题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Every year, damp air masses，known as monsoon，produce large amounts of rainfall in India, East Asia, Northern Australia and East Africa. All this wet air is pulled in by a high pressure area over the Indian Ocean and a low pressure area to the south.
According to Edward Cook , a weather expert at Columbia University in New York., the complex nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict. In addition, climate records for the area are too recent and not detailed enough to be of much use. Therefore, he and a team of researchers spent more than fifteen years traveling across Asia, looking for trees old enough to provide long-term records. They measured the rings, or circles, inside thousands of ancient trees in more than 300 places.
Rainfall has a direct link to the growth and width of rings on some kinds of trees. The researchers developed a document they are calling a Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas. It shows the effect of monsoons over seven centuries, beginning in the 1300s.
Professor Cook says the tree-ring records show periods of wet and dry weather. “If the monsoon basically fails or is a very weak one, the trees affected by monsoons at that location might put on a very narrow ring. But if the monsoon is very strong, the trees affected by that monsoon might put on a wide ring for that year. So, the wide and narrow ring widths of the chronology that we developed in Asia provide us with a measure of monsoon variability.” With all this information, researchers say they can begin to improve computer climate models for predicting the behavior of monsoons.
“There has been widespread famine and starvation and human dying in the past in large droughts. And on the other hand, if the monsoon is particularly heavy, it can cause extensive flooding.” said Eugene Wahl, a scientist with America’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “So, to get a sense of what the regional moisture patterns have been, dryness and wetness over such a long period of time in great detail, I would call it a kind of victory for climate science.”
小题1:What’s the passage mainly about？
| A．The effects of Asian monsoons. |
| B．The necessity of weather forecast. |
| C．The achievements of Edward cook. |
| D．A breakthrough in monsoon prediction. |
| A．it is hard to keep long-term climate records. |
| B．they are formed under complex climate systems. |
| C．they influence many nations. |
| D．there is heavy rainfall in Asia. |
| A．Long and detailed climate records can offer useful information for monsoon research. |
| B．The Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas has a monsoon record for about 1,300 years. |
| C．The trees affected by monsoon grow fast if the monsoon is weak. |
| D．The rainfall might be low although the monsoon is strong in monsoon-affected areas. |
| A．determine the regional climate. |
| B．have a great influence on the regional climate. |
| C．offer people information about the regional climate. |
| D．reflect all kinds of regional climate information. |
| A．Matter-of –fact | B．Pessimistic | C．Humorous | D．Friendly. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:A
解析
试题分析：
因为亚洲季风是在复杂的气候条件下形成的，所以很难预测。本文介绍了科学家利用树木的年轮了解历史上季风的发生规律，以便更好预测未来季风的发生。
小题1:主旨大意题。文章开头在介绍季风造成的危害后指出季风发生的不确定性导致其难以预测。接下来介绍了科学家通过观察研究树木年轮，极为详细地了解了过去相当长时期内季风的发生规律，应被视为a kind of victory for climate science (气候科学的胜利)。故D项正确。breakthrough: 突破。
小题2: 细节题。由…the complex nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict.可知，亚洲复杂的气候系统导致季风难以预测。故答案为B。
小题3:推断题。由最后一段Eugene Wahl的话可以推知。B项数据错误，The Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas对于季风的记录为700年。C、D两项错误明显。雨水不足时，树木生长慢而不是快；季风强劲时，降雨量应该大而不是小。故答案为A。
小题4:细节题。由第五段So, the wide and narrow ring widths of the chronology that we developed in Asia provide us with a measure of monsoon variability.一句可知，树木年轮的宽窄向我们提供了一个衡量季风种类恶尺度。故C项正确。A, B两项颠倒了因果关系；D项犯了扩大化的错误。
小题5:本文可观叙述了亚洲季风的危害、难以预测性以及科学家们的工作和他们的成果，没有作者个人的观点或明显的个人情感。故答案选A. matter-of-fact: 就事论事的、客观的。pessimistic: 悲观的。humorous: 幽默的。friendly: 有好的。
核心考点
试题【Half of the world’s population is affected by Asian monsoons（季风）, but monsoons a】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Bird Watching Equipment
Some items that might make bird watching more enjoyable are binoculars （ 双目望远镜） , a camera, some kind of system for keeping notes, and maybe a back pack． Birders often keep lists of the birds they see along with notes about the habits． There is some great bird log software that will let you keep records on your computer． For more details on choosing binoculars see our Binocular -Optics page．
