题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
research suggests.
And the under25s who have watched color TV all their lives tend to have colorful adventures in_the_
land_of_nod.
Research from the first half of the 20th century,especially in the 1930s and 1950s,suggested that most
dreams are in black and white.
But results from tests in the 1960s and later suggested that up to 80 per cent of dreams contain some
colors.
Since this period marked the transition (过渡) from blackandwhite films and TV to widespread
Technicolor (彩色印片法),an obvious explanation was that television was influencing dreams,but
differences between the studies prevented the researchers from drawing any firm conclusions.
Later studies asked subjects (实验对象) to complete dream diaries immediately they woke up,but
the earlier research used questionnaires completed in the middle of the day,so the subjects might have
simply forgotten color elements in their dreams and assumed they were grey.
To solve the pr
oblem,psychologist Eva Murzyn asked 60 subjects,half of whom were under 25 and halfover 55,to answer a questionnaire on the color of their dreams and their childhood exposure (暴露) to
films and TV.
The subjects then recorded different aspects of their dreams in a diary every morning.
She found there was no significant difference between results drawn from the questionnaires and the
dream diaries.
She then analyzed data to find out whether an early exposure to blackandwhite TV or films could still
have a lasting effect on her subjects"dreams,40 years later.
Less than five per cent of the under25s"dreams were black and white.But the over55s who had access
to blackandwhite media in their younger days reported dreaming in black and white roughly a quarter of
the time.
Murzyn said,"There could be a critical period in our childhood when watching films has a big influence
on the way dreams are formed." People"s attention might be heightened during the time they are watching
TV or films.
B．the 1930s
C．the 1950s
D．the 1960s and later
g B．during travelling
C．in a dream world
D．when th
ey are thinkingB．both diaries and questionnaires were used
C．more advanced technology was used
D．subjects were given more time to record their dreams
B．the results of the previous studies on dreams couldn"t be trusted
C．older people are more likely to be influenced by TV viewing
D．the colors of TV sets are more likely to appear in viewers"dreams
B．TV viewing has different influences on different people.
C．Childhood TV viewing may determine the color of dreams.
D．Childhood TV viewing may influence a person"s later life.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 The over55s who grew up watching blackandwhite programs and films are mo】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
education experts. The National Governors Association (NGA) and the Council of Chief State School
Officers (CCSSO) led the effort.
The United States, unlike other nations, has never had the same school standards across the country. What is the reason? Education is not discussed in the Constitution. That document limits the
responsibilities of the federal government. Other responsibilites, like education, fall to each state.
Local control of education probably was a good idea two hundred years ago. People stayed in the
same place and schools knew what students needed to learn. But today, people move to different cities.
And some people work at jobs that did not exist even twenty years ago.
Many American educators say that getting a good education should not depend on where you live.
They say that some states have lowered their standards in order to increase student scores on tests
required by the No Child Left behind Act.
Kara Schlosser is communications director for the CCSSO. She says the new standards clearly state
what a student should be able to do to be successful in college and work.
Forty--eight states have a1ready shown approval for the standards. Two states refuse to accept the
idea. Critics say that working toward the same standards in every state will not guarantee excellence for
all. Some educators in Massachusetts say adopting the national standards will hurt their students because
the state standards are even higher. Others say the change will be too costly, requiring new textbooks
and different kinds of training for teachers. Still others fear federal control.
Supporters say the standards are goals and do not tell states or teachers how to teach. They also say
the federal government is not forcing acceptance. However, approving the standards will help states
qualify (取得资格)for some federal grant money.
1. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Local Control of Education Standards out of Date
B. American National Education Standards under Consideration
C. Education Standards in Each State--Good or Bad.
D. Acceptance of the New Standards in the United States
2. Why is local control of education no 1onger a good idea today?
A. Because local standards are limited.
B. Because it is required by the federal government.
C. Because people today moves among states more often than before.
D. Because America has never had the same school standards throughout the country.
3. Some people are against the nationa1 education standards because__________
A. the standards are higher than those of each state
B. they are not yet prepared for the new standards
C. the standards may prevent some students gaining excellence
D. they don"t want the federal government to train their teachers
4. If a state agrees to accept the national standards, it will probably get ________.
A. more students
B. advice on how to improve teaching
C. better textbooks
D. money from the federal government
1 the news that New York University (NYU) is opening a campus on Chinese mainland, the
possibility of getting an American education is coming closer to a 2 .
But how will Chinese students deal with a very different style of teaching? 3 that encourages
debate, discussion and critical thinking?
You know how kids constantly ask questions? They have so much to learn and simply 4
information. Asking questions _5_ they are curious.
So 6 does that natural 7 become weaker? Not at kindergarten, nor at primary school. But
perhaps with puberty(青春期) 8 self-consciousness and a reluctance to draw attention to
yourself by asking the teacher questions.
9 , that"s a pity, because asking your teachers questions should be encouraged. After all, they"ve
been educated, 10 a lot more experience than you and perhaps possess a little wisdom.
When I taught journalism at college in Scotland I 11 answering students" questions. Some of them
asked difficult ones. I didn"t always know the answers. If I didn"t, I"d admit 12 and try to find out
later.
At university we were encouraged to challenge our peers and tutors. A student would prepare a
paper on a subject and other students would 13 it. It was a way of 14 critical and logical
thinking.
