题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).
The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖). Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.
Widespread(广泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.
News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.
小题1:Penguins ___________.
| A．can swim better than fly | B．can be found near Oceania (大洋洲) |
| C．eat fish only冬腊月 | D．live only in cold waters. |
| A．Oil searching. | B．Widespread fishing. |
| C．Human"s killing. | D．Warming of the oceans. |
| A．Because people removed the ship. |
| B．Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild. |
| C．Because people helped the penguins. |
| D．Because people treated the penguins well. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:A
小题3:D
解析
试题分析：这篇文章讲述了现在有很多的企鹅处于绝迹的危险中，自从1987年企鹅的数量已经减少了30%。
小题1:细节题。根据第二段Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷虾).许多企鹅生活在冷水附近，但是也有一些生活在加巴格拉群岛的温暖的水域，它们不能飞，但是游泳非常好，它们吃鱼和磷虾。故选C
小题2:细节判断题，根据文章第三段第四段Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. Widespread fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks also make penguins be in danger. 可知，海水的升温，人们的滥捕***戮，石油勘测和石油泄漏是造成企鹅数量减少的原因。可知，B,C,D正确。故选A
小题3:根据文章最后一段thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild. Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.成千上万的人们帮助清理和非常好地治疗企鹅，然后把它们送回大自然。现在南美企鹅的数量比起石油泄漏之前已经上升到了更高的数量。故选D
点评：对于科普类文章，初中的文章并不会出现太多的生词，学生在解答时首先可以对整个文章花两分钟时间进行阅读，理解作者大概讲什么，然后结合选项中的答案，可以通过相应题目与原文进行比较，结合排除法就可以很快得出结果。
核心考点
试题【 As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鹅）may be in danger of disappearing. 】；主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
First of all, it seems that people won"t use TV channels(频道) by 2050. Instead, people will choose a program from a “menu" and a computer will send the program directly to the television.
Water will become a very serious problem. We"ll need much more water, but there won"t be enough. Some scientists think that water would be the cause of war(战争).
Cars will run on new, clean energy and they will go very fast. And there won"t be any accidents with the help of computers. On the other hand, space planes will take people around the world in two hours.
Robots will work in factories instead of people. Many factories have already used robots. Big companies prefer robots--they do not ask for money, and they work for 24 hours a day...
In a word, by 2050, our life will change a lot and our future will be quite different from now.
根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。你认为正确的句子，请在答题卷相应空格内写
“T”，错误的写“F”。(共5小题，每小题l分，满分5分)
小题1:Maybe people won"t use TV channels any more by 2050.
小题2:There will be a lot of car accidents by 2050.
小题3:Water could be the cause of war.
小题4:Robots will work in big companies and ask for money.
小题5:According to the passage, our life in the future will be better.
小题1:Miss Liu is______.
| A．a Chinese teacher | B．very old |
| C．an English teacher | D．not good |
| A．26 | B．40 | C．24 | D．50 |
| A．at work | B．at home |
| C．all happy | D．in the classroom |
| A．Miss Liu | B．Lucy and Simon |
| C．Sam and Mike | D．Jim and Bill |
| A．like Miss Liu | B．are running |
| C．are playing games | D．are jumping |
There are 1,200 students in 30 classes in our school. The students all like to study. The teachers in our school are very good. They help the students to study and sometimes play with them. All the students like them.
小题1:The teaching building is _____.
| A．small | B．old | C．big and tall | D．big |
| A．trees and flowers | B．a playground |
| C．students | D．teachers |
| A．45 | B．40 | C．75 | D．60 |
| A．their classroom | B．their homes |
| C．the playground | D．their homes |
| A．Give the students lessons. |
| B．Play football and table tennis with the students. |
| C．Don’t like some students. |
| D．Help students study |
People who speak or perform before the public sometimes may suffer from "Stage Fright". Stage fright makes a person 1 . In that case it can make one"s mind go back and forget 2 one ought to say or to act. Actors, musicians, dancers, lawyers, even radio show hosts suffered from stage fright at one time or 3 .
Diana Nichols is an expert in helping people free from stage fright at a medical center in New York City. She helps actors learn to 4 themselves. Miss Nichols says some people have always been afraid to perform before the audience. Others, she says, develop stage fright after a sad 5 .
She offers them ways to control the fear. One way is to smile before going onto the stage. Taking two deep breaths 6 helps. Deep breathing helps you get control of your body.
Miss Nichols advises her patients to tell themselves that their speech or performance does not have to be perfect. It"s 7 to make a mistake. She tells them they should not be too nervous while they are performing. It is important that they should continue to perform while she is helping them. After each performance, they discuss what happened and 8 what helped and what did not. 9 they perform more and more, they will fear less and less as much as 50%. Miss Nichols says the aim is only to 10 stage fright, not to smooth it away completely. This is because a little stage fright makes a person more careful, and improves the performance.
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Radio，telephone and television are widely used in the world. When you switch on the radio, you can listen．But when you use a telephone，not only can you listen to others but also you can chat with them，however, you can’t see anything at all. Television is much better than both of them. People can watch TV and listen to it，but they can’t take part in what they see.
Today, some people are using a type of telephone called vision-phone. With it two people who are talking can see each other．
Vision-phones can be of great use when you have something to show the person whom you are calling，It may also have other uses in the future．Some day you may be able to call up a library and ask to read a book right over your vision-phone. You may be able to do some shopping through it, too. Perhaps in the near future, vision-phones will come into wide use in our everyday life.
小题1:According to the passage, we can guess that the_______ was invented last.
| A．radio | B．vision-phone | C．telephone | D．television |
| A．the telephone | B．the radio | C．the television | D．all the above |
| A．ask an assistant to read a book for you |
| B．read a book |
| C．ask an assistant to bring you a book |
| D．ask an assistant to do some shopping for you |
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