Clothes
If you are walking through a wooded area just wear clothes you would wear on any hike or field trip． You are best off wearing clothes with dull colors that mix into the background． Greens, browns, and grays are good． Avoid fabrics that rustle（沙沙响）easily． Depending on the birds you are watching you may want to get rain gear, rubber boots and warm clothing． For birds such as owls that you might look for in the evening a strong flashlight is also handy．
Choosing a Bird Field Guide
Take a good field guide to identify birds． Look for clear color pictures that make it easy to recognize one bird from another． Next to each picture should be detailed descriptions of each bird"s anatomy, habits, and what it eats． The guide should have information about what habitat each species uses． Many guides have maps showing the range of different birds along with their migration patterns．
Where and When to see Birds
Learning the habitats of birds in your area will increase the number of birds you see, and make your birding more enjoyable． If you know that Meadow larks are likely to be in open grassy areas, and dippers are forage along stream beds, you may be looking for them if you are in those types of habitats． Edge areas where different types of habitats meet will likely have more species in them． You are more likely to see specific birds at certain times of the day． For example songbirds are easier to see two to three hours after dawn, or just before sunset． This is when songbirds are most actively feeding． Many small birds will be silent or even hidden during the rest of the day． After sunup is the best time to see eagles and hawks． Visibility is best for hunting at this time, and they can soar on the thermal currents from the warmed air． Birds like owls are more likely to be seen in the evening． Many shorebirds and waders rest at high tide and feed when the water rises or falls．
Photographing Birds
Patience in Bird Photography
Most birds are afraid of people, and all species have their own comfort zone． With a little time you can learn the comfort zone of the birds you are photographing． Once they know that you are not a threat you may be able to get closer．
Type or Style
Your reason for photographing birds may determine your style and the kind of equipment you use． If you are just recording the kinds of birds you see you don"t need to get as close, and you can use less expensive equipment, then you need for high quality prints.
Photographing Birds in Flight
Photographing birds in flight can be fun． Many digital cameras have a tracking function． With these you focus on the bird, and then as you track it the lens will keep focus．
Use Your Yard
Choose an open area where the birds will get direct sunlight, showing off their magnificent colors．
Try using props
Birds will often land on a stick or post near a seed feeder before going to the feeder． The background was just an out of focus fence but you can use anything you want for a background, and then wait for a bird to perch.
小题1:The main purpose of the passage is to _____.
| A．attract more people to photograph birds |
| B．help birders learn how to identify and understand birds |
| C．call on people to set some comfort zones for birds |
| D．inform birders of the results of a scientific research on birds |
| A．red | B．yellow | C．brown | D．blue |
| A．Owls | B．Shorebirds | C．Songbirds | D．Larks |
| A．A stick in the yard may scares birds off when you are photographing them． |
| B．It will be wise for birders to hire a guide for themselves． |
| C．Birders have to bring some notebooks to keep records of birds" habits． |
| D．A flashlight will come in handy when you look for owls． |
The UK has a long history of welcoming international students to study in its universities and colleges. In the UK last year there were over 104,000 international students. Choosing which university or college to go to was like a life-changing decision. Do as much research as possible so that you choose the right course for the right reason.
How to apply for higher education
All applications for higher education courses are made using our online application system, which is available 24 hours a day. You fill in the application form online and it does not need to be completed all at once. Please see the When to Apply page to check the dates by which we should receive your completed application.