You can learn to think logically, 15 some of the more difficult problems would probably require
advanced math. Having a logical mind can help develop critical thinking.
My wife doesn"t have a logical mind, but she does have emotional intelligence. An ability to
empathize(有同感) with people, relate to them and 16 their personalities is also important to
critical thinking.
I can"t claim to have 17 like her emotional intelligence, but I"d like to think some of it has
influenced me. If you can"t 18 try to put yourself in someone else"s 19 , how can you understand
their situation and their problems?
So try to develop your powers of critical thinking. 20 books, films, music and newspapers. And
don"t believe everything you read or see. Think for yourself.
| ( )1. A. With ( )2. A. goal ( )3. A. Which ( )4. A. ask ( )5. A. shows ( )6. A. when ( )7. A. character ( )8. A. gets ( )9. A. Even so ( )10. A. having ( )11. A. enjoyed ( )12. A. it ( )13. A. refuse ( )14. A. promoting ( )15. A. although ( )16. A. get ( )17. A. everything ( )18. A. at least ( )19. A .problems ( )20. A. Choose from | B. As B. reality B. One B. find B. explains B. where B. ability B. exists B. If not B. have B. hated B. them B. follow B. worsening B. as if B. view B. nothing B. at most B. status B. Start with | C.From C. dream C. It C. look C. predicts C. what C. intelligence C. comes C. Even if C. having had C. met C. what C. criticize C. discussing C. so C. read C. something C. in the least C. shoes C. Have a look at | D. In D. challenge D. Anything D. want D. requires D. why D. curiosity D. runs D. If so D. to have D. avoided D. one D. ignore D. increasing D. however D. have D. anything D. first of all D. attitude D. Depend on |
| 阅读理解 | |||
| Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that men and animals possess,if they are properly used.If fire did not hurt when it burnt,children would play it until their hands were burnt away. Similarly,if pain existed but fear did not,a child would burn itself again and again,because fear would not warn the child to keep away from the fire that had burnt him or her before.A really fearless soldier-and some do exist-is not a good soldier because he is soon killed；and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which men and animals might soon die out. In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used.If,for example,you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car,you are letting fear rule you too much.Even in your house you are not absolutely safe:a plane may crash on your house,or ants may eat away some of the wood in your roof,and they later may fall on you,or you may get cancer! The important thing is not to let fear rule you,but instead to use fear as your servant and guide.Fear will warn you of dangers；then you have to decide what action to take. In many cases,you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger.For example,you see a car coming straight towards you；fear warns you,you jump out of the way,and all is OK. In some cases,however,you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger.For example,you cannot prevent a plane from crashing into your house,and you may not want to go and live in a desert where there are no plants.In this case,fear has given you its warning；you have examined it and decided on your course of action,so fear of this particular danger is no longer of any use to you,and you have to try to overcome it. | |||
| 1．Children would play with fire until their hands were burnt away if________. | |||
| A．they were given no warning beforehand B．they didn"t have any sense of pain at all C．they had never burnt themselves D．they felt afraid of the fire | |||
| 2．A really fearless soldier________. | |||
| A．is of a little use to his army B．is not afraid of battles at all C．is nothing but a dead soldier D．is easy to get killed in a battle | |||
| 3．People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding dangers because________. | |||
| A．they are warned of the danger and take quick action B．they are quick both in mind and in action C．they are calm in face of danger D．they have gained much experience | |||
| 4．It is implied but not stated that________. | |||
| A．fear is always something helpful B．too much fear is harmful C．fear should be used as a servant and guide D．fear is something strange and particular | |||
| 情景交际 | |||
| Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.1.________ The scientists say that the human life h  as changed greatly.Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses.2.________So they are called "diseases of civilization"．Many cancers and diseases of th  e blood system are examples of such diseases.Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the N  ew Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco,probably none.3.________However,a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today. Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat,which had much less fat than domestic ones.They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits.They did not have milk or any other dairy products,and they made very little use of grains.4.________We eat six times more salt than our ancestors.We eat more sugar.We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C. 5．________But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did,cutting the amount of fatty,salty and sweet food. | |||
| A．Stone Age people lived a simple life. B．But today,we enjoy eating a lot of these. C．In that case,they would live much healthier. D．Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise. E．These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. F．People today probably don"t want to live like our ancestors. G．Modern people used to suffer from "diseases of civilization"． | |||
| In recent years many countries have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts believe that the answer is to make jobs more varied. Do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is something to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker"s life more enjoyable, it does not make him work harder. So variety is not important. Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is very little that can be done to achieve this. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are said to be experimenting with having many small production lines rather than a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem then that the degree of workers" contribution is important. To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves cartainly think this is important, but perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if companies succeed in making workers" jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them. | |||
| 1. Which of the following things will not increase productivity? | |||
| A. Making jobs more varied. B. Giving workers freedom to do their jobs in their own way. C. Increasing workers" contribution to production. D. Longer working hours. | |||
| 2. The last sentence in this passage means that if companies manage to make workers"jobs more interesting, ________. | |||
| A. they will want more money B. they will demand shorter working hours C. more money and shorter working hours are important D. more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them | |||
| 3. In this passage, the writer tells us________. | |||
| A. how to make workers more productive B. possible factors leading  to greater productivityC. more money leads to greater productivity D. how to make workers" jobs more interesting |