题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The researchers asked more than 800 undergraduates if they agreed or disagreed with some statements. For example: "If I have completed most of the reading for a class, I deserve a B in that course." And: "A professor should not be annoyed with me if I receive an important call during class."
Just 16 percent thought it was OK to take that phone call. But 66 percent agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student"s work when deciding grades. And 40 percent thought they should get a B, the second highest mark, just because they did most of the reading for class.
Some experts are not surprised that students often see no difference between effort and results. Social critics like to say that in children"s activities these days everyone gets an award just for trying, so no one will feel rejected.
Yet competition to get into the best colleges is fiercer than ever. Students may worry that low grades will keep them out of graduate school or a good job.
And there may be another explanation: pressure from parents to get a good return on the family"s investment. These days, college can cost more than a house.
A former teaching assistant recently wrote to the New York Times about his experience with grade expectations. He would try to explain it this way when students asked for a top grade just for studying hard in chemistry class:
What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others, but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway, just because he tried so hard?
The students would say no. But most of them would still ask for an A.
小题1:What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.How students can get a good grade in the course. |
B.Whether students are allowed to answer calls in class. |
C.Whether students deserve high marks just for trying hard. |
D.Why students put a lot of efforts in their studies. |
A. thought it was all right to answer the call during class.
B. objected to deciding grades only by the quality of a student’s work.
C. thought they did most of the work for class and should get a B.
D. agreed that they should be given top grades because of their hard work.
小题3: Which of the following opinions do social critics agree to about children’s activities?
A.Those who are active in the activities can get an award. |
B.Only by playing an important role in the activities can you get an award. |
C.An award is prepared for anyone who performs best in the activities. |
D.Whoever takes part in the activities can get an award. |
A.it costs much more to build a college than to buy a house. |
B.the costs of studying at college are much more than staying at home. |
C.the costs of sending a child to college are much more than buying a house. |
D.it is difficult for parents to send a child to college. |
A.Effort can lead to good results. | B.Effort is very necessary. |
C.Effort and results are quite different. | D.No good results, effort is unnecessary. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:C
解析
试题分析:本文属于议论文,讨论的话题是努力的过程和最终的结果哪一个更重要。文章中给出了不同的人的不同的观点。
小题1:C 主旨大意题。根据文章最后两段段What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others, but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway, just because he tried so hard?和The students would say no. But most of them would still ask for an A可知本文讨论的是如果学生努力了,就应该得到较高的等级。而不要去看考试的结果。实际上也就是过程和结果的关系。故C正确。
小题2:B 细节题。根据文章第二段4,5行But 66 percent agreed that a professor should consider effort and not just the quality of a student"s work when deciding grades.可知大部分学生都认为老师来决定等级的时候,不仅仅根据作业的质量,还要看学生的学习态度。故B正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据文章第三段后2行Social critics like to say that in children"s activities these days everyone gets an award just for trying, so no one will feel rejected.可知他们认为努力了就应该得到奖励。故D正确。
小题4:C 细节题。根据本段And there may be another explanation: pressure from parents to get a good return on the family"s investment. These days, college can cost more than a house.
可知现在父母在学生的教育方面投资很大,都超过了购买房子的费用了。故C正确。
小题5:C 推理题。根据文章倒数第二段What if a baseball player came to spring training and worked harder than all the others, but still could not play well? Would the team accept him anyway, just because he tried so hard?可知他认为努力和结果还是有很多的差别的。这位运动员很努力,但是最后的结果还是不好,仍然不能被选中去参加比赛。故C正确。
点评:本文属于议论文,讨论的话题是努力的过程和最终的结果哪一个更重要。要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系,结合自己的生活常识和经验,再通过逻辑推理和判断,理解文章的言外之意,从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的,读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到,因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文,在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据,即:已知部分-推论的前提,从中推测出未知部分-推理的结论,切忌妄加评论,把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
核心考点
试题【Would you want a doctor who got high marks in medical school just for trying har】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
This is not a fantasy. A British company, called Electrotextiles, has created a wide range of clothes—clothes that have minds of their own! Scientists, working for the company, have invented a kind of fabric that can be blended (混合) with flexible electronic materials to create intelligent clothing. The results are electronic garments.
