题目
题型：模拟题难度：来源：
psychology, defined psychology as"the science of mental life" and this definition provides a good starting
point for our understanding even today. We all have a mental life and therefore have some idea about what
this means, even though it can be studied in rats or monkeys as well as in people and the concept remains
difficult to understand.
Like most psychologists, William James was particularly interested in human psychology, which he
thought consisted of certain basic elements: thoughts and feelings, a physical world which exists in time
and space, and a way of knowing about these things. For each of us, this knowledge is primarily personal
and private" It comes from our own thoughts, feelings and experience of the world, and may or may not
be influenced by scientific facts about things. For this reason, it is easy for us to make judgments about
psychological matters using our own experience as a standard. We behave as amateur psychologists when
we offer opinions on complex psychological phenomena. However, problems arise when two people
understand these things differently. Formal psychology attempts to provide methods for deciding which
explanations are most likely to be correct, or for determining the circumstances under which each applies.
The work of psychologists helps us distinguish between inside information, which is subjective, and may
be prejudiced and unreliable, and the facts: between our predictions and what is"true" in scientific terms.
Psychology, as defined by William James, is about the mind or brain, but although psychologists do study
the brain, we do not understand nearly enough about its workings to be able to comprehend the part that it
plays in the experience and expression of our hopes, fears, and wishes, or in our behaviour during experiences
as varied as giving birth or watching a football match. Indeed, it is rarely possible to study the brain directly.
So, psychologists have discovered more by studying our behaviour, and by using their observations to obtain
hypotheses (假设) about what is going on inside us.
B. the definition of psychology
C. the complexity of psychology
D. the influence of psychology
B. of different thoughts and feelings about psychology
C. people usually make judgments based on their own ideas
D. amateur psychologists cannot use scientific terms
B. with their own experience
C. by observing how it works
D. by watching people"s behaviour
B. William James is considered to be the greatest psychologist in the 1890s.
C. Psychology suggests that living beings adapt to a changing environment so that they can survive.
D. It is important for psychologists, as well as ordinary people, to be aware of the reasons.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 In 1890 William James, the American philosopher and physician and one 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
we really have eaten quite enough. Moreover, it finds, the caloric fallout of not paying attention to what
we"re eating doesn"t necessarily end when a meal is over.
Rose Cooper from England and her colleagues gathered 22 men and an equal number of women for an
experiment. Each person dined alone, continuously receiving nine small shares of food items. These ranged
from cheese twists and potato chips to carrots, cherry tomatoes and sandwiches or sausage rolls.
Because the goal was to test the potential impacts of distraction on fuUness, the researchers randomly
assigned half of the participants to eat in front of a computer-and to gain as many wins as possible at the
"card" game. Everyone else was told to focus on the sensory qualities of their meal.
According to their instructions, the participants ate all of the food given to them. Yet people who played
a computer game during lunch found their meal less filling than the mindful eaters had. Game players also
swallow clown twice as many cookies, almost an hour later, when they were allowed all the dessert they
wanted (in the name of a taste test). The British scientists present their findings in the February American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
The real question is why distracted eating should impact snacking. It appears, the scientists say, that
memory plays some tricky role in how we register what we eat and the degree to which it satisfies.
Interestingly, eight years ago, Britta Barkeling of Huddinge University in Stockholm and her colleagues
reported somewhat related findings. Their 18 overweight subjects had no choice other than to get rid of
everything but lunch, on one day-because they were blindfolded. Compared to a day when they could view
what they were dining on, these people consumed only three quarters as many calories. Yet even hours
afterward, they reported being no less full than on the day they had been able to see their plates.
Of course dining in the dark isn"t practical. And sometimes what we eat doesn"t really invite our absolute
attention. But there is certainly a growing mountain of data indicating that mindless eating is a waste of
resources, a risk to our waistlines-and a costly threat to health.
B. prove that playing computer games is harmful while dining
C. find the possible effects of distraction on fullness
D. test the impacts of eating snacks on different people
B. Blindfolding your eyes.
C. Playing computer games.
D. Eating by oneself.
B. you are cheated by your memory
C. you have consumed more calories
D. you digest what you"ve eaten faster
B. eating snacks will make you feel full
C. Britta became famous because of the experiment
D. playing is more important than what people eat
on iPad were designed from the ground up to take advantage of the large Multi-Touch screen and advanced
capabilities of iPad. And they work in any orientation. So you can do things with these programs that you can"t
do on any other device.
Safari
iPad is the best way to experience the web. View whole pages in portrait or landscape on the large Multi-
Touch screen. And let your fingers do the surfing. All iPad models come with built-in Wi-Fi, and safari can
make iPad connect to the web via high-speed Wi-Fi. And when you"re away from a Wi-Fi network, you should
choose iPad with Wi-Fi +3G, which will make you surf the Internet anywhere, and sign up for access to 3G
data service.
