题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably. Adperson’s self concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people"s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people ,have low self-esteem(自尊), are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance（再保证，放心） that they are doing “the right thing”. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism. It makes them feel inferior(自卑).They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise . A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one:” You’re just saying that to make me feel good .I know it"s not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely got rid of ,or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination. It is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths, for example, not fair for them to label themselves inferior because they have to be realistic. Living on the impossible leads to absence of inferiority. Each one of us has his or her own characteristics. We are interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves. the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.
小题1:The first paragraph is mainly about ________.
| A．the thoughts of shy people |
| B．the cause of shyness |
| C．the effect of shyness on people |
| D．the questions in the minds of shy people |
| A．harmful to people | B．a weak point of shy people |
| C．the cause of unhappiness | D．a good characteristic |
| A．They are pleased by it | B．They feel it is not true |
| C．They are very sensitive to it | D．They feel they are worthy of it |
| A．help us to live up to our full development |
| B．enable us to understand ourselves better |
| C．block our chances for a successful life |
| D．have nothing to do with lack of self esteem |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲了害羞的负面影响以及针对如何克服害羞这个问题提出了一些建议。
小题1:第一自然段主要讲了胆怯对人们的影响，故选C。
小题2:根据It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.故选D。
小题3:l根据A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one:” You’re just saying that to make me feel good .I know it"s not true.”，可知答案为 B。
小题4:根据The better we understand ourselves. the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.故选C。
点评：先阅读问题，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。这篇文章非常容易，根据问题找到相关问题的段落或句子，便可选出答案。
核心考点
试题【Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Each year there is an increasing number of cars on roads and streets as millions of new cars and trucks are produced. One out of every six Americans works at putting together the parts of cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling cars and trucks with gas. 1
Most Americans would find it hard to imagine what life would look like without cars. 2 . The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.
3 . That’s what several of the large car factories have been trying to do. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field has been slow.
Another way is to take the place of the car engine by something else. 4 . Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model that pleases man.
To prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we’ll have to make some changes in the way many of us live. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars. They are encouraged to travel and go to work by bicycle. Bicycling is thought to help the air clean. But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory closes down. 5 .
Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.
| A．Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment. |
| B．Americans know cars very well. |
| C．However, some have realized the serious problems of the air pollution that is caused by cars. |
| D．One way to get rid of the polluted air is to build a car that does not pollute. |
F. Americans won’t live without cars!
G. Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars.
Plant and animals often use color to attract attention. The substances responsible for these colors belong to a class of chemical called antioxidants(抗氧化物). Plants make antioxidant to protect themselves from the sun’s ultraviolet(UV)(紫外线)light.
Ultraviolet light causes chemicals called free radicals(自由基)to form within plant cells. They can destroy parts of plant. Free radicals also have damaging effects on human beings. Some of these effects like wrinkled skin can be seen. The damage is caused by the free radicals attacking cells in our bodies. Certain cancers and heart disease are linked to free radicals.
Our bodies have natural defences for fighting off free radicals. While we are young, our defences are pretty strong. However, they get weaker as we get older. The body’s built-in defences can only go so far without extra help.
The key to fighting free radicals with fruits and vegetables is to mix and match colors. It’s like sunscreen(防晒霜)for the inside of your body. Go for a range of very bright colors. Colorful foods contain hundreds of healthy chemicals not found anywhere else.
Research into how chemicals in blueberries affect the brain’s function in rats suggests that these chemicals may help our own brains work more efficiently.
Don’t just blame the sun. Ultraviolet light isn’t the only source of free radicals. If you breathe polluted air such as smog, automobile exhaust(废气), or wasted gas from a factory, you take in chemicals that also cause such damage. And, the body itself produces free radicals as it processes food.
小题1:Which of the following not true?
| A．Antioxidants are responsible for plant colors |
| B．Plants use color to attract attention |
| C．Antioxidants can protect plants from UV light |
| D．Antioxidants help free radicals to attack plants |
a Wrinkled skin can be seen
b UV light causes free radicals to form
c Free radicals damage cells in our bodies
d The sun gives out UV light
| A．a,b,c,d | B．d,b,c,a |
| C．c,a,d,b | D．d,b,a,c |
| A．our bodies’ defences are not natural |
| B．we are too young to defend ourselves |
| C．our defences get weaker as we get older |
| D．our bodies’ built-in defences can only go away |
| A．Colorful food | B．UV light from the sun |
| C．Polluted air | D．The body itself |
It’s not news that we spend more time than ever texting and online.1 Yes, that’s right: a 2010 study shows that more teens are reading good old-fashioned, ink-on-paper books.
