题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
A new study suggests that the round-the-clock availability that cell phone have brought to people’s lives may be taking a toll on family life, a new study suggests. The study, which followed more than 1,300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone throughout the study period were more likely to report negative “spillover’’ between work and home life — and, in turn, less satisfaction with their family life.
Spillover essentially means that the line between work and home begins to become unclear. Work life may invade home life when a parent is taking job-related calls at home, for instance, or family issues may start to take up work time. For example, a child may call mom at work, telling her “microwave exploded”, explained Noelle Chesley, an assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be that they are allowing for ever more spillover between work and home.
This may be especially true for working women, the study found. Among men, consistent use of mobile phones seemed to allow more work issues to creep (潜入) into family time. But for women, the spillover tended to go in both directions. Being “connected” meant that work cut into home time，and family issues came into work life.
Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchanges among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover, according to Chesley. Employers, she said, could look at their policies on contacting employees after working hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”. For their part, employees could decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.
(Note: Write NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS for each question or statement.)
81. By saying “may be taking a toll on family life”, the writer probably means that cell phone ____________.
82. As a result of negative “spillover”, people will feel ______________.
83. The writer gave the example of “microwave exploded” to indicate that ______________.
84.According to Chesley, what could employees do to avoid spillover when they are not at work?
答案
82. less satisfied with their family life
83.family issues affect work hours (invade…)
84.Power off their cell phones during family time (Turn off…)
解析
核心考点
试题【 Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statement】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
F. Functions of adult education |
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Caring for animals, tutoring kids, helping seniors: Volunteer hours are more than a graduation must, they are life lessons.
Vilma Sooknanan cleans cat cages, Max Carroll teaches children how to cook and Michael Rosenthal rolls wheelchairs at a hospital.
What does this have to do with high school education?
Everything.
The three – and almost all other South Florida high school students – have to go outside of the classroom to earn their diplomas, doing what schools call “community service”.
Broward public schools require 40 hours to graduate. Palm Beach County public schools require 20, and most private schools require at least that much.
The purpose: To give students the chance to explore a career and create a habit of volunteering.
“We hope that when they finish high school they’ll continue service,” says Mike Roland, student activities officer for the Broward School District.
About half of U.S. public schools require community service, according to a national study. Broward School Board member Bob Parks says encouraging community service has launched all kinds of new projects, including tutoring and food collections.
Sooknanan, a student at South Broward High School, is part of the Humane Society of Broward County’s volunteer program, which is so popular that even the waiting list is closed. Students work one four-hour shift a week for four months, and leave with 64 volunteer hours.
Sooknanan changes litter boxes and puts down fresh newspaper for about 100 cats.
Combined with her volunteer hours at beach cleanups and helping teachers at school, she’s well on her way toward 250 hours, which she hopes will catch the eye of Nova Southeastern University, where she wants to study marine biology.
Carroll, a junior student at South Plantation High, has connected with FLIPANY, a nonprofit organization that offers cheap physical activity and food to low-income families. He helps teach children about cooking and healthy eating.
“It has been a life-changing experience,” says Carroll, who is now leaning toward a career as a sports trainer. "I want to find a career encouraging people to lead a healthier lifestyle.”
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 15 WORDS.)
81. How many hours of community service are students required to do to graduate from most U.S. private schools?
Why do some U.S. schools require students to do community service to graduate?
83. The reason Sooknanan take up so many kinds of volunteer work is that ___________.
84. Volunteer work is popular in many high schools in the U.S., not only because ___________,
but also because ___________.
IV．任务型阅读: (本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
Select the best heading from the list below for each paragraph in the reading passage. Use each letter ONCE only. Write the appropriate letters A~E, in the spaces numbered 61-65 on your answer sheet. (NB There are more heading than paragraphs, so you will not use all of the headings.)
Intellectual Disability
61.______ People with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society, and the identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person"s performance in a variety of tests. An individual"s level of performance, as assessed, can change with time and circumstances. With skilled training and opportunity for development, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential for acquiring skills and for participation in community life than previously had been thought possible.
62.______ In many western societies, five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur in either children, adolescent or adult, and show as mild, moderate, severe, profound or multiple intellectual disability.
63.______ For the majority of intellectual disabilities, there is no identifiable cause but there are some causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen--- prolonged labor during childbirth; brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella, drug or diet-related problems; damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis or accident; hereditary defects in the genes; abnormal chromosome count resulting in, for example, Down Syndrome.