If you think the wearer has to be wired to different devices, think again. These designer clothes are wire-free, soft to touch and washable! Like any electronic device, these high-tech clothes have to be powered. Currently, a tiny nine-volt battery serves the purpose. But the researchers hope that in the near future the clothes will generate electricity by using body heat. These clothes are 100% shock proof, they say.
The Electrotextiles team has also created the world"s first cloth keyboard. This keyboard can be sewn into your trousers or skirt. To use this device, you will have to sit down and tap on your lap! These “lap-tap” gadgets (器具)are all set to take over laptop computers!
Another useful garment is the shirt-cum-mobile phone. This handy invention enables drivers to chat comfortably with others at the wheel! Other popular electronic wear include the denim(牛仔布) jacket with flexible earphones sewn into the hood(风帽) and the electronic ski jacket with a built-in heater. The ski jacket is also programmed to send signals to a satellite. This technology is known as global positioning system and can be used to track lost skiers and wandering kids.
Having completed the cloth keyboard, scientists have already started to work on a new project—a necktie that can be used as a computer mouse. What is the next? Do you have any idea?
小题1:The electronic garments are similar to other electronic devices in that________.
A.they use electricity to generate power |
B.they feel smooth and soft |
C.they can be washed in water |
D.they are made from flexible materials |
A.A tiny nine-volt battery will work. |
B.The wearer will not get shocked. |
C. Body heat will be used to generate electricity |
D.They will get charged automatically. |
A.The laptop computer. |
B.The electronic ski jacket. |
C.The shirt-cum-mobile phone. |
D.The world"s first cloth keyboard. |
A.The cloth keyboard. |
B.The electronic ski jacket. |
C.The necktie to be used as a mouse. |
D.The denim jacket with earphones. |
A.to advertise for an English company |
B.to predict the future trend of science |
C.to show how rapidly science develops |
D.to introduce some intelligent clothing |
The rates of change that we’re noticing are much higher than expected. If these rates continue, it is not likely that Greenland could shrink by several tens of percent this century. However, it’s not known how quickly this coastal response of the Greenland ice sheet melting will have an effect on the vast inland ice.
Greenland is the world’s largest island, covering area more than three times the size of Texas. Some 81 percent of it is covered by ice, and there are many glaciers. Glaciers are like slow-moving rivers of ice. Where a glacier meets the sea, its weight keeps it firmly resting on the bottom. A glacier’s front is the point where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats.
Since the 1970s, the front of Helheim stayed in the same place. Then it began melting rapidly, moving back 4.5 miles from 2001 through this past summer. It has also grown thinner, from top to bottom, by more than 130 feet since 2001. And over these past years, its trip to the sea has sped up from about 70 feet per day to nearly 110.
The melting is driven by a warmer climate. Temperatures in Greenland have risen more than five degrees Fahrenheit(华氏温度) in the last ten years. Since most of Greenland’s ice is on land, seas will rise as the ice melts. If all Greenland’s ice sheet melted, oceans would be 15-20 feet higher. Nobody expects that to happen any time soon.
小题1:What can we know about the glaciers according to the passage?
A.Glaciers only lie in Greenland. |
B.Water in glaciers is more than sea water. |
C.Glaciers sometimes float on the water. |
D.Glaciers can increase the water level of lakes. |
A.belongs to Canada |
B.is the largest island in North America |
C.is all covered with glaciers |
D.is sinking under the sea level |
A.The climate of the world will be warmer. |
B.The glaciers in other areas will be bigger. |
C.It will be easy for explorers to visit the island. |
D.Some coastal cities may be under the sea. |
At present, there are 42 radio telescopes working at the Hat Creek observatory. The signals they receive are combined to create what is equal to a single, very large telescope. The telescope will be used to observe objects like exploding stars, black holes and other objects that are predicted but have not yet been observed. Seth Shostak of the SETI Institute says this is the first telescope whose main purpose is to search for signals from intelligent life in space. The SETI Institute is based in Mountain View, California. The organization supports the search for other life forms in the universe.
