题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
The controller working alone in the tower fell asleep and was out of communication for 16 minutes while a medical flight carrying a patient was trying to land at about 2 A.M. Wednesday at Reno-Tahoe International Airport in Nevada, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said in a statement.
The FAA announced that it is also investigating a controller who fell asleep Monday at Boeing King County International Airport in Seattle and two controllers who were unresponsive at McGhee Tyson Airport in Knoxville, Tennessee on Feb.19.
“I am sick of this,” Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Chairman Jay Rockefeller, a West Virginia Democrat, said in a statement. “We can’t have a system where some of the people responsible for safety are asleep at the switch.”
As the incidents pile up, sleep experts say it demonstrates that the agency faces a systemic issue with the thousands of people expected to work through the night in safety-critical jobs. Scientific research shows that workers on midnight shifts make more errors because it is so difficult for the body to adapt to sleeping during the day, they say.
The agency will add an extra controller at the 27 towers staffed with one worker on the midnight shift, the FAA statement said.
Representative John Mica, the Florida Republican who chairs the House transportation committee, criticized the decision to add controllers. “Only in the federal government would you double up on workers, averaging $161,000 per year in salary and benefits, that aren’t doing their job,” Mica said in a statement. Mica has pushed legislation that would allow as many as 90 smaller airports to switch from federal to private controllers.
“People have known these problems with fatigue(疲劳)have existed for years,” said John Goglia, a Boston-based aviation safety consultant. “They’re now showing up. The FAA is admitting they exist. Now the FAA needs to work on it.”
The four controllers in Nevada, Seattle and Texas have been suspended(暂时停职) during the investigations, the FAA said.
小题1:The underlined part “double up on workers” means “______”.
A.add two more workers | B.staff two workers at a post |
C.settle two workers in a double room | D.give the workers double pay |
A.is a known potential danger | B.has never appeared before |
C.is common for day-time shift workers | D.seldom shows up at night |
A.A controller fell asleep without communication for 16 minutes in Knoxville, Tennessee. |
B.A medical flight carrying a patient failed to land with the controller asleep. |
C.Jay Rockefeller pays little attention to sleeping at the switch. |
D.Mica refused to support the decision to staff more controllers on the midnight shift. |
A.All the controllers in the US were working alone while they were on duty |
B.The incidents are rooted in fatigue problems and those on midnight shifts need an extra nap |
C.In the U.S. , thousands of people expect to work through the night in safety-critical jobs |
D.The agency has added an extra controller at the 27 towers |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:
小题1:猜词题:从第六段的句子:The agency will add an extra controller at the 27 towers staffed with one worker on the midnight shift, the FAA statement said.可知这里指的是一个岗位上有两个工人。选B
小题2:细节题:从倒数第二段的句子:“People have known these problems with fatigue(疲劳)have existed for years,” 说明疲劳是大家都知道的潜在的危险。选A
小题3:细节题:从倒数第三段的句子:Representative John Mica, the Florida Republican who chairs the House transportation committee, criticized the decision to add controllers. 可知Mica反对增加控制人员。选D
小题4:推理题;从第五段的句子:Scientific research shows that workers on midnight shifts make more errors because it is so difficult for the body to adapt to sleeping during the day, they say.说明上夜班的工作人员会犯错是因为人的身体不能适应白天睡觉,需要额外的小憩一下。选B
点评:这是一则新闻报道,关于控制飞机的人员上班是打盹的情况,分析了原因和解决措施和不同的观点,做题时要细心推理,小心求证,对不同的人说的话要分辨清楚。
核心考点
试题【WASHINGTON---At least four more U.S. air-traffic controllers are caught nodding 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Brazil’s population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.
Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.
“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards life, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people aware of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”
小题1:According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth _____.
A.by educating its citizens |
B.by careful family planning |
C.by developing TV programmes |
D.by chance |
A.They haven’t attached much importance to birth control. |
B.They would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate. |
C.They haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population. |
D.They neglected the role of TV plays in family planning |
A.they keep people sitting long hours watching TV |
B.they have gradually changed people’s way of life |
C.people are drawn to their attractive package |
D.they popularize birth control measures |
According to the report, the picture of the earth in the year 2020 is not a 47 one. The world will be more 48 because the population will continue to grow. The population could be 49 9,000 million, almost 3,000 million more than that in 2009. More people would move into cities, especially cities in 50 countries. Cities in India and Thailand probably would 51 have a population of 20 million by then.
