题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Electricity, water, gas and telephone may not be working after an earthquake. The police and fire department are likely to be tied up. You should be prepared to take care of yourself for at least three days, preferably for a week.
This list can also be applied to other disasters, such as floods or wildfires.
1. food and water (a gallon a day per person)
2. a first aid kit
3. a fire extinguisher suitable for all types of fires
4. flashlights, a portable radio extra batteries
5. blankets, clothes, shoes and money (ATMs may not work)
6. baby and pet food
It’s also a good idea to decide beforehand how and where your family will reunite if separated during a quake and to conduct in-home practice drills.
During an Earthquake
If you are indoors, stay there. Get under and hold onto a desk or table, or stand against an interior wall. Stay away from exterior walls, glass, heavy furniture, and stay away from windows and outside walls and do not use the elevator.
If you are outside, get into the open, stay into the open, stay away from buildings, power lines or anything else that could fall on you.
If you are driving, move the car out of traffic and stop, avoid parking under or on bridges or overpasses, Try to get clear of trees, light posts, signs and power lines.
If you are in a crowded public place, avoid panicking and do not rush for the exit. Stay low and cover your head and neck with your hands and arms.
After an Earthquake
If the phone is working, only use it in case of emergency. Likewise, avoid driving if possible to keep the streets clear for emergency vehicles.
Be aware that items may fall out of cupboards or closets when the door is opened, and also that chimneys can be weakened and fall with touch. Check for cracks and damage to the roof and foundation of your home.
Listen to the radio for important information and instructions. Remember that aftershocks, sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right, generally follow large quakes.
If you leave home, leave a message telling friends and family your location.
小题1:Which of the following items is unnecessary to prepare before an earthquake？
| A．Batteries | B．Cash | C．Medicine | D．Creditcard |
| A．hideyourselfinthekitchen |
| B．rushfortheexitimmediately |
| C．stayawayfromheavyobjects |
| D．callthepolicerightaway |
| A．driveacartotakeyourfamilytothesafeplace |
| B．checkthesecurityofyourhome |
| C．callyourrelativestotellthemyouaresafe |
| D．clearupthemessassoonaspossible. |
| A．You’dbettermakeitclearhowandwhereyourfamilywillreuniteifseparatedduringaquakeafterthequakehappens. |
| B．Ifyouareindoors,getintotheopen. |
| C．Ifyouareinacrowdedpublicplace,avoidpanickinganddorushfortheexit. |
| D．Ifthephonestillworks,onlyuseitwhennecessary. |
| A．Alessseriousquakefollowingalargeearthquakeinthesamearea. |
| B．Afurtherreactionfollowingtheshockofadeeplydisturbingthing. |
| C．Amessonehastodealwithafteraterriblething. |
| D．Aninstructionthegovernmentgivestosolveproblems. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:A
解析
试题分析：
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了震前、震中和震后应该注意的事项。
小题1:D考查细节理解。根据文章中的5. blankets, clothes, shoes and money (ATMs may not work)可知，自动取款机可能不能工作，所以，准备信用卡没有必要。故选D。
小题2:C考查细节理解。根据文章中的Stay away from exterior walls, glass, heavy furniture, and stay away from windows and outside walls and do not use the elevator. If you are outside, get into the open, stay into the open, stay away from buildings, power lines or anything else that could fall on you.可知选C。
小题3:B考查推理判断。根据文章中的Be aware that items may fall out of cupboards or closets when the door is opened, and also that chimneys can be weakened and fall with touch. Check for cracks and damage to the roof and foundation of your home.可知， 我们应该检查房子的安全情况。故选B。
小题4:D考查细节理解。根据文章中的If the phone is working, only use it in case of emergency.可知，如果电话还能用，就要用电话以免发生紧急情况。故选D。
小题5:A考查猜测词义。根据文章中的Remember that aftershocks, sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right, generally follow large quakes.可知，有时余震也能导致严重的损失。此处根据generally follow large quakes可知，是余震。故选A。
核心考点
试题【 How to be PreparedElectricity, water, gas and telephone may not be working afte】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
In an effort to improve the situation, the U.S. government has made regulations on the use of the constituents (成分) of automobile exhaust gas that are known to cause air pollution. These constituents fall roughly into three types: hydrocarbons that pass through the engine unburned; carbon monoxide, also a product of incomplete burning; and nitrogen oxides which are formed when nitrogen and oxygen are in contact at high temperatures. Besides their own poisonous character, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react in the presence of sunlight to form harmful smog. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are rather easily controlled by the use of higher burning temperatures in engines. Unfortunately, the conditions that produce minimum emission of hydrocarbons tend to raise emission of nitrogen oxides. In a way this difficulty is solved by adding recycled exhaust gas to the fuel mixture, thus avoiding the oversupply of oxygen that favors formation of nitrogen oxides.
