题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.
Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.
Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.” (335 words)
小题1:Which of the following is true of amusics?
A.Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them. |
B.They love places where they are likely to hear music. |
C.They can easily tell two different songs apart. |
D.Their situation is well understood by musicians. |
A.dislikes listening to speeches |
B.can hear anything nonmusical |
C.has a hearing problem |
D.lacks a complex hearing system |
A.her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier |
B.she were seventeen years old rather than seventy |
C.her problem could be easily explained |
D.she were able to meet other amusics |
A.Amusics’ strange behaviours. |
B.Some people’s inability to enjoy music. |
C.Musical talent and brain structure. |
D.Identification and treatment of amusics. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:B
解析
【文章大意】文章讲述的是世界上有一群天生不喜欢听音乐的人,被称之为amusic,这些人听力上没有任何问题,只是不喜欢听音乐,也无法欣赏音乐。很多人在之前都因此而苦恼,现在有了科学的解释,他们可以摆脱那种尴尬、不自在的处境了。
小题1:根据第一段“For some people, music is no fun at all”可知,A项正确,意为,“对于某些人来说,听音乐并不是开心的事情”和A项的听音乐对他们来说远非是愉快的相同。因此,B项也是错误的。根据第一段的“People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. ”可知,CD两项错误。
小题2:该段前两句讲的是不爱听音乐的人和喜欢听音乐的人是不同的,他们之间的区别很复杂,但是那have no problems understanding ordinary speech. ”又讲到了这些不爱听音乐的人在理解其他非音乐的声音或者演讲的时候是没有问题的,目的是为了强调他们是正常的,没有什么缺陷的,因此defective hearing指的是C项的a hearing problem,即听觉有问题。句意为,他们之间的区别是很负责的,但并不包括听觉有问题这种情况。
小题3:I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.意为,我希望我在十七岁的时候就学会了这样说(指的是No thanks, I’m amusic这句,意为,谢谢你,我是一个不喜欢听音乐的人),而不是到了七十岁才学会。从最后一段我们知道,their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断)他们的这种状况终于最后确诊了,他们都属于amusic,但是这来的太迟了,对于Margaret来说,因为之前她总是Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem感到很尴尬,因此她希望她年轻的时候,就可以有现在这样的诊断。
小题4:全文主要讲述的是不喜爱听音乐的一类人,被称之为amusic,他们之前都没有得到统一的诊断或者认识,直到现在。因此选择B项,Some people’s inability to enjoy music意为,一些人无法欣赏音乐。A项,错在strange behaviors,文章只是说他们不喜欢有音乐的地方,并没有讲到他们其他的一些奇怪的举动。C项Musical talent and brain structure音乐天赋和大脑构造,明显与文章大意不符。D项中错在treatment,意为治疗,文章并没有讲到如何帮助这些人治疗他们的问题。因此排除D。
核心考点
试题【For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
(268 words)
小题1:According to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under warranty if __________.
A. shipped from a Canadian factory B. rented for home use
C. repaired by the user himself D. used in the U.S.A.
小题2:According to Owner’s Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for __________.
A.the loss of the sales receipt | B.a servicer’s overtime work |
C.the product installation | D.a mechanic’s transportation |
A.Consequential damages are excluded across America. |
B.A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty. |
C.A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year. |
D.Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year. |
“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”
(392 words)
小题1:The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.
A.they had no model in their mind |
B.they did not have sufficient time |
C.they had no ready-made components |
D.they could not assemble the components |
A.consists of a flight device and a control system |
B.can just fly in limited areas at the present time |
C.can collect information from many sources |
D.has been put into wide application |
A.The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects. |
B.Animals are not allowed in biological experiments. |
C.There used to be few ways to study how insects fly. |
D.Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments. |
A.Father of Robotic Fly |
B.Inspiration from Engineering Science |
C.Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect |
D.Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study |
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don"t see - and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person"s feeling of fear. “We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."
小题1:What is the finding of the study?
A.One"s heart affects how he feels fear. |
B.fear is a result of one"s relaxed heartbeat. |
C.fear has something to do with one"s health. |
D.Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. |
A.volunteers" heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures |
B.the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions |
C.volunteers" reactions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans |
D.different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication |
A.Order. | B.system. | C.machine. | D.treatment. |
A.treating anxiety and stress better |
B.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety |
C.finding the sky to the heart-brain communication |
D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads |
The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia. It is over 5,100 years old. Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn’t become popular for a while, though. This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.
But it could also be because of a difficult situation. While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces weren’t going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them. Eventually, road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later. There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modem road design.
In the mid-1700s, a Frenchman came up with a new design of road—a base layer (层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same lime, metal hubs (the central part of a wheel) came into being, followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads (柏油路). As wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.
小题1:What might explain why transport wheels didn’t become popular for some time?
A.Few knew how to use transport wheels. |
B.Humans carried farming tools just as well. |
C.Animals were a good means of transport. |
D.The existence of transport wheels was not known. |
A.It was easier than wheel design. |
B.It improved after big changes in vehicle design. |
C.It was promoted by fast-moving vehicles. |
D.It provided conditions for wheel design to develop. |
A.By giving examples. |
B.By making comparisons. |
C.By following time order. |
D.By making classifications. |
A.The beginning of road design. |
B.The development of transport wheels. |
C.The history of public transport. |
D.The invention of fast-moving vehicles. |
“Storm at Sea”, a short poem written around 700, is generally regarded as one of mankind’s earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.
When the wind is from the west
All the waves that cannot rest
To the east must thunder on
Where the bright tree of the sun
Is rooted in the ocean’s breast.
As the poem suggests, the Atlantic is never dead and dull. It is an ocean that moves, impressively and endlessly. It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering, boiling, crashing, and whistling.
It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath—perhaps not so noticeably out in mid-ocean, but where it meets land, its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach. It mimics(模仿) nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences, too: unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike, mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of sub-ocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.
小题1:Unlike real inland seas, the Atlantic Ocean is______.
A.always energetic |
B.lacking in liveliness |
C.shaped like a square |
D.favored by ancient poets |
A.To describe the movement of the waves. |
B.To show the strength of the storm. |
C.To represent the power of the ocean. |
D.To prove the vastness of the sea. |
A.Living together. |
B.Growing fast. |
C.Moving harmoniously. |
D.Breathing peacefully. |
A.a beautiful and poetic place |
B.a flesh and blood person |
C.a wonderful world |
D.a lovely animal |
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