题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
When people or animals get hurt, they can usually compensate for minor injuries and keep limping along, but for robots, even slight damage can make them stumble and fall. However, a recently made robot has demonstrated a new ability: it can heal its own damage.
The new robot, which looks like a splay-legged (弓形腿的), four-footed starfish, can sense injury to itself and adapt. That ability sets the new robot apart from earlier machines. Because the robot can recover from unfamiliar places.
“There is a need for planetary robotic rovers (行星机器探测车) to be able to fix things on their own,” says Josh Bongard, a professor in the University of Vermont, who is one of the device’s creator. “Robots on other planets must be able to continue their mission without human help if they are damaged and cannot communicate their problem back to Earth.”
A typical robot functions according to a computer program, but the new robot works differently. First, sensors in its four legs observe the robot’s movements and signals to its built-in computer. From the information it collects, the robot creates its own programs that allow it to adapt to different situations. For example, when the researchers shortened one of the robot’s legs, the smart machine simply adjusted its way of walking—it used three legs instead of four.
The researchers are looking for other places to put the resilient robot to work. One spot is the ocean floor. That dark and dangerous undersea area might be a good choice for a robot that the scientists call the Starfish. “We never officially named the robot, but we usually refer to it as the Starfish, even though a real starfish has five rather than four legs,” says Bongard. “Also, a real starfish is much better than our robot at recovering from injury, because it can actually grow its legs again.” Scientists have created robots that help humans in many ways: by exploring space, fighting fires, and even performing surgery.
小题1:The newly designed robot distinguishes itself from the former ones because it________.
A.can communicate with people on the earth about their problems |
B.works according to a certain computer program |
C.can find its problems and solve them automatically |
D.can explore unfamiliar places |
A.is used to create new programs |
B.has typical robot functions |
C.has sensors to observe its movements |
D.can gather information and adapt to new conditions |
A.It was spoken highly of by people for its special ability. |
B.It will stumble and fall if damaged. |
C.It can grow its legs again once they are broken. |
D.It has started to work on the ocean floor. |
A.How the Starfish Robot Works |
B.Do-It-Yourself Robot Repair |
C.Robots Designed to Work on Other Planets |
D.New Robot Helping Us in Many Ways |
答案
小题1:C
小题1:D
小题1:A
小题1:B
解析
核心考点
试题【WASHINGTON --- It’s a great achievement that inspires concepts of robots with co】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
The criminal said: one day, my mother brought some apples and asked my brother and me: “Which do you want?” “The reddest and biggest one,” my little brother said. My mother stared at him and said to him angrily: “You should learn to give the good things to others; you shouldn’t always think of yourself.” Seeing this, I suddenly changed my idea and then said to my mother: “Mum, please give me the smaller one and give the bigger one to my little brother.” Hearing my words, my mother was very happy. She kissed me on my face and gave the reddest and biggest apple to me as a prize. From then on, I learned to tell lies, fight, steal and rob. In order to get what I wanted, I played hard. As a result, I was sent into prison.
The famous man from the White House said: One day, my mother brought some apples. She said to my brother and me: “You all want the reddest and biggest one, right? Well, let’s have a competition. Now I divided the grassland in front of the gate into two and I will give one to each of you and you must shear(修剪) it well. And I will give the reddest and biggest apple to him who does it the most quickly and best.”
After the competition, I won and I got the biggest apple. In our family, as long as you want to get the best things, you must take part in competition. I think it is fair. No matter what you want, you must pay lots of efforts.
小题1:The criminal got the reddest and biggest apple because .
A.he told the truth that he wanted a smaller one |
B.he knew how to make his mother happy from her answer |
C.elder brother should of course have the bigger one |
D.his mother loved him more than she loved the younger brother |
A.it’s wrong to ask children to choose apples when they are not old enough |
B.it’s important to make children aware that no matter what they want, they must pay work |
C.it’s wrong to ask children not to always think of themselves |
D.it’s always necessary to have a competition when we give children apple |
A.organizing it in the order of time |
B.making a comparison between two men |
C.providing some scientific information |
D.describing it in the order of space |
A.we should always try to win competitions which can bring us a lot |
B.in order to get what we want, we should play hard |
C.a mother’s educational method has a great influence on a child’s growing |
D.giving children apples will lead them to become criminals |
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从41─60各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Nowadays 41 children go to school 42 few of them have ever asked themselves 43 they go there. Some children think that they go to school just to learn their mother tongue, English and other foreign languages, history, science, 44 and a few other 45 . But why do they learn these things? Are these the only things they should learn at school?
