Junior school students in Harbin，Heilongjiang，had a "long weekend"．They had four days off from Oct．19-22．It was not for any festival，but was caused by serious smog．
The smog was caused by high levels of PM 2．5 in the air．
PM 2．5 is small particles（微粒） of pollution in the air with a diameter （直径） of 2．5 micrometers or less．Waste gas from cars and factories is the biggest cause of PM 2．5 pollution． On Oct．17，the World Health Organization named air pollution a cause of cancer．
To better protect children，cities are taking action．
On Oct．21，Harbin Education Bureau decided to close primary and junior high schools for two days．
Beijing started a program on Oct．22 which has a warning system with four levels．The red warning is the highest warning level．It means that the next three days will see serious pollution．
When a red warning is issued（发布），schools will close．
If there"s pollution that"s not as serious，the Beijing Commission of Education will ask schools to stop PE classes and outdoor activities．
How will students be informed?
"First，the Commission of Education will inform schools online，" Ye Yan，head of Beijing Shijingshanqu Experimental Primary School，told Beijing Times．"Then teachers will text students’ parents．"
Will the days off affect the study plan?
"Missing school days will be made up during the summer or winter vacations，" said Wang Hao，a physical education teacher in Beijing Chaoyang district．
For students in Harbin who had the long weekend，they would go to school on the next two Saturdays．
根据材料内容选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
小题1:Why did students in Harbin have a long weekend?| A．Because the weather was extremely cold． | | B．Because a special festival came． | | C．Because the winter vacation began． | | D．Because there happened serious smog． |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE about PM 2．5?| A．It makes water polluted． | | B．People can see it with eyes． | | C．It only comes from factories． | | D．It can cause serious diseases． |
小题3:When a red warning is issued in Beijing，what will happen?| A．All of the work will be stopped． | | B．People aren"t allowed to go outside． | | C．Schools will be closed for a few days． | | D．Air pollution will be seen in a few weeks． |
小题4:What does the underlined word "text" mean in Chinese?小题5:What is the reading mainly about?| A．What PM 2．5 is made up of． | | B．How people fight against air pollution． | | C．What influence the smog brings to school． | | D．How schools deal with the missing school days． |
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小题1:D
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B
小题5:C |
试题分析: 本文讲述是某地的学生度过一个很长的周末，其实是受雾霾的影响，一旦发布红色预警，学校就应停课，及采样应采取的措施。
小题1:D 细节理解题。根据第一段提到It was not for any festival，but was caused by serious smog．不是因为节日而是由严重的雾导致的，故选D项。
小题2:D 细节理解题。根据第三段提到Waste gas from cars and factories is the biggest cause of PM 2．5 pollution． On Oct．17，the World Health Organization named air pollution a cause of cancer这种废气来自汽车，工厂，世界卫生组织宣布这种空气污染是致癌的原因，故选D项。
小题3:C 细节理解题。根据第第七段提到When a red warning is issued（发布），schools will close当红色预警时，学校应该关闭。故选C项。
小题4:B 细节推断题。根据第十段提到First，the Commission of Education will inform schools online，" Ye Yan，head of Beijing Shijingshanqu Experimental Primary School，told Beijing Times．"Then teachers will text students’ parents．首先教育部会网上通知学校，老师再通过短信通知学生家长，故选B项。
小题5:C 主旨大意。文中第一句话提到Junior school students in Harbin，Heilongjiang，had a "long weekend"初中的学生有了一个很长的假期，提到雾霾的影响，根据第四段提到To better protect children，cities are taking action为了更好的保护学生，各个城市应采取措施，故可知这是说雾霾对学校的影响，故选C项。 |
核心考点
试题【Junior school students in Harbin，Heilongjiang，had a "long weekend"．They had four】；主要考察你对
科普环保类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Now we have the Internet and TV programmes．There is so to talk about．They are around us all the time and us all kinds of things．
To help kids stay away from bad , a two-day meeting was held in Shanghai last week．People at the meeting talked about how to make kids’ programmes and books . They want kids to grow up in an information world fights or terror(恐怖)．
The Internet and TV help people learn is going on around us. sometimes what they tell you may be wrong．You need to use your and think for a while when you are watching TV or suffering on the Internet.
“Let’s take air-cushioned (带气垫的) sports shoes for !” Advertisements say people can run faster if they wear these shoes. But you need to make how useful the shoes really are. The shoes may you look cool, but will they really make you run faster? Before you spend all your on something advertisements want you to buy, think twice. Each company says they have the best sports shoes in the world they want you to buy their shoes.
To kids from being cheated (欺骗) or badly effected, grow-ups are trying to make the media (媒体) more fun and safer for them.
The people at the Shanghai meeting said should be no bad things in Web pages and TV programmes for kids to see. The Internet workers also said they would try and care more about the views of kids.
| 小题1: | | A．many | B．much | C．little | D．few |
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| 小题2: | | A．speak | B．say | C．talk | D．tell |
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| 小题3: | | A．books | B．teaching | C．information | D．games |
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| 小题4: | | A．better | B．easier | C．cleaner | D．worse |
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| 小题5: | | A．with | B．without | C．under | D．above |
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| 小题7: | | A．Because | B．But | C．So | D．Since |
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| 小题8: | | A．hand | B．mouth | C．head | D．foot |
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| 小题9: | | A．fun | B．short | C．example | D．sport |
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| 小题10: | | A．sure | B．decision | C．mind | D．way |
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| 小题11: | | A．train | B．make | C．serve | D．realize |
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| 小题12: | | A．knowledge | B．time | C．spirit | D．money |
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| 小题13: | | A．though | B．so | C．because | D．unless |
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| 小题14: | | A．stop | B．frighten | C．attract | D．treat |
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The television has been an important part of many families’ life. Many children like to sit in front of the television instead of doing something else. When many experts (专家) say that television is bad for children, some believe that television can really have a good effect on a child’s life, if it is used properly.