Choosing a higher education course to study
Try to do a lot of research when deciding which courses to apply for. You will probably want to find out even more before you accept an offer of a place on a course. When you accept an offer of a place, make sure that all of your questions have been answered. Ask teachers if there is anything to prepare before the course starts. They may suggest that you look at certain books on the course reading list or that you improve your computer skills.
Other help and advice
Unistats is a website that can help you to research subjects and universities before deciding where to apply. You can compare subjects, compare universities and explore useful information about getting a job after graduation. Unistats has statistical (统计的) information on universities, colleges, subjects and teaching style.
Yougo is a student-only networking site where you can meet other applicants online and talk about what you hope to study and the university you hope to attend.
If you have any questions, please call us at 0044-330-333-0230.
小题1:One who wants to get into a university in the UK________.
| A．must have a good reason to study abroad |
| B．can make an application on the Internet |
| C．should create more learning programs |
| D．will be asked to send a plan to a teacher |
| A．learn basic computer skills in the UK when possible |
| B．get to know as many teachers as possible in the UK |
| C．do much research before choosing a college major |
| D．borrow certain books before going abroad to study. |
| A．select the best university and subject |
| B．meet other teenage students online |
| C．study further after finishing a course |
| D．compare colleges at home and abroad |
| A．To give information about higher education in the UK. |
| B．To describe the types of universities across the UK. |
| C．To introduce the UK education system to students. |
| D．To attract international students to study in the UK. |
Out of the country’s 12.2 million pupils only 851,536 speak English at home, yet 7.6 million pupils choose English as their favorite language of learning and teaching. Zulu is the most widely spoken home language, spoken by over 3.1 million pupils. However, less than a third of them choose to be taught in Zulu. The same thing is true of Pedi-speaking pupils, only a third of such pupils choosing to be taught in their home language. Besides English,
Afrikaans is the only language that has more pupils choosing it as their language of instruction than it has pupils who speak it at home. In primary schools, most pupils will choose African languages. As early as grade four, many would choose English or Afrikaans in their lessons.
The rising number of English-learning pupils is mainly caused by social and cultural reasons. English is the most common spoken language in official and public life in South Africa, the survey reports. In April 2011, the leaders of higher education and training said that they would take some steps to improve the university teaching and prevent the continuing decline of African languages. They suggested that in future every South African university student could be required to learn at least one African language in order to complete their studies at school.
小题1: We can learn from the passage that most South African pupils__________.
| A．speak English both at home and at school |
| B．are required to learn two languages at school |
| C．choose English as their primary school language |
| D．are expected to speak their native language at home. |
| A．Afrikaans is the most popular home language in South Africa |
| B．it’s easier for South African pupils to learn Afrikaans at school. |
| C．the number of South African pupils learning Afrikaans has increased |
| D．many South African pupils use Afrikaans at school instead of at home. |
| A．going downhill |
| B．spreading widely |
| C．growing upwards |
| D．developing further |
| A．The use of native languages in South African families. |
| B．The language choice and use among South African pupils. |
| C．The progress in South Africa’s language teaching education |
| D．The spread of English at schools in South Africa. |
“It is only under an absolute emissions cap that carbon emission permits will become a scarce resource and possess the qualities of a commodity,” the State Council‟s Development and Research Center said in a paper in Seeking Truth, a magazine published by the ruling party.
China has traditionally baulked(犹豫) at the idea of emissions caps either on a regional basis or for industrial sectors, invoking a key Kyoto protocol principle that puts most of the burden of cutting green-house gases on developed countries.
China, the world ‘s biggest emitter of greenhouse gases, has also been under external pressure to make stronger commitments in the battle against global warming .The country has been the biggest beneficiary(受益人) of the Clean Development Mechanism, a UN-backed scheme that allows industrialized countries to meet their CO2 reduction targets by purchasing certified emission reductions or CERs from low-carbon projects launched in developing nations.
However, the European Union, the biggest buyer of CERs, has said it will not accept CERs generated by Chinese projects once the first phase of its Emissions Trading Scheme ends in 2012, though projects already registered will remain valid.