Food production will 52 , but not enough to feed all the people. Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 2009, 53 most of the increase would be in countries that 54 produce enough food for their people. Little increase is 55 in South Asia, Africa or the Middle East. Poor farming ways are 56 large areas of cropland, changing farms into deserts. More farmland is 57 as cities become larger and more houses are built. 58 will get worse as developed countries burn more coal and oil. Many of the world’s 59 could disappear as more and more trees are cut down. Energy will continue to be a serious problem. The experts say their 60 of the earth for the year 2020 may be wrong. They only 61 the situation as it is today. By changing the situation, by 62 the problems, the picture can be changed. There is 63 time for the nations of the world to 64 a plan of action. But they considered that 65 too long to make a decision would greatly reduce the chances of success
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A.destroying | B.protecting | C.bothering | D.interrupting |
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A.solving | B.working | C.answering | D.dealing |
A.no | B.still | C.less | D.lots of |
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According to an international survey by Mercer Human Resource Consulting, a London-based consulting firm, Calgary was put at the top of a list of 144 cities. It scored 121 points, just above Honolulu’s score of 120. Helsinki(赫尔辛基,芬兰首都) and Ottawa followed at 119.5 and 118.5 respectively.
Three other Canadian cities came in the top 20. Montreal and Vancouver tied for ninth and Toronto came in at 18th.
The scores are based on air pollution levels, availability and quality of hospitals and medical supplies, as well as the efficiency of waste removal and sewage systems.
In America, the lowest scoring city was Atlanta, which was ranked 76th. Athens was the lowest scoring city in Western Europe, ranking 120th because of its air pollution. London was ranked 59th.
小题1:How many Canadian cities are in the top 20?
A.3. | B.4. | C.5. | D.6. |
A.Weather conditions. | B.Air quality. |
C.Waste removal. | D.Medical supplies. |
A.Atlanta. | B.Athens. | C.London. | D.Helsinki. |
The Ms. Foundation, an organization for women, started the program about ten years ago. In the U.S., many women work outside the home. The Ms. Foundation wanted girls to find out about many different kinds of jobs. Then, when the girls grow up, they can choose a job they like.
Cara"s father is a film director. Cara says, “It was very exciting for me to go to the studio with my dad. I saw a lot of people doing different jobs.” Many businesses have special activities for girls on this day. Last year, Cara went to work with her aunt at the University of Massachusetts. In the engineering department, the girls learned to build a bridge with toothpicks and Candy. In the chemistry department, they learned to use scales. They learned about many other kinds of jobs, too.
Right now, Cara does not know what job she will have when she grows up. But because of Take Our Daughters to Work Day, she knows she has many choices.
小题1:What is Cara"s father?
A.An engineer. | B.An official. | C.A moviemaker. | D.A professor. |
A.on every Thursday in Apri |
B.a holiday for girls of all ages |
C.a day for girls to know about jobs |
D.a day for girls to get a job easily |
A.she learned to use scales |
B.she worked as an actress |
C.she went to work with her aunt |
D.she used toothpicks and Candy to build a bridge |
A.Cara Lang, a Fortunate Girl |
B.Take Our Daughters to Work Day |
C.Children"s Day and Work Day |
D.Ms. Foundation, an Organization for Women |
The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines | Features: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that make up of Tokyo’s huge subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world. The system is famous for its oshiya-- literally “pusher”--- who push passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close. And you think your ride is hell. |
The Moscow Metro | Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world. The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers (枝行吊灯),marble moldings and elaborate murals(精美壁画). With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden. |
The Hong Kong MTR | Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit(利润). It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership. It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores ,supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters. It’s estimated that 95% of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card. |
Shanghai Metro | Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened. Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years. By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”. The system carries about 2.18 million people a day. |
The London Metro | Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground. No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like. Trains started in 1863 and they’ve been running ever since. Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap” |
A.The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines | B.The Moscow Metro |
C.Shanghai Metro | D.The Hong Kong MTR |
A.carries the most people each day |
B.is the world’s largest |
C.may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future |
D.is the busiest in the world |
A.2 | B.3 | C.4 | D.5 |
A.Shanghai is the third to build a metro system in China, which has become the largest in the world. |
B.You’ll feel sick when you travel on the Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines. |
C.Londoners call their subway the Underground because 55 percent of it lies above ground. |
D.It is estimated that 95% of the population in Hong Kong own an Octopus card |
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