There are many television programmes that both provide fun and education. Spending some time on these types of programmes is good for your child’s development. The television can be more efficient at teaching a child certain (某种) tasks.
Parents can also use the television to help children read. After watching an educational programme, your child may become more interested in a topic. Use that interest to drive your child toward reading.
The television can also help to make a family closer. After a programme ends, you can start a decision about it. This can help encourage a healthy family.
The television can introduce your child to new cultures. This can help your child learn a lot from them.
The television can also help build a bridge for difficult communication between parents and children. If a child refuses to talk about a topic with his or her parents, he or she is willing to talk about it with his or her parents after watching the programme about the topic. This is an example of television’s role as a bridge to tough communication.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph?| A．Fewer and fewer families enjoy watching TV in daily life. | | B．Many children prefer watching TV to doing other things. | | C．Some people believe that watching TV is good for children. | | D．Many experts think the television has a bad effect on children. |
小题2:The television can be more efficient at….Here “efficient” means ___________.小题3:The television can help children ___________.| A．to build bridges in the future | | B．to practise English speaking skill | | C．to become more interested in reading | | D．to become stronger |
小题4:Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage?| A．The television can help improve the family relationship. | | B．The television can bring children both fun and education. | | C．Children can learn much about different cultures by watching TV. | | D．Children can make more friends by watching TV. |
小题5:This passage mainly talks about _______________.| A．children’s favourite TV programmes | | B．good efffects of the television on children | | C．the great importance of television | | D．children’s different habits of watching TV |
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In real life, robots are mainly used in factories. They do many different jobs. Usually these jobs are too , difficult or boring for humans.
Robots also help disabled people and people who cannot look after . For example, scientists are making a robot to help people. Now many of them have a dog to help them. The dog is called a guide dog. In the future, guide dogs might be robot dogs.
One robot dog is called Meldog. It has wheels. It usually “walks” its owner. It is very clever. It knows the speed of its owner’s walk. Meldog talks to its owner by . The owner wears a special belt. This belt instructions to the owner from Meldog such as “Stop here”, “Turn left” and “Turn right”.
In the United States, another of robot helps disabled workers. This robot, called Kilroy, helps disabled computer operators. The robot the sound of its owner’s voice. It follows instructions such as “Turn the page” and “Make a cup of coffee”.
Robots are also used in American . They can do simple jobs. For example, they shave (刮脸) patients and brush their teeth and take meals from the kitchen to patients’ rooms. It never gets lost this robot has a map of the hospital in its computer memory.
| 小题1: | | A．interesting | B．strange | C．dangerous | D．safe |
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| 小题2: | | A．others | B．another | C．them | D．themselves |
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| 小题4: | | A．in front of | B．behind | C．under | D．above |
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| 小题5: | | A．television | B．radio | C．loudspeaker | D．mobile telephone |
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| 小题6: | | A．posts | B．writes | C．reads | D．sends |
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| 小题7: | | A．type | B．size | C．set | D．double |
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| 小题8: | | A．guesses | B．thinks | C．hears | D．sees |
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| 小题9: | | A．cinema | B．hospitals | C．museum | D．theatre |
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| 小题10: | | A．until | B．before | C．because | D．whether |
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People who have finished education often admire students for their carefree life. But they don"t know how difficult it is to _____ a student. He can never finish his homework. Furthermore, he has to ______ the great pressure of examinations. Everyone wants to get the first ____ in exams. And after school, there are also many extra classes waiting for him. The worst of all is that students can hardly do ______they really love to do, for they _____ almost all their time on studies.
| 小题2: | | A．use | B．become | C．face | D．wait |
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| 小题3: | | A．place | B．top | C．position | D．desk |
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| 小题5: | | A．take | B．spend | C．take | D．have |
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Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head, according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩) and pumping（向---送出） blood around their bodies, compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event, depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said: "Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart."
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said, "The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. So our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don"t see - and guide whether we see fear."
To further understand this relationship, the scientists also used a brain scanner(扫描仪) to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person"s feeling of fear. "We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear," Dr Garfinkel said.
"We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders, and also for those for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder."
小题1:What is the finding of the study?| A．fear has something to do with one"s health. | | B．fear is a result of one"s relaxed heartbeat. | | C．One"s heart affects how he feels fear. | | D．One’s fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear. |
小题2:When are people more likely to feel a sense of fear ?| A．When the heartbeat is relaxed. | | B．When their hearts are contracting. | | C．When people are tired. | | D．When people are happy. |
小题3:The study was carried out by analyzing （分析）_______.| A．the time volunteers saw fearful pictures and their health conditions | | B．volunteers" heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures | | C．volunteers" reactions to horrible pictures and data form their brain scans | | D．different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart-brain communication |
小题4:Which of the following is closest in meaning to "mechanism" in Paragraph 6?| A．Order. | B．Machine. | C．Treatment. | D．System. |
小题5:This study may be useful to _______.| A．treating anxiety and stress better | | B．explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety | | C．finding the sky to the heart-brain communication | | D．understanding different fears in our hearts and heads |
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