题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that many people are doing it．They have come out of their cocoon（茧） into a larger cocoon．
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and go his or her own way．Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market．These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be．
And many of today"s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障碍） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．
But the barrier is worth climbing over．The path is worth following, You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party．You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records．You may have some thoughts "that you don"t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．
小题1:In this passage, the author wants to tell .
| A．teenagers how to learn to decide things for themselves |
| B．readers how to be popular with people around |
| C．parents how to control and guide their children |
| D．people how to understand and respect each other |
| A．have much difficulty understanding each other |
| B．lack confidence |
| C．dare not cope with （处理） problems single-handed |
| D．are much afraid of getting lost |
| A．There is no popularity that really counts． |
| B．What many parents are doing is helping their children find their own paths． |
| C．It is bad for a teenager to disagree with his or her classmates． |
| D．Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to, but they are actually doing the same． |
| A．Convincing． | B．Influential. |
| C．Instructive． | D．Authoritative（权威的）． |
| A．differ from others in as many ways as possible |
| B．get into the right reason and become popular |
| C．find one"s real self |
| D．rebel against parents and the popularity wave |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:C
解析
试题分析：文章讲了青少年一方面叛逆，另一方面又跟随潮流，没有个性。作者认为青少年要发现自我，学会独立，这样才真正受人欢迎与尊重。
小题1:A主旨题。通读全文发现teenager一词频繁出现，可见本文作者想告诉我们的与“青少年”有关，进一步分析首段，其中句子“You should be learning to stand on your own feet”给出了作者的观点“青少年应该学会独立”，A项说法正符合此意，故为答案。
小题2:C细节题。由题干中的“brave”可定位答案于第一段的句子“Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching(紧握）at one another"s hands for reassurance”，C项“不敢独自处理问题”是此句的同义转述，故为正确答案。
小题3:D细节题。把选项与原文一一对照，A项与最后一段最后的句子“That is the only kind of popularity that really counts．”相矛盾，故不正确；B项与第四段“And many of today"s parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children．All this adds to a great barrier(障碍） for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path．”不符合，故不正确；C项与文章最后一段句子“You may have some thoughts that you don"t care to share with your classmates at once, well, go to it．Find yourself”不符合，故不正确；D项与第二段句子“They claim they want to dress as they please．But they all wear the same clothes. Then set off in new directions in music．But somehow they all end up with listening to the same record together．”描述相符，故为正确答案。
小题4:B推理题。根据文章第三段句子“These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be．”可推断出作者认为青少年受广告的影响很大，故B项正确。
小题5:C细节题。从文章最后一段句子“Find yourself．Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are．”，C项“找到一个真正的自我”是此句的同义转述，故为正确答案。
核心考点
试题【I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling（叛逆）．I】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Robert Wayne of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Jennifer Leonard of the Smithsonian Institute, used DNA material—some of it unearthed by miners in Alaska—to conclude that today’s domestic dog originated in Asia and accompanied the first humans to the New World about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago. Wayne suggests that man’s best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. “Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge,” said Wayne. “They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and they’re useful to eat.”
Researchers have agreed that today’s dog is the result of the domestication(驯化) of wolves thousands of years ago. Before this recent study, a common thought about the precise origin of North America’s domestic dog was that Natives domesticated local wolves, the descendents(后代) of which now live with people in Alaska, Canada, and the Lower 48.
Dog remains from a Fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层) until Fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. The miners donated the preserved bones to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. After borrowing the bones from the museum, Leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the Alaska dogs. They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A.D., before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. The bones of dogs that wandered the Fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of “pure native American dogs,” Leonard said. The DNA of the Fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendents of wolves from North America.
Along with the Fairbanks samples, the researchers collected DNA from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本) from Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia that existed before the arrival of Columbus. In the case of both the Alaska dogs and the dogs from Latin America, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of Europe and Asia. This supports the idea of domestic dogs entering the New World with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge.
Leonard and Wayne’s study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the Bering Land Bridge to slowly populate the Americas. Wayne thinks the dogs that made the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “Dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep,” Wayne said. “They didn’t feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource.”
小题1: The underlined word “remains” is closed in meaning to ______.
