题目
题型：天津高考真题难度：来源：
Common sense is not all that common.
Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?
These three popular misquotes (戏谑的引语) are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human
nature. To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don"t want
to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do. The original quote about human
nature went like this:"To err is human, to forgive, divine (神圣的)." This saying mirrors a deal people should
be forgiving of others" mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite-find someone else to pass the blame on to.
However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.
Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that
will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an
umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine.
Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going
on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company, "the right hand does
not know what the left hand is doing."
And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art?
One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. get the idea that it"s
okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary (直接推论) to that: if good excuse is "good" even
if it isn"t honest, then where is the place of the truth?
B. To achieve one"s ideal.
C. To make fun of others"mistakes.
D. To criticize others for one"s own error.
B. Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.
C. Making as few mistakes as possible.
D. Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.
B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.
C. A company"s next move follows a good plan.
D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments.
B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.
C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.
D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.
B. To Blame or to Forgive
C. A Mark of Maturity
D. Truth or Excuse
答案
核心考点
举一反三
I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying "thank you."
At first I was paid in candy. 2_____ I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on
weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account. 3_____
By the time I was 12, My grandmother thought I had done such a good job that the promoted me to selling
cosmetics (化妆品). I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Even though I was just a kid,
women would ask me such things as "What color do you think I should wear?" I took a real interest in their
questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup (化妆) ideas. 4_____
The job taught me a valuable lesson: to be a successful salesperson, you didn"t need to be a Rocket
scientist-you needed to be a great listener. 5_____ expect they are no longer women purchasing cosmetics
from me; instead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.
B. Before long, she let me sir there by myself.
C. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.
D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.
E. My grandma"s trust taught me how to handle responsibility.
F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.
G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.
others but doing it secretly. When difficult problems worried an individual, friends nearby would meet to
discuss possible solutions without the individual knowing their actions. When a solution was agreed upon,
one or two of the friends would carry out the plan and solve the problem secretly, to the great delight of
the worried individual. The helpers would stand by privately, content with their success. No reward was
given to the problem solvers, not even a sincere "thank you", because they were never known.
This concept is popular today but in a different way. The phrase "pay it forward" is now used when
one person helps another. However, the person helped may not be able to repay the person or group that
helped them. So rather than return the favor to their helpers, they are supposed to help someone else in the
future, which means they pay it forward. It is a sense of responsibility which makes us want to give back
in equal measure to the one who has helped us. But, in this case, the responsibility turns to helping someone
in the future.
Suppose your elderly grandmother pays part of your schooling. She may tell you there is no need to
repay her because it is a gift from someone who loves you very much. Nothing would please her more than
to have you use her money to get a good education.
You may never be able to repay her for such a gift. However, she not only gave you some money, but
she provided you with an example that you should also help other people who need it. People with serious
needs are everywhere. Many are children who need better clothes, more books and even better schools.
Some are elderly people who can"t afford their medicine or a doctor"s care. Consider how you can "pay it
forward" rather than pay money back to your grandmother.
B. they had solved the problems secretly
C. they were friends of the worried individual
D. they expected to be paid back in the future
B. to pay someone else who needs help
C. to help someone who has helped you
D. to help someone else who needs help
B. We should work hard to get a good education.
C. We should also lend a hand to other people in need of help.
D. We should never forget to repay people for their help.
B. more children need help than elderly people
C. it costs a lot of money to "pay it forward"
D. nowadays many people help others without being repaid
B. mysterious
C. honest
D. unforgettable
viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured.
The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language-all
these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast (对照), the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a
journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but the
attitudes, feelings people have, and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected
difficulties. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world,
new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown,
and to accept the possibility that they may "fail" at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being
is necessary for our ability to grow. Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more
chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we"re shy and indecisive? Then our sense
of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and we think we are slow to adapt change or that we"re not
smart enough to deal with a new challenge. Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and
grow. If we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing. We become trapped inside a shell of our
own making.
B. grow up from his own achievements
C. face difficulties and take up challenges
D. aim high and reach his goal each time
B. Jane won the first prize in the speech competition.
C. Jerry picked up French during his stay in Paris.
D. Father"s salary rose from 5, 000 to 7,000.
B. being quick in self-adaptation
C. having an open mind to new experiences
D. staying away from failures and challenges
B. To try and fail on the new road facing the unknown is unavoidable.
C. There are only two ways to see a person"s growth.
D. If you are too shy to take any risks in life, you cannot grow up.
B. Growth-Product or Process
C. Two Basic Ways of Growth
D. Overcoming Internal Fears
do they operate?
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and
tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel
they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.
Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If
they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have
succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner
unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use
of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ
them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own
motivation (积极性). Today"s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive
environment in which they"re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces
just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check
is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence-
knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional
intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around
you, which is the key to the leadership skills.
B. to grow forth (向前) from the ground
C. to move or pass suddenly or swiftly
D. to injure or harm one"s own interests
B. he is forced to do things
C. he feels his brain shut down
D. he thinks of his work as too heavy
B. Working conditions affect people"s physical health.
C. Smart people are more functional in the work place.
D. Good relationship is the key to business success.
B. provide better suggestions
C. give his employees a pay raise
D. hide his own emotion of fear
B. help raise employees" living standards
C. deal wisely with employees" emotions
D. give employees" specific instructions (指导)
card came with it. Calls to the flower-shop were not helpful at all. After a while I stopped trying to discover
the sender"s name and just delighted in the beautiful white flower in soft pink paper.
But I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. Some of my happiest moments were spent
daydreaming about the sender. My mother encouraged these imaginings. She"d ask me if there was someone
for whom I had done special kindness. Perhaps it was the old man across the street whose mail I"d delivered
during the winter. As a girl, I had more fun imagining that it might be a boy I had run into.
One month before my graduation, my father died, I felt so sad that I became completely uninterested in
my upcoming graduation dance, and I didn"t care if I had a new dress or not. But my mother, in her own
sadness would not let me miss any of those things. She wanted her children to feel loved and lovable. In truth,
my mother wanted her children to see themselves much like the gardenia-lovely, strong and perfect with
perhaps a bit of mystery.
My mother died ten days after I was married. I was 22. That was the year the gardenia stopped coming.
B. A Mother"s Love
C. A Graduation Party
D. A Special Birthday
B. Because she have more fun imagining.
C. Because the sender give a girl happiest moments.
D. Because she try to discover the sender"s name.
B. she hoped she would find a boyfriend
C. she wanted her to be happy and strong
D. she thought education was most important
B. One of the writer"s neighbors.
C. One of the writer"s classmates.
D. The writer"s mother.
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