题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
If you"re 70 and overweight, you may live longer
A few extra pounds might help you live longer if you"re past your prime(壮年) but otherwise healthy, a new study finds.
Physicians routinely follow guidelines issued by the World Health Organization. Because weight depends on height, they use a standard measure called body mass index (BMI), which is calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared.
Healthy weight is defined as a BMI anywhere between 18.5 and 24.9 in adults, whereas 25 to 29.9 is overweight and 30+ is obese.
The new study suggests that in the elderly, these boundaries may be too narrow. While no one is questioning that extra fat poses health risks in young and middle-aged adults, it may reduce the impact of frailty and old age, geriatrician(老年医学专家) Dr. Thomas Yoshikawa told Reuters Health.
So far, nobody knows exactly how BMI affects lifespan in older people. Some researchers speculate that it acts as an energy reserve that can help the elderly cope with illness.
For the study, Australian researchers followed more than 9,000 men and women who were between 70 and 75 years old at the beginning. The participants reported their height and weight as well as various factors related to health and lifestyle. About 33 percent of the women and 44 percent of the men were overweight.
Over 10 years, more than 2,000 of the participants died. Women who had an active life and didn"t smoke were the most likely to be alive at the end of the study.
But neither health nor lifestyle could fully explain why overweight people of both sexes survived longer than their normal-weight peers, who fared no better than obese individuals. In terms of survival, the best BMI was between 26 and 27, well within the overweight range.
The new results agree with earlier research showing that fat may be beneficial in old age.
1．We can learn from the passage that_________．
A. the heavier one is, the better
B. we shouldn’t lose weight when old
C. one should keep his weight within the recommended range
D. we shouldn’t worry about our weight if we are slightly fatter than normal when old
2．According to the passage, if a person is 1.5 metres in height and 67.5 kg in weight, his BMI is________.
A．30 B．25 C．45 D． 28
3. What does the author want to tell us most?
A. Fatness has little to do with diseases in old age.
B. Fatness is not always bad.
C. Fatness may be beneficial instead of harmful in old age.
D. Overweight people of both sexes survive longer than their normal-weight peers.
答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
解析
核心考点
试题【If you"re 70 and overweight, you may live longerA few extra pounds might help yo】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
II. 完形填空
Sometimes a small thing during your childhood can leave a lasting impression. The event happened one day when we were having 16 after shopping. I was glad to see there were so many 17 dishes on the table except for a plate of peas.
I can’t 18 why so many people like to eat peas. But I do not like peas at all.
“Eat your peas,” my grandmother said. “Mother,” said my mother in her 19 voice, “he doesn’t like peas.” My grandmother did not 20 , but there was something in her eyes that 21 she was not going to 22 . She said slowly but firmly, “I’ll pay you five dollars if you eat those peas.” I didn’t know what to do then. I only knew that five dollars was a good amount of money. I began to 23 the awful things down my throat.
With a 24 smile on her face, Grandmother said, “I can do what I want to, Ellen, and you can’t 25 me.” My mother glared at me. No one can glare like my mother. The glares made me nervous, and every single pea made me want to 26 . Finally I swallowed the last pea. My grandmother 27 me the five dollars with a smile. 28 , my mother continued to glare 29 .
That night, at dinner, my mother 30 two of my all-time favorite dishes, beef and potatoes. Along with them 31 a big, steaming bowl of peas. She offered me some peas, and I 32 ， “Mum, I don’t like peas,” I said.
“You ate them for 33 ,” she said. “You can also eat them for love.” “But, I ...” What could I say to refuse my mother? There was 34 . I had no choice but to eat the peas. The five dollars were quickly 35 . But the story of the peas lives on to this day.
16. A. tea B. lunch C. coffee D. supper
17. A. delicious B. perfect C. expensive D. colorful
18. A. believe B. agree C. understand D. forgive
19. A. violent B. angry C. unattractive D. warning
20. A. analyze B. reply C. insist D. resist
21. A. proved B. suggested C. wondered D. advised
22. A. give up B. give in C. allow for D. leave alone
23. A. conduct B. digest C. absorb D. force
44. A. greedy B. disappointed C. satisfied D. sensitive25. A. prevent B. master C. scare D. arrange
26. A. put forward B. set out C. throw up D.break through
27. A. spared B. borrowed C. showed D. handed
28. A. But B. However C. So D. Though
29. A. in silence B. with excitement
C. in surprise D.with doubt
30. A. chose B. gathered C. served D. ordered
31. A. arrived B. appeared C. came D. went
32. A. smiled B. refused C. accepted D. admitted
33. A. Grandmother B. lunch C. Mother D. money
34. A. no one B. nothing C. anything D. everything
35. A. saved B. used C. spent D. lost
三、完形填空（15分）
You may think there is only sand in the desert(沙漠) of the world, but it is not true. In the desert, as we know, there is a little__26__ and it is not__27__ for most plants. Still we can see some plants live in the desert.
There is___28_ in some places in the deserts. We__29__ these places oases(绿洲). In the oases, there are villages and towns. People grow__30__ kinds of vegetables and rice in the fields there. People__31__ live outside the oases. They have camels(骆驼), sheep and other animals. These animals live__32__ the desert plants for their food and do not need any water. The__33__ are useful to the desert people in many ways. They eat the__34__ and drink the milk of the animals. They__35__ the camels for carrying water, food, and_36___.
The people of the desert have to keep__37__ from place to place. They must always look__38__ grass or desert plants for their animals. When there__39___ no more food for their animals, they move to another place. The desert people are__40__. Every one in the desert likes to help the people in trouble and give them food and water.
26. A. rain B. rains C. wind D. winds
27. A. good B. good enough C. enough good D. enough
28. A. earth B. plants C. wood D. water
29.A. say B. call C. tell D. find
30.A. every B. all C. a D. one
31.A. also B. too C. either D. still
32.A. on B. with C. of D. by
33.A. water B. plants C. animals D. food
34.A. meal B. meat C. body D. food
35.A. let B. make C. drive D. use
36.A. other something B. something other C. else something D. something else
37.A. walking B. carrying C. moving D. going
38.A. up B. for C. after D. at
39.A. is B. are C. have D. has
40.A. carefully B. careful C. friendly D. friend
In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fighters. We’re pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession(痴迷) is more about us than them. So we’