题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

People have known since ancient times that aspirin（阿司匹林） reduces pain and lowers high body temperature. But that is not all the drug can do. In recent years, it has been used in other ways, too. Small amounts may help prevent a stroke or heart attack. One recent study showed that some people who took two aspirin pills a day had lower rates of colorectal cancer. And, some researchers say aspirin may help patients with colon cancer live longer. So, how did aspirin become so important? The story begins with a willow（柳树）．
2, 000 years ago, the Greek doctor Hippocrates advised his patients to chew on the bark and leaves of the willow. The tree contains a chemical called salicin. In the 1800s, researchers discovered how to make salicylic acid from the chemical. In 1897, a chemist named Felix Hoffmann at Friedrich Bayer and Company in Germany created acetyl salicylic acid. Later, it became the active substance in a medicine that Bayer called aspirin. The "a" came from acetyl. The "spir" came from the spirea plant, which also produces salicin. And the "in" ? That is a common way to end medicine names.
In 1982, a British scientist shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine in part for discovering how aspirin works. Sir John Vane found that aspirin prevents the body from making the natural substances called prostaglandins. Prostaglandins have several effects on the body. Some cause pain and swelling（肿）． Prostaglandins also make the heart, kidneys(肾) and blood vessels work well. So there is a problem. Aspirin works against all prostaglandins, good and bad. It can also harm the inside of the stomach, and sometimes it can cause bleeding.
But a British study released in 2009 suggested that taking another drug with a small amount of aspirin may help reduce the risk of bleeding. If this proves true, it would help thousands of people who are seeking to prevent life-threatening conditions.
小题1: The writer wrote this passage to______.

A．tell us the harm of aspirin

B．help us know aspirin better

C．explain why aspirin is useful

D．prove that aspirin is a good medicine

小题2:What do we learn about aspirin from Paragraph 1?

A．It is not used until recent years.

B．Using it for a long time may lead to cancer.

C．It is very dangerous if it is used in the wrong way,

D．It has gained important new uses in recent years.

小题3:When was the acetyl salicylic acid created?

A．about 2,000 years ago.	B．In the early 1800s.
C．In the late 1800s	D．In recent years

小题4:What is waiting to be solved according to the last paragraph?

A．The bleeding caused by taking aspirin.

B．How to reduce the risk of getting colorectal cancer.

C．How to help patients with colon cancer live longer

D．The problem of low body temperature caused by taking aspirin

答案

小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:A

解析

试题分析：这篇文章主要告诉我们阿司匹林的作用，阿司匹林为什么重要的原因，以及阿司匹林的药理，让我们更了解阿司匹林。
小题1:推理判断题。这篇文章主要告诉我们阿司匹林的作用，阿司匹林为什么重要的原因，以及阿司匹林的药理，让我们更了解阿司匹林。故选B。
小题2:推理判断题。根据But that is not all the drug can do. In recent years, it has been used in other ways, too.句意：但这并不是这个药全部的作用。近年来，它也被用于其它方面。由此可知近年来已经有了重要的新用途。故选D。
小题3:细节理解题。根据In 1897, a chemist named Felix Hoffmann at Friedrich Bayer and Company in Germany created acetyl salicylic acid.句意：1897年，德国Friedrich Bayer and Company的药剂师Hippocrates制造出了acetyl salicylic acid。1897年就是19世纪后期。故选C。
小题4:细节理解题。It can also harm the inside of the stomach, and sometimes it can cause bleeding.But a British study released in 2009 suggested that taking another drug with a small amount of aspirin may help reduce the risk of bleeding.句意：阿司匹林伤害胃，有时有导致出血。但是2009年发布的英国学术研究表明吃另外一种药加少量的阿司匹林可以有助于降低出血的风险。可知应选A。