题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Every year it"s the same. As December comes to an end, you think about the new year and all the ways you want to improve your life. But as you start to write down your hopes for the new year, you think about the last year. You excitedly write down all the changes you are going to make, but by the end of January those ideas get lost in your busy life.
Here"s a suggestion: Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones. “We often think that we have to do everything in big steps, even though it"s so hard for us to reach it.” said Robert Maurer, who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life. “What we try to do is to begin with such a small step that we can’t find any excuse not to do it.”
“Kaizen”, a Japanese word, is used to mean to change behavior and attitudes (态度). During World War II, American factory managers were able to increase productivity by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes. After the war, the idea was brought to a rebuilding (重建) Japan. It made Japan develop fast. The Japanese called it “kaizen”, which means “improvement”.
Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it. “Kaizen” could possibly help people succeed in doing everything.
小题1:At the end of December, people usually ___________ .
| A．plan for the last year | B．fail to make big changes |
| C．try to lose their ideas | D．think about the new year |
| A．we should do everything in big steps |
| B．how to find a small step without any excuse |
| C．we should try a lot of sudden changes |
| D．how to change one’s life with one small step |
| A．增加成本 | B．提高待遇 | C．提高生产率 | D．增加出口量 |
| A．take a tiny step to achieve big goals |
| B．make changes at the end of the year |
| C．do few experiments with “kaizen” |
| D．do things with hard-to-achieve goals |
| A．You can"t find any excuse not to reach a big goal. |
| B．You can achieve your goals if you are not too busy. |
| C．”Kaizen” was brought to Japan during World WarⅡ. |
| D．Robert Maurer studied “kaizen” and found it helpful. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D
解析
试题分析：本文主要讲述了应忘记太大的、难以实现的目标，只想想小的目标，一步步地去实现它。
小题1:细节理解题。根据As December comes to an end, you think about the new year（当十二月月末的时候，你想一下关于新年的事）可知，本题选D。
小题2:细节理解题。根据who recently wrote the book One Small Step Can Change Your Life（最近写了一本书《一小步可以改变你的生活》）可知，本题选D。
小题3:细节理解题。根据by trying small, continuous improvements instead of sudden changes（通过尝试一个小的、持续的进步来代替突然地改变）可知，本题选C。
小题4:细节理解题。根据Forget the too big, hard-to-achieve goals and just think about the small ones（忘记太大的、难以实现的目标，只想想小的）可知，本题选A。
小题5:细节理解题。根据Maurer studied the idea and did some experiments with it（莫勒学习了这个主意，然后做了一些实验）可知，本题选D。
核心考点
试题【If you have failed in the past to try to make big changes in life, try again now】；主要考察你对科普环保类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Many of the things we do every day can change the Earth’s temperature by sending greenhouse gases into the air. We send greenhouse gases into the air when we watch TV, turn on lights, dry hair, play video games, wash or dry our clothes or drive cars. The rubbish from factories and homes also produces greenhouse gases.
Even a small change in temperature can affect our weather. This can cause changes in the sea levels, the air, flooding, and our fresh water.
The change in the temperature can also cause changes in the living places for animals and plants, endangering many animals.
Global warming is a big problem, and every little bit we do can help. We can save electricity. We can save energy in other ways such as by taking buses or walking rather than driving cars. We can recycle to reduce the rubbish and save natural resources such as trees, oil and metals. We can buy products that don’t do bad to the environment and we can turn to solar energy. Remember the little bit that you do will bring a better world.
小题1: Which of the following does not send greenhouse gases into the air?
| A．Watching TV. | B．Turning on a light. |
| C．Driving a car. | D．Walking to school. |
| A．the greenhouse effect is important |
| B．humans are making the earth warmer |
| C．the earth is getting warmer in 100 years |
| D．the earth could be getting warmer by itself |
| A．be safer | B．not be able to live |
| C．have a cleaner earth | D．have a better world |
| A．Paragraph 2 | B．Paragraph 3 |
| C．Paragraph 4 | D．Paragraph 5 |
| A．we can"t do anything to help | B．we don"t need to do anything |
| C．we can do something to help | D．we can do something to stop it |
That may seem a strange thing to say it. But touching things can help you to see them better. Your eyes can tell you that a glass ball is round. But by holding it in your hands, you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is. You can feel how heavy the glass is. When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it. With your skin, you can feel better. For example, your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket. You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand, too. You can even feel sounds against your skin. Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music? They must like to feel the sounds of music.