California, which has the most strict air-pollution laws in the United States, requires further special compounding of gas to control emissions, and several states have ordered that alcohol be mixed with gas, as this will reduce emissions of the carbon monoxide by 35 per cent and the hydrocarbons by 15 per cent.
小题1:The author uses figures in Paragraph 1 ________.
| A．to reflect the rapid growth of automobile use |
| B．to highlight the importance of environment protection |
| C．to show the consequence of automobile exhausts |
| D．to criticize the low quality of cars |
| A．Nitrogen and oxygen are put together in great heat. |
| B．Carbon monoxide and oxygen are mixed together. |
| C．Hydrocarbons pass through the engine. |
| D．Nitrogen is burned incompletely. |
| A．Carbon monoxide can be controlled in the engine. |
| B．Smog will form when hydrocarbons meet nitrogen oxides in the sunlight. |
| C．Hydrocarbons have no poisonous character themselves. |
| D．The conditions that decease emission of hydrocarbons will increase emission of nitrogen oxides. |
| A．increase awareness of environment protection |
| B．control air pollution |
| C．increase the fuel efficiency |
| D．replace gas gradually |
Size: 4,028 square miles.
Population: 148,677. The most heavily populated areas are Hilo on the east side and Kailua-Kona on the west.
Temperature: Averages between 71℉ and 77 ℉ year around —expect the mercury ( 水银柱) to drop at higher Heights.
Beaches: 47 Golf Courts: 20 Highest Peak: Mauna Kea, 13,796 feet.
Agriculture: The bulk (主体) of Hawaii’s farming products are grown and processed on the Big
Island, including coffee, macadamia nuts and papaya.
Lodging: 9,655 rooms in total; nightly rates range from $ 35 to $ 5,000.
Airports: Hilo International Airport on the east side and Kona International Airport on the west
side.
Rental Cars: All of the nationally known rental car companies have locations at Hilo International and Kona International Airports as well as many resorts. In addition, Hilo, Kona and the major resort areas are serviced by taxis.
Resources: Call (800) 648-2441 to order a video, a poster, brochures and maps from the Big Island Visitors Bureau. Turn to www. Bigisland. org for updated information.
Shopping: The largest shopping centers are in Hilo, Kona, Waimea and the Kona Coast.
小题1:_____ are mostly interested in reading the passage.
| A．Tourists | B．Students | C．Businessmen | D．Officials |
| A．28 | B．37 | C．32 | D．44 |
| A．Things are easy to lose weight at higher places |
| B．Dropping things from higher places is expected |
| C．Temperature is expected to be lower at higher places |
| D．Temperature is expected to be higher at higher places |
Water shortage , already serious in Egypt and Sudan , will soon influence several other countries in the watershed as well．Today, about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living．Within the next 25 yeas ,the district"s population is expected to double, adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture．The frequent drought（干旱）adds to the urgency.
Water quality is also a problem．Precious soil is washed out to sea．Wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution．Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils．Water-borne diseases continue unchecked．In areas where it"s hot and damp, water hyacinths choke off（阻止） lakes, dams and other sections of the river, making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward.
Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day．They’ve seen the river change course, and their only source（来源） of water thickened with mud．They’re very poor and have few choices.
But a new program, the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), is offering very practical assistance．The program is more than just a water-management project．It’s a plan for the social and economic development of a vast district: it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the environment that supports them.
These are whole ecosystem problems, calling for united solutions．Half the Nile Basin"s countries are among the world"s poorest nations；yet, somehow, they must find the resources, skills and political will to overcome these challenges.
小题1:What are the great challenges the Nile Basin faces？
| A．The development of shipping industry. |
| B．Over fishing of native people. |
| C．Water shortage and water quality. |
| D．Increasing population and tourism. |
| A．plants | B．animals | C．rocks | D．salts |
| A．preventing water pollution |
| B．improving living condition of the poor |
| C．changing the river course |
| D．preventing land from becoming desert |
| A．People’s Life in Egypt and Sudan |
| B．Frequent Drought in Egypt and Sudan |
| C．The Poorest Countries in the Nile Basin |
| D．The Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin |
“Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns.” scientists say.
Increased carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.
“Predicting species’ reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,” said the researchers of several U.S. Universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.
The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.
“Across all species, the experiments underestimated the speed of the advance—for both leafing and flowering—that results from temperature increases,” the study said.
“The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change,” it said.
Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis (光合作用) to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.
Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8 ℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2 ℃ every ten years since 1979.
So far, efforts to cut emissions of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2 ℃ this century—a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.
小题1:What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?
| A．The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists’ expectation. |
| B．Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns. |
| C．Plants’ reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem. |
| D．Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather. |
| A．scientists should improve the design of the experiments |
| B．plants’ flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafing |
| C．there are 1,634 plant species on the four continents |
| D．the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change |
| A．they can prove the climate change clearly |
| B．they are very important in the food chains |
| C．they play a leading role in reducing global warming |
| D．they are growing and flowering much faster than before |
| A．It has risen nearly 0.2 ℃ since 1979. |
| B．It is 0.8 ℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1990. |
| C．It needs to be controlled within 2 ℃ in this century. |
| D．Its change will lead to weather extremes. |
Many people like to watch others play games. They buy tickets or turn on their TVs to watch the games. Often they get very excited when “their” player or team wins.
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for(参加) them. Football, for example, has spread(展开)around the world. Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers. What fun it is to jump into a pool or lake, whether in China, Egypt or Italy! And think of people in cold countries. Think how many love to skate or ski (滑雪) in Japan, Norway or Canada.
Some sports or games go back thousands of years, like running or jumping. Chinese wushu, for example, has a very long history. But basketball and volleyball are rather new. Neither one is a hundred years old yet. People are inventing new sports or games all the time. Water-skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends. Sports help to train a person’s character. One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace(胜不骄，败不馁).
小题1:Why do people all over the world enjoy sports?
| A．Because they are healthy. |
| B．Because they are happy. |
| C．Because they want to live longer. |
| D．All the above. |
| A．their favourite team wins | B．they win the game |
| C．they get the good news | D．they can’t help themselves |
| A．they train their character in the game |
| B．they understand each other |
| C．they are friendly to each other |
| D．they help each other |
最新试题
- 1读下图“古代早期长三角地形示意图”，完成下面问题。小题1:沿江阴市位置作一古长江横剖面示意图，下图中较吻合的是小题2:古
- 22010年，我国形成中国特色社会主义法律体系。这一体系的核心是[ ]A．《中华人民共和国民法通则》B．《中华人民
- 3下列说法中正确的是，感应电动势的大小 ( )A．跟穿过闭合电路的磁通量变化率成正比B．跟穿过闭合电路的磁通
- 4通分：（1）；（2）
- 5为推动群众性爱国主义教育活动深入开展，中央宣传部等部门联合组织评选出“100 位为新中国成立作出突出贡献的英雄模范人物和
- 6如图所示，两平行金属板中有相互垂直的匀强电场和匀强磁场，带正电的粒子（不计粒子的重力）从两板中央垂直电场、磁场入射。它在
- 7在青春期里，我们会产生许多成长的烦恼，面对这些烦恼，我们不应该[ ]A、了解必要的生理和心理知识B、参加集体活动
- 8氧氮杂卓是新药研制过程中发现的一类重要活性物质，具有抗惊厥、抗肿瘤、改善脑缺血等性质。下面是某研究小组提出的一种氧氮杂卓
- 9设A、B是平面α外同侧的两点，它们到α的距离分别是4和1，AB与α所成的角为60°，则线段AB的长是______．
- 10在常温时的下列溶液中，BaSO4的溶解度最大的是A．40 mL 1 mol/L的BaCl2溶液B．30 mL 2 mol
热门考点
- 1关于f(x)=3sin(2x+π4)有以下命题：①若f（x1）=f（x2）=0，则x1-x2=kπ（k∈Z）；②f（x）
- 2函数满足，若，则( )A． B． C． D．
- 3鸟的骨骼中最发达的骨是[ ]A．颈骨 B．胸骨C．后肢骨 D．头骨
- 4用代数式表示“x与y的2倍的和”，正确的一个是[ ]A．2x+2yB．2x+yC．x+2yD．x2+y2
- 5完形填空。 Mr Brown is a very rich man, 1 he loves money
- 6已知直线y=kx是y=lnx的切线，则k的值是（ ）。
- 7一枚古币的正面是一个半径为r厘米的圆形，中间有一个边长为a厘米的正方形孔，则这枚古币正面的面积为（ ）平方厘米。
- 8The driver hurt the girl _____ badly _____ she had to see a
- 9下列各项中，对作品故事情节的叙述不正确的两项是( )（5分）A．高老太爷刚刚死去，高家就上演了分家的丑剧。克定对
- 10如图，在一只塑料袋中装入大半袋酒精，用弹簧测力计测出其重力的大小，再将其浸入水中，当弹簧测力计示数为零时，下列说法正确的