小题1: What does China hope to do in the next five years?
| A．to cut its emissions by 45% |
| B．to set up a carbon market |
| C．to have lower emissions than other countries |
| D．to increase both emissions and production |
| A．they care about the environment |
| B．emissions harm people’s health |
| C．of pressure from other countries |
| D．they want more profit for their factories |
| A．Countries can buy the right to produce as much carbon emissions as they like. |
| B．All countries are required to set a carbon emissions cap and can then get certificates on how developed their environmental programme is. |
| C．Developed countries are allowed to produce more emissions than industrial countries. |
| D．Developed countries can buy the right to produce more carbon emissions from developing countries that produce less. |
| A．Air pollution is still increasing the problem of climate change all over the world. |
| B．China is still resisting cutting emissions as it is necessary for the manufacturing industry. |
| C．China believes that it is free from meeting international standards on emissions. |
| D．China will need to cut its emissions in the near future in order to keep up with the international community |
Diet products weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie（卡）, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the counter instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food brands.
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.
小题1:The first paragraph mainly tells us _____.
| A．diet products can bring out people’s potential |
| B．people have difficulty in choosing diet products |
| C．diet products are misleading people |
| D．people are fed up with diet products |
| A．resist a variety of diet foods |
| B．hesitate before they enjoy diet foods |
| C．pay attention to their own eating habits |
| D．watch their weight rather than their diet |
| A．to warn people of the side effect of diet products |
| B．to tell people how to lose weight |
| C．to advise people to eat diet products |
| D．to introduce some diet products |
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion
最新试题
- 1（辨析）生活在良好的文化环境中，自然就能形成较高的文化素养
- 2经研究表明，光是一种电磁波，光波和一切波一样也具有波动性．在组成白光的七种单色光中，红光波长最长、频率最低，紫光波长最短
- 3下列图片展示的建筑物中，属于西亚地区建筑艺术风格的是（ ）
- 4划分人种的依据是（ ）A．人类语言文字的差异B．人类生活习惯的差异C．人类生活区域的不同D．人类体质方面的特征
- 5You must have heard these words like how happy it is to be a
- 6第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节 单项填空(共15小题, 每小题1分，满分15分.) 21. The
- 7The driver ____ all his pockets but still couldn"t find the
- 8读下图，完成下列各题。小题1:若此图为热力环流侧视图，甲乙为相距不远的陆地，②③为水平气流，①④为垂直气流，则甲乙丙丁四
- 9工业上生产硫酸时，将SO2氧化为SO3是关键一步．（1）某温度下，2 SO2（g）+O2（g）⇌2SO3（g）；△H=-
- 10听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C二个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对活后
热门考点
- 1纬度相同的各地，在同一天A．正午太阳高度相同B．自转的角速度不同C．地方时相同D．白昼长短不同，日出日落时间相同
- 2对下边两幅示意图的叙述，正确的是（ ）①图一是秦始皇建立的专制主义中央集权政治的重要组成部分 ②图一中的相权相对分散
- 3某同学学习了开花结果后，想观察一下玉米怎样结出果实、种子的。于是种了一些玉米，让他感到意外的是，用其他植物的花粉进行授粉
- 4遗传学家把同种生物同一性状的不同表现形式称_______________。
- 5下列行为属于学习行为的是（ ）A．孔雀开屏B．小鸟喂鱼C．母鸡孵卵D．猴子走钢丝
- 6阅读材料20世纪早期，陈独秀认为:“近代欧洲之所以优越他族者，科学之兴，其功不在人权之下，若舟车之有两轮焉，------
- 7鸟类能消灭大量农林害虫的是在（ ）A．筑巢B．产卵C．孵卵D．育雏
- 8清朝大兴“文字狱”与秦朝“焚书坑儒”、西汉“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的根本目的是：[ ]A．防止人民反抗 B．为
- 9当代中国最基本的国情是 [ ]A．我国是世界上
- 10关于生物进化的总趋势说法不正确的是 ( ) A．从简单到复杂B．从低等到高等C．从个体小到个体大D．从水生到陆生