All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops, we touch things we might buy: food, clothes. To see something well, we have to touch it. The bottoms of our feet can feel things, too. You know this when you walk on warm sand, cool grass or a hard floor. All feel different under your feet.
There are ways of learning to see well by feeling. One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin. Feel the shoes on your feet, the clothes on your body, the air on your skin. At first, it is not easy to feel these things. You are too used to feel them!
Most museums are just for looking. But today some museums have some things to touch. Their signs say, “Do touch!” There you can feel everything on show.
If you want to see better, reach out and touch. Then you will really see!
小题1:When people buy things in shops, they often _____.
| A．try them on first |
| B．keep their right hands on them |
| C．ask about them |
| D．feel and touch them |
| A．the things are used by people, too |
| B．people feel the things too often |
| C．people know how to use the things |
| D．the things are easy to feel |
| A．Touching is helping us to see better. |
| B．Our feet, fingers, hands and skin can help us buy food. |
| C．People have to learn to see by feeling as they grow up. |
| D．Visitors can feel the things on show in some museums. |
| A．Touching by Feeling. |
| B．To See or to Feel? |
| C．To See Better-Feel |
| D．Ways of Feeling. |
Sleep: Sleep plays an important part in improving your memory. Enough sleep is very important to have a good memory.
Don’t watch TV while eating: Do not watch television while eating. Some people keep talking and eating while watching TV. Eating is a time when you can take a break from studying and rest your eyes.
Healthy food: Healthy food is important for a healthy mind. Have milk, eggs, fish and fruits. These foods have a lot of nutrients（营养成分）
Make the things interesting: If you find the things the teachers ask you to memorize interesting, you will memorize them more easily. For example, include music and different colors in the things you need to memorize.
Repeat（重复）the things: Repeat the things by singing or talking. Repeating is a good way to memorize things.
Exercise: Do exercise every day. It not only improves the body but improves the mind. Air in the morning keeps your mind clear. A clear mind is needed for memorizing things.
Have a rest: Don’t study for long hours. Have a rest from time to time. Studying for a long time will make you tired and you will find it harder to remember and learn things.
小题1: How many ways of improving memory are there in the passage?
| A．Five. | B．Six. | C．Seven. | D．Eight |
| A．Because it will make you eat less. |
| B．Because you need to rest your eyes. |
| C．Because you can’t take in enough nutrients in this way. |
| D．Because it is bad for your mind. |
| A．Plenty of sleep. |
| B．Healthy food. |
| C．All work and a play. |
| D．Repeating the things you need to memorize. |
| A．parents | B．players | C．teachers | D．students |
However, if parents are not unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are hopeful in a sensible（明智）way, the child may succeed in doing very well—especially if the parents are very supportive（支持的）to their children.
Michael Li is very lucky. He likes music and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and let him attend piano and violin lessons. Although Michael"s mother knows very little about music, his father is a good musician. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.
Michael"s friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky. Although both his parents are successful musicians, they set too high a standard（水平）for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him in every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. “When I was your age I used to win every competition I enter.” Winston"s father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always quiet and unhappy.
小题1:The main idea of the passage is _________.
| A．how parents should make a child a musician |
| B．how parents should bring up a child |
| C．what differences there are between the two boys |
| D．what aim is easier for a child to reach |
| A．he has to do his best to win every competition |
| B．he has made greater progress in music |
| C．he is afraid he may disappoint them |
| D．he often wants to kill himself someday |
| A．they want their child to be a musician |
| B．they help their child to win music competition |
| C．they don"t care for their child"s education much |
| D．they make their child try to achieve too much |
| A．it"s unimportant to let the children develop（=grow）in the way they want |
| B．sensible parents can train their children to succeed in everything |
| C．parents should be realistic and supportive to their children |
| D．unrealistic parents should arrange（安排）private lessons for their children |
Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a “school”. They don’t like school children, but they travel together.
Dolphins talk to each other in the school. They give out different . They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say “ ” when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play. They can even make sounds above water. However, they make many more sounds under water. People hear these sounds because the sounds are very, very high. make tapes of the sounds and study them.
Sometimes people catch dolphins for a large aquarium (水族馆). People can watch the dolphins in a . Dolphins don’t like to be in an aquarium away from the sea. They are sad and lonely.
Dolphins are very friendly animals. Maybe you have heard some that people are saved by dolphins at sea. Dolphin meat is good, people don’t like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck.
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