All this is changing now. Solar costs are starting to equal the costs of oil and electricity. Experts say that gas, oil and electricity prices will continue to rise. The demand for electricity is increasing rapidly. But new power plants will use more gas, oil or coal. Already in some places the supply of electricity is being rationed. Solar energy is now in its infancy. It could soon grow to become a major part of our nation’s energy supply.
57. Which statement best expresses the main idea?
A. Something about Solar Energy and Pollution.        B. Solar Energy.
C. Energy and Pollution                                           D. Energy and Money
58. Solar energy can help us save ____.
A. the earth and nature resources                                  B. mother nature
C. the sun                                                                     D. our precious fuel
59. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Energy from coal would not pollute our living environment.
B. Energy from natural gas would not pollute our living environment.
C. Energy from the sun would not pollute our living environment.
D. Energy from oil would not pollute our living environment.
60. Solar energy is in its infancy, ____.
A. but it will be considered as an important part of our nation’s energy supply
B. yet we will build more power plants
C. and the supply of electricity will be rationed
D. but we don’t need practice energy rationing now
题型:不详难度:| 查看答案

In 1993, researchers at the University of California at Irvine discovered the so – called “Mozart Effect” – that college students who listened to ten minutes of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D major (D大调) before taking an IQ test scored nine points higher than when they had sat in silence or listened to relaxation tapes. Other studies also have indicated that people gain information better if they hear classical or baroque (a style of art) music while studying.
It is said that Albert Einstein was an average student until he began playing the violin. "Before that, he had a hard time expressing what he knew," says Hazel Cheilek, orchestra director at Fairfax County"s Thomas Jefferson High School. “Einstein said he got some of his greatest inspirations while playing the violin. It liberated his brain so that he could imagine." In the early 1700s, England"s King George I also felt he would make better decisions if he listened to good music. Reportedly, Handel responded by composing his Water Music suites to be played while the king floated the Thames on his royal boat. Even Plato in ancient Greece believed studying music created a sense of order and harmony necessary for intelligent thought.
The deepest effects take place in young children, while their brains are growing. This year, the same researchers at Irvine’s Center for Neurobiology of Leaming and Memory found that preschoolers who had received eight months of music lessons scored 80 percent higher on certain tasks than other youngsters who received no musical training.
Music students continue to beat their non – arts peers (同龄人) on the SAT, according to the 1999 “Profiles of SAT and Achievement Test Takers” from The College Board. Students with coursework in music appreciation scored 42 points higher on the math section of the test than students with no coursework or experience in the arts.
All of this to say "you are the judge" but listening to Mozart certainly won"t hurt you. My point always is that making music is preferable to passive listening and that listening to live music is always preferable to listening to recorded music. Mozart WILL NOT raise your IQ, but it might help you organize your thoughts better before taking a standardized test.
63.When people mention Albert Einstein, King George I and Plato, they believe that the effect of music is_______.
A.positive    B.negative    C.suspicious D.sensitive
64.So far researchers at the University of California at Irvine have done studies about_______.
A.college students who listen to rock music every day
B.people who hear classical music while studying
C.preschoolers with music lessons
D.music students in SAT
65.Which of the following is an opinion rather than a fact?
A.Handel composed Water Music to be played while the kind floated the Thames on his boat.
B.Mozart might help you organize your thought better before taking a standardized test.
C.Preschoolers with music training scored higher on object – assembly tasks.
D.Music students continue to beat their non – arts peers on the SAT.
66.What is the author’s opinion about music?
A.He thinks that listening to music is better than making music.
B.He has a doubt whether listening to Mozart will hurt the listeners.
C.He is sure that listening to the music of Mozart will raise people’s IQ.
D.He thinks that live concert is better worth listening to than recorded music.
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