What makes the Allen Telescope Array unusual is that it can collect and study information from a wide area of the sky. In addition, the 42 telescopes can study information about several projects at the same time. That means studies of large areas of the sky can be made faster than ever before.
Some officials think the Allen Telescope Array will be completed in three more years. 350 individual radio telescopes are planned. The new abilities of the Allen Telescope Array will make searching for stars similar to the sun much faster.
An earlier search by SETI, Project Phoenix, studied about 800 stars to a distance of 240 light years. The project ended in 2004. With the Allen Telescope Array, astronomers hope to gather thousands of times more information in the search for life beyond our planet.
小题1:The main purpose of the Allen Telescope Array is .
A.to serve for the research of weather predication |
B.to prepare for the wars against life from the universe |
C.to search for signals from intelligent life in space |
D.to observe exploding stars, black holes and other objects |
A.the 42 radio telescopes at Hat Creek observatory can work together |
B.the total cost of the project came from Paul Allen |
C.Hat Creek observatory can receive signals from all parts of the worm |
D.Hat Creek observatory is operated by an American named Paul Allen |
A.The Allen Telescope Array takes much more room than former telescopes. |
B.The Allen Telescope Array is still being built at present in the United States. |
C.Another 42 radio telescopes will be fixed in the Allen Telescope Array. |
D.The SETI Institute is against the search for other life forms in the universes. |
A.astronomers can gather more information than before from other planets |
B.humans will have more chances to live on other planets than before |
C.humans will be able to find more natural resources on other planets |
D.scientists will be able to find more natural resources from other planets |
A Avoid asking your child too many questions B Tell your child stories about your growing up C Don’t judge or criticize your child D Listen to your kids with respect E Provide pressure-free conversation opportunities F Ask children gently what they think |
小题1:
The quickest way to get kids to shut up and, as a result, shut you out of their lives is to continuously press them about things. A more effective way is to sit back and patiently wait for them to open up in a low-stress family and then be prepared to listen.
小题2:
Parents can sometimes make kids at a young age decide it is best not to talk about something when they are criticized. If you really want to know what’s on your child’s mind, then avoid passing judgment and focus instead on why something seems important to your child.
小题3:
If you want to raise a creative and independent thinker, stop telling your child what he ought to feel or think. You can gently encourage additional conversations by simply asking why he feels the way he does or what he would do in a certain situation.
小题4:
You may think you’re just asking questions out of curiosity when communicating with your child, but an endless stream of questions about what they did, whether everyone got along, if they went to the bathroom, ect., are enough to make anyone shut up! Practice patience and let your kids open up on their terms.
小题5:
Kids can relate to you and other adults when you tell your stories happening when you were their age. Talking to kids by telling them about things like something embarrassing that happened or the first crush(迷恋) you had helps them to connect with you and understand that you might actually know what they are going through!
In many modern countries it has for some time been fashionable(流行的)to think that by free education for all whether rich or poor, clever or stupid --- one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough: we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees(学位)they refuse to do what they think "low" work; and in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor: we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns…
In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability, and secondly, that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be unwilling to do one"s work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.
小题1:In the writer’s opinion,_________
A.free education for all probably leads to a perfect world |
B.all the social problems can’t be solved by education |
C.education can solve most of the world’s problems |
D.free education will help to solve all the problems of society |
A.a farmer is more important than a professor |
B.our society needs free education for all |
C.our society needs all kinds of jobs |
D.work with hands is the most important |
A.build a perfect world | B.let everyone receive education |
C.choose officials for the country | D.prepare children mainly for their future work |
A.The type of education | B.The value of education |
C.The means of education | D.The system of education |
A.Work with hands is thought to be shameful in some modern countries. |
B.In all modern countries, free education has been fashionable. |
C.A perfect nation can solve all the problems of society. |
D.A professor is far more important than a farmer. |
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