题目

英语翻译
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The hard plates that form the surface part of the earth are about 100 kilometers thick.These plates include both the earth's curst and the rpper mantle.
Together the crust and upper mantle form the surface plates of the earth.This hard plate floats on the denser material of the lower mantle the way a piece of wood floats on a pond.The plates are carried along by slow flows beneath them.
With an understanding of plate formation,scientists have put forward a new theory for the earth's surface.About 200 million years ago,the plates at the earh's surface formed a super-continent.When this super-continent started to tear apart because of plate movement,it first broke into two large continental masses,with a newly formed sea that grew between the land areas.The southern one included the modern continents of South America,Africa,Australia,and Antarctica.The northern one was made up of North America,Europe,and Asia.North America tore away from Europe about 180 million years ago,forming the Northern Atlantic Ocean.
The plate movement is responsible for earthquakes,volcanoes and the earth's largest mountain ranges.For example,the edge of the Pacific Ocean had been called"Ring of Fire"because so many bolcanic eruptions and earthquakes happen there.Before the1960's,scientists could not explain why active volcanoes and strong earthquakes were concentrated in that area.The theory of plate formation gave them an answer

提问时间：2020-05-22

答案

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组成地球表面的板块厚度大约100公里,包括地壳和上地幔.板块漂浮在密度更大的下地幔上,正如一块木头漂浮在水池中一样.这些板块伴随着下面缓慢的水流而流动.
科学家了解了板块的组成后,提出了关于地球表面的一种新式理论.约2亿年前,地球表面的板块曾经是一块超级大陆.由于板块运动,这块超级大陆开始分裂成两大块,由此两块大陆之间出现了新的海洋.南方的那块大陆包括如今的南美洲,非洲,澳大利亚和南极洲.北部那块大陆由北美洲,欧洲和亚洲组成.约1亿8千万年前,北美洲从欧洲板块分离,形成了北部大西洋.
板块运动造成了地震,火山以及地球上最高的山脊.例如,太平洋边缘被称作“火焰之圈”,因为这个区域发生过很多火山爆发和地震.上个世纪六十年代以前,科学家无法解释为什么这个区域聚集了如此多的活火山和强烈地震.而板块组成理论解释了这个问题.