| Email There"s nothing like the Mail program on iPad. With a split-screen view, and expansive onscreen keyboard, it lets you see and touch your email in ways you never could before. Photos A vivid LED-backlit IPS display (显屏) makes viewing photos on iPad extraordinary. Open albums with a tap. Flip through your pictures one by one. Or play a slideshow and share your photos. |  |
| 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 | |
| What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? 1_____ We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. 2_____ Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. 3_____ If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent. 4_____ According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as "That was a very clever thing you did." or "75 " | |
| A. A healthy body contributes to one"s intelligence. B. Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children. C. What people want to express is like this. D. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. E. It needs exercise. F. You are such a smart child. G. These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear. | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Superman had it right if you want to keep something safe, build a mountain fortress (堡垒) above the Arctic Circle. That"s the thinking-more or less-behind the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (地窖). Almost every nation keeps collections of native seeds so local crops can be replanted in case of an agricultural disaster. The Global Seed Vault, opened on the far-northern Norwegian island of Spitsbergen, is a backup for the backups. It"s badly needed-as many as half the seed banks in developing countries are at risk from natural disasters. The vault can hold up to 4.5 million samples, which will be kept dry at about -18℃. Even if the facility (设施) loses power, the Arctic climate should keep the seeds alive for thousands of years. On an unusual old farm in New York City, workers are also storing away the seeds of the future. In this unlikely place, researchers are putting the seeds from flowering plants and trees in a sleeplike state called suspended animation (假死状态). Many years from now, other workers will wake up the sleeping seeds and plant them where they"re most needed. These seeds are like the legendary (传说中的) Rip van Winkle, who fell asleep under a tree and woke up 20 years later. The small farm, called the Greenbelt Native Plant Center, is part of a global effort to save threatened (受到威胁的) plants and trees. The most important step is to collect seeds at exactly the right time-when they are just about ready to fall from the plant. The seeds are being kept in storage at the Greenbelt Center. When planted in the future, these seeds could help restore damaged parklands and forests. | |
| 1. Why is the Global Seed Vault located in a far-northern Norwegian island? | |
| A. Because it is a place to keep everything safe. B. Because half the seed banks in developing countries are at risk. C. Because the climate there is fit for keeping seeds for a long time. D. Because it is the best place to fight against agricultural disasters. | |
| 2. The Greenbelt Native Plant Center in New York City is unusual because _____. | |
| A. it is an old farm in a big city B. it is the largest seed company in the world C. it is set up to save the threatened plants and trees D. it stores the seeds of most kinds of plants in New York City | |
| 3. To store the seeds well and last as long as possible, the most important thing is to _____. | |
| A. collect seeds at the right time B. store them at a constant temperature C. dry them in specially designed rooms D. make it enter a state of suspended animation | |
| 4. The passage is mainly about _____. | |
| A. Global Seed Vault B. saving seeds for the future C. the challenges of collecting seeds for storage D. the efforts made by Greenbelt Center to save plants | |
| 阅读理解。 | |
| Looking back on China"s road to outer space, people can easily find it has not been very smooth. In the past years, Chinese people have made hard and determined efforts to realize the dream their ancestors had for thousands of years. After China"s first satellite into the Earth"s orbit in 1970 came four flights of unmanned Shenzhou missions (飞行) from 1999 to 2002. The country carried out its first one-piloted space flight in October, 2003, making China the third country in the world to have independent human spaceflight ability after the Soviet Union and the United States. Then came another breakthrough on October 12, 2005, when Shenzhou 6, China"s second human spaceflight, was launched, with a crew of two astronauts. What"s more, the landmark (具有里程碑意 义的) spacewalk done by Zhai Zhigang, one of the three boarding Shenzhou 7, launched on Sept. 25, 2008, leads the country further in its space exploration. Meanwhile, China"s moon exploration project, started in 2004, has also been progressing satisfactorily. Fifty years after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the world"s first man-made satellite, China"s first circumlunar (绕月的) satellite Chang"e l took off on Oct. 24, 2007, which became another milestone in China"s space achievements after the above-mentioned manned flights. Chang"e l was expected to fulfill four scientific goals, one of which was to probe (勘探) mineral elements on the moon, especially those not existent on Earth. It"s said that the lunar regolith (月壤) is abundant in helium-3, a clean fuel that may support the Earth"s energy demands for more than a century. Nearly 3 years later, Oct. 1, 2010 witnessed the blasting off of Chang"e 2, China"s 2nd unmanned lunar probe, marking another step forward in moon exploration. This time the aim is to test the key techniques of Chang"e 3 and Chang"e 4, as a preparation for a soft lunar landing in the future. With great expectations, people all over the world are looking forward to China"s greater space achievements. | |
| 1. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE? | |
| A. China sent its first satellite into the Moon"s orbit in 1970. B. China is the third country in Asia to make human spaceflight. C. By now, altogether 5 astronauts have made successful spaceflight by Shenzhou spaceship. D. The launching of Chang"e l became the third milestone in China"s space achievements. | |
| 2. Paragraph 2 mainly deals with information about China"s _____. | |
| A. landmark spacewalk B. manned Shenzhou missions C. first circumlunar satellite D. unmanned Shenzhou missions | |
| 3. We can infer from the text that _____. | |
| A. China"s road to outer space has not been very smooth for a long time B. the lunar regolith is believed to be rich in a clean fuel called helium-3 C. China"s lunar exploration project was started in 2004 and completed in 2007 D. China"s scientists are researching into techniques for soft lunar landing | |
| 4. What can be the best title for the text? | |
| A. Ancient Chinese"s Dream B. China"s Major Space Achievements C. China"s Moon Exploration D. The World"s Great Expectations |