| A．leftover food | B．animal waste |
| C．dead bodies | D．living environment |
| A．ancient dogs entered North America between 1450 and 1675 AD |
| B．the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native American dogs |
| C．the bones discovered by the gold miners were from North American wolves |
| D．the bones studied were not from dogs brought into North America by Europeans |
| A．Native Americans domesticated local wolves into dogs. |
| B．Scientists discovered some ancient dog remains in 1920s. |
| C．Latin America’s dogs are different from North America’s in genes. |
| D．Ancient dogs entered North America across the Bering Land Bridge. |
| A．dogs fed on mice | B．dogs were easy to keep |
| C．dogs helped protect their resources | D．dogs could provide excellent service |
| A．the origin of the North American dogs |
| B．the DNA study of ancient dogs in America |
| C．the reasons why early people entered America |
| D．the difference between Asian and American dogs |
Activities in Among the Boys are in agreement with the best practices in the prevention of high-risk behavior. First, community-based youth development programs are considered important parts of a comprehensive prevention method, particularly in high-risk neighborhoods. Second, compensatory(补偿) education that targets at risk youth for academic failure is also considered an effective prevention method. Third, interventions(介入) aimed at improving youth’s moral reasoning, social problem-solving, and thinking skills are reported to be effective methods for reducing violence in high-risk populations, especially when carried out with elementary school-aged boys. Finally, Among the Boys has an adapted tutoring part, considered an effective prevention tool. Tutoring is typically a one-to-one match between a tutor and a youth, but Among the Boys employs what is referred to as “group tutoring.” Among the Boys makes up for its high student-tutor ratio(比例) with quality and quantity of time, as the program meets after school, on Saturdays, and all day during the summer, and is staffed primarily by males, an unusual quality among educational programs.
Among the Boys is rare and successful form of grassroots program, and represents the dream of a successful male who grew up in the Highland Park neighborhood and has returned to make a valuable contribution to his community.
小题1:Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the second paragraph？
| A．A theory is presented and proved with data. |
| B．A statement is made and supported with examples. |
| C．A problem is put forward and solutions are suggested |
| D．A situation is described and a prediction is provided |
| A．Art programs can promote painting but cannot prevent school failure. |
| B．Social problem-solving skills are not important for high school-age youth. |
| C．Most educational programs have some female staff members. |
| D．Teamwork produces better paintings than does independent work. |
| A．Among the Boys employs a traditional tutoring model |
| B．tutoring is effective only with elementary school-age boys |
| C．tutoring prevents the youth’s attention from wandering off |
| D．increased hours with a group can be as effective as a one-to-one tutoring relationship |
| A．sought contributions to make his program successful |
| B．designed the program for the same neighborhood in which he grew up |
| C．is seeking reelection for the Highland Park community school board |
| D．was a successful graduate of Among the Boys when he was a youth |
| A．forgiving | B．doubtful | C．praising | D．ignorant |
McCarroll has good reasons for rejecting fur. Each year, tens of millions of amimals, including dogs and cats, needlessly suffer and die to fuel the fur industry. But what did Jay McCarroll use in place of fur?“I have patchwork pieces that contain all sorts of combinations of fabrics. The rest is cotton, nylon, polyester…you name it. I even have some stuff made out of bamboo / cotton blend. Anything but fur and leather,”he told Fashion Wire Daily.
“So many people want to protect animals and live their lives without causing unnecessary cruelty. More than two thirds of Americans have pets, and we share a bond with animals every day. Saying no to fur can help millions of animals, and we want to show our respect to leading designers like Jay who embrace compassion(同情) as the fashion,”said Michael Markarian, executive vice president of The HSUS.“It is great to see leaders in the fashion industry recognizing that the animals need their fur more than we do.”
小题1:Which of the following is true about Jay McCarroll?
| A．He is a famous fashion designer. |
| B．He is the executive vice president of the HSUS. |
| C．He is an editor of Fashion Wire Daily. |
| D．He is the head of an animal protection organization. |
| A．A new unit of a book. | B．The beginning of a new trend. |
| C．The latest issue of a magazine. | D．A newly established organization. |
| A．Polyester. | B．Bamboo. | C．Leather. | D．Patchwork pieces. |
| A．Human beings depend emotionally on animals. |
| B．Fashion can go hand in hand with compassion for life. |
| C．Fur is more effective than bamboo/cotton blend for clothing. |
| D．Fur is more expensive than other materials for fashion designers. |
So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired?
Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional(情绪的) attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”
What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated---those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.
小题1: What surprised the scientists a few years ago?
| A．Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborer’s blood. |
| B．Albert Einstein didn’t feel worn after a day’s work. |
| C．The brain could work for many hours without fatigue. |
| D．A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue toxins. |
| A．Challenging mental work. | B．Unpleasant emotions. |
| C．Endless tasks. | D．Physical labor. |
| A．He agrees with them. | B．He doubts them. |
| C．He argues against them. | D．He hesitates to accept them. |
| A．have some good food. | B．enjoy their work |
| C．exercise regularly | D．discover fatigue toxins |
小题1:Which is the topic for the passage?
| A．Traditional Education |
| B．Open Education |
| C．The Students Are Human Beings First |
| D．Two Kinds of Different Education |
| A．The students are human beings first, and students second. |
| B．The students should be responsible for what they do. |
| C．The students’ ideas and feelings are very important. |
| D．The teachers should allow the students to do what they want to do. |
| A．they should praise the students all the time |
| B．they should tell the students what to do all the time |
| C．the students should know much about the world |
| D．the students should learn much about the world from their teachers |
| A．students needn’t study as hard as they did before |
| B．students can learn more about the world in open education |
| C．most of the teachers don’t agree with the idea of open education |
| D．most of the students prefer traditional education to open education |
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