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题目
分别用when,while,as,that,which,who,whom,whose,where,why造几个定语从句

提问时间:2020-11-23

答案
概念〕
在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句;被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句必须放在先行词之后;引导定语从句的词叫关联词.
〔关联词〕
常见的关联词有关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why等.
〔种类〕
1.由that引导的定语从句
一般情况下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语.如:
The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker.正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人.
Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗?
The letter that(which)I received yesterday was from my father.昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的.
2.由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句
who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语.如:
This is the thief who stole my bike.这就是偷我自行车的那个贼.
He is the boy whom you wanted to find.他就是你想要找的那个男孩.
The girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.妈妈是个医生的那个女孩在外面等你.
3.由which引导的定语从句
which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语.如:
The book which Mum bought me last week is called“Red Star Over China”.妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫《西行漫记》.
The house which Lu Xun once lived in is now the Lu Xun Museum.鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆.
4.由where,when和why引导的定语从句
where在从句中作地点状语,when在从句中作时间状语,why在从句中作原因状语.如:
I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天.
He will go back to the school where he studied next week.下周他要回到他曾经学习过的学校.
I don't know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin.我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因.
〔注意点〕
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系代词常省去.如:The play(which)I watched just now had been on twice on Channel 3.我刚才看的那个戏剧在3频道上已上演了两次.
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