Actually children go to school to 46 themselves for the time when they will be grown up and will have to 47 themselves. They learn their own language 48 they will be able to 49 with people in foreign countries, make friends with them and learn 50 about their culture and history. They learn mathematics in order to be able to measure the things around them and calculate sums. 51 helps them understand something about the world around them and history teaches them about the past and people. Nearly everything they study at school has some use 52 in their 53 , but there is one more 54 reason why children go to school.
It is more important to receive education than just learning 55 .We go to school 56 to learn how to learn. Learning is not just for school but for life. So even after we have left school, we have to continue to learn. A man who 57 knows how to learn will always be 58 because whenever he is faced with a completely new task or problem, he will teach himself how to deal with it in the best way. 59 , children do not go to school just to learn languages, mathematics, geography, etc. They go to school to 60 how to learn.
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Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.
California is a nice state. Northern California specifically has very good weather. Los Angeles in Southern California is another story though. Life in Los Angeles is full of excitement and fast, and sometimes dangerous. As for me, I enjoy the time I spent in Massachusetts, Virginia and Maryland and these states have a lot of history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as California, but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Mid-west. Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values. In addition, there are many good universities there.
Also, you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow? Then you probably won’t like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space, nature and peace and quiet? Then you probably should stay away from America’s large cities. Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you. Whatever you decide, put some thought into it. The place you live could be the difference between a great study-abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth.
小题1:From the first paragraph we can conclude (得出结论)that in the USA _______.
A.all colleges and universities lie in big cities |
B.all colleges and universities lie in beautiful places |
C.famous colleges and universities lie in nice places |
D.famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places |
A.The climate. | B.The scenery. | C.The study condition. | D.The living condition. |
A.California is the best place to live in |
B.California is the worst place to live in |
C.California is a state with different climates |
D.California is a small state in the USA |
A.find the best universities | B.feel the real character of the nation |
C.meet the most famous professors there | D.face more difficulties |
A.Washington is the largest city in the USA |
B.Washington is the political centre of the USA |
C.you can’t find sunshine in the Midwest |
D.you can’t find any universities out of big cities in the USA |
Tina and Mark noticed similar changed in their 14-year-old daughter. “She used to cuddle up (蜷伏) with me on the sofa and talk,” said Mark. “Now we joke that she does this only when she wants something. Sometimes she wants to be treated like a little girl and sometimes like a young lady.”
Before age 11, children like to tell their parents what’s on their minds. “In fact, parents are first on the list,” said Michael Riera, author of Uncommon Sense for Parents with Teenagers. “This completely changes during the teen years,” Riera explained. “They talk to their friends first, then maybe their teachers, and their parents last.”
Parents who know what’s going on in their teenagers’ lives are in the best position to help them. To break down the wall of silence, parents should create chances to understand what their children want to say, and try to find ways to talk and write to them. And they must give their children a mental break(休息), for children also need freedom, though young. Another thing parents should remember is that to be a friend, not a manager, with their children is a better way to know them.
小题1:“The door to his room is always shut” suggests that the son ______.
A.is always busy with his studies | B.doesn’t want to be disturbed |
C.keeps himself away from his parents | D.begins to dislike his parents |
their daughter isn’t as lovely as before
they can’t read their daughter’s mind exactly
they don’t know what to say to their daughter
their daughter talks with them only when she needs help
小题3: Which of the following best explains “the wall of silence” in the last paragraph?
A. Teenagers talk a lot with their friends |
B. Teenagers do not want to understand their parents. |
C. Teenagers do not talk much with their parents |
D. Teenagers talk little about their own lives |
A. Parents are unhappy with their growing children.
Parents have suitable ways to talk with their teenagers
C. Parents should be patient with their silent teenagers.
D. Parents should try to understand their teenagers.
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A group of frogs were traveling through the woods, and two of them fell into a deep pit(深坑). All the other frogs 36 the pit. When they saw how 37 the pit was, they told the two frogs that they might be 38 .
The two frogs 39 what the other frogs were saying and 40 to jump up out of the pit with all of their physical strength. The other frogs 41 telling them to stop. Finally, one of the frogs 42 the comments, seriously considering them, and gave up. He 43 down and died.
The other frog continued to jump as 44 as he could. Once again, the crowd of frogs shouted at him to stop the 45 and just die. He jumped even harder and finally 46 it out. When he got out, the other frogs said, “Did you not 47 us?” The frog explained to them that he was 48 . He thought they were 49 him the whole time.
This story teaches two lessons: ① There is power of life and death in the 50 . An encouraging word to someone who is 51 can lift them up and help them make it through the day. ② A destructive word to someone who is down can be 52 it takes to kill them. Be 53 of what you say. Speak life to those who cross your path.
The 54 of words is great. It is sometimes hard to understand 55 an encouraging word can go such a long way. Anyone can speak words that tend to rob another of the spirit to continue in difficult times.
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