Reading is a good way to discover the next big thing and to learn a little more about yourself while you’re at it.2 Here are some tips.
Start with your interests
Reading on your own isn’t like reading for school. You can pick something that’s all about your interests, whether it’s ancient martial arts, computers, or fashion design.
Reading the blurbs(简介)
The reviews and quotes on the back and inside covers of many books are called “blurbs”. 3if you find a book you really like, take a minute to read the quotes(if there are any) and see which authors praised the book. Often, they’ll have similar styles and you might find you like books by those authors too.
Ask an expert
4 Explain your interests--- rock stars, sports teams, historical events, humors, whatever you’re into—and any writers you like, and your librarian can point you toward books that you’ll love.
Finally, you’ll probably enjoy what you’re reading a lot more if you find a quiet place and make time for the book.5 You can put on some good music(ideally without lyrics), get yourself some tea and a comfy spot, and let yourself be carried away by the book.
You’ll see that time does fly when you are reading something you love!
| A．Join a group with your friends and people you trust. |
| B．But do you know how to pick a book you’ll really like? |
| C．But did you know that we also spend more time reading? |
| D．Your local library can hook you up with a whole lot of great book ideas. |
F. We all multitask, but most reading is best enjoyed when you can concentrate and focus on it.
G. They give you an idea of what the book is about, and can also help you pick future books too.
The research has found that teenagers’ brains continue developing far longer into adulthood than we used to think. Teens may look like young adults but their brain structure is similar to that of much younger children.
“It is not always easy for teens to pay attention in class without letting their minds wander, or to ignore distractions from their younger brothers or sisters when trying to solve a maths problem,” said Dr Iroise Dumon-theil. “But it’s not the fault of teenagers that they can’t pay attention and are easily distracted. It’s to do with the structure of their brains. Teens simply can’t think as well as an adult.”
The research showed that the brain of a teenager works less effectively than that of an adult. “We knew that the front of the brain of teens functioned in a chaotic (混乱的) way but we didn’ t realize it continued until the late 20s or early 30s,” said Dr Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, who led the research.
Chaotic thought patterns are a result of teenagers’ brains containing too much grey matter — the cell bodies and connections which carry messages within the brain. As we age, the amount of grey matter in our brain reduces.
“What our research has shown is that there is simply too much going on in the brains of teens,” said Blakemore. “The result is that their brain energy and resources are wasted and their decision-making process is badly influenced. Adults, on the other hand, have less grey matter. This means that the brain works far more effectively.”
小题1:The underlined word “solace” in Paragraph 1 may mean _____.
| A． notice | B．medicine | C．comfort | D．action |
| A．teens’ brains continue to do much needless work |
| B．the grey matter in young children’s front brain becomes active |
| C．people are not likely to be distracted until their late 30s |
| D．adults are more independent than teens |
| A．It makes us always feel disappointed. |
| B．It makes us more intelligent. |
| C．It had a bad effect on the growth of teens. |
| D．It had a bad effect on decision-making. |
| A．Teens have different brains from those of children. |
| B．Adults work more effectively than teens. |
| C．Grey matter makes teens unable to pay attention. |
| D．Brain energy is wasted in the brain’s activity. |
It is always more important to know how to study by oneself than to memorize some facts or a formula(公式). It is actually quite easy to learn a certain fact in history or a formula in mathematics. But it is very difficult to use a formula in working out a math problem. Great scientists before us didn’t get everything from school .Their teachers only showed them the way. Edison did not even finish primary school. But they were all so successful. They invented so many things for mankind. The reason for their success is that they knew how to study. They read books that were not taught at school . They would ask many questions as they read. They did thousands of experiments. They worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. Above all , they knew how to use their brain.
小题1: To work out a math problem, you need to know __________.
| A．only a certain formula |
| B．how to memorize some facts |
| C．only some facts |
| D．the method to work it out |
| A．They received good education. |
| B．They were very clever. |
| C．They knew how to learn. |
| D．They learned lots of facts and formulas. |
| A．They read a lot of books and asked many questions while reading. |
| B．They did thousands of experiments. |
| C．They always worked hard and never wasted time. |
| D．All of the above. |
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