64.______ Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying place to live and a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support services are based on the principle of normalization---which means enabling people to be part of the community like everyone else.
65.______ With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to promote awareness of communication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful to remember that people with disabilities have feelings .Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with an intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.
List of Headings
| A． What do people with an intellectual disability need? |
| B． What is intellectual disability? |
| C． How do people with an intellectual disability talk? |
| D． What are the forms of intellectual disability? |
F. How do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability?
第II卷（非选择题 共35分）
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节: 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy．Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations．Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs．Even judges are softer on attractive defendants （被告）．But in the administrative circle, beauty can become a liability．
Although attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the administration ladder, it is harmful to a woman．
Handsome male administrators were considered to be more honest than plainer men, though effort and ability were also thought to account for their success ．
Attractive female administrators were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones, and very often their success was believed to be connected not to ability but to factors such as luck．
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine （女性的） and an attractive man more masculine （男性的） than the less attractive woman．Thus an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but in a traditionally masculine position an attractive woman appears to lack the "masculine" qualities required．
This is true even in politics．"When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently, "says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates．She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness．Then the students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices．They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them．
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes．
56．What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 15 words.)
_______________________________________________________________________
57．The underlined word “liability” in Paragraph 1 means_____. (no more than 5 words.)
_______________________________________________________________________
58．According to this passage, in what jobs do attractive women have their advantages?
(no more than 10 words.)
_______________________________________________________________________
59．Why did Anne Bowman carry out the study? (no more than 15 words.)
_______________________________________________________________________
60．What is your idea of being an attractive person? (no more than 20 words.)
_______________________________________________________________________
第二节 完型填空 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）．
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36－55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
John and Mary had a nice home and two lovely children, a boy and a girl. John had a good 36 and had just been asked to go on a business trip to another city and it was 37 that Mary needed an outing and would go along too. They 38 a reliable woman to care for the children and made the 39 , returning home a little earlier than they had planned.
40 they drove into their home town, they found a home in flames (火焰). Mary said, “Oh well, it isn’t our 41 , let’s go home. ”
But John drove closer and exclaimed, “That home belongs to Fred Jones who works at the plant. He wouldn’t be 42 work yet, maybe there is something we could do. ”
John drove up and they were both 43 -stricken to see the whole house in flames. A woman on the lawn was in hysterics 44 , “The children! Get the children! They are in the basement. ”
45 Mary’s protests, John grabbed the water hose and soaked (浸湿) his clothes, put his 46 hand-kerchief on his head and dashed for the basement which was full of 47 . He found two nearly suffocated (窒息的) children and after carrying them to 48 , he asked how many more children were down there. They told him two more and Mary 49 his arm and screamed, “John! Don’t go back! It’s 50 ! That house will cave in (坍塌) any second!”
But he shook her off and went back by 51 his way down the smoke filled hallway and into the room. It seemed a long time 52 he found both children and started back and at last when they came out into the 53 and fresh air, he found that he had just 54 his own children.
The baby-sitter had 55 them at this home while she did some shopping.
( ) 36. A. job B. family C. wife D. boss
( ) 37. A. known B. believed C. decided D. hoped
( ) 38. A. asked B. hired C. begged D. paid
( ) 39. A. preparations B. mistake C. decision D. trip
( ) 40. A. Before B. As C. Once D. Since
( ) 41. A. duty B. neighbor C. business D. fire
( ) 42. A. off B. on C. out of D. at
( ) 43. A. nerve B. sorrow C. horror D. poverty
( ) 44. A. coughing B. screaming C. waving D. crying
( ) 45. A. Except for B. In case of C. Instead of D. In spite of
( ) 46. A. clean B. soft C. wet D. large
( ) 47. A. smoke B. darkness C. children D. danger
( ) 48. A. entrance B. ground C. rest D. safety
( ) 49. A. pulled B. took C. grabbed D. held
( ) 50. A. dangerous B. useless C. over D. stupid
( ) 51. A. pushing B. feeling C. jumping D. moving
( ) 52. A. that B. when C. while D. before
( ) 53. A. shade B. sunlight C. open D. crowd
( ) 54. A. helped B. found C. recognized D. rescued
( ) 55. A. left B. charged C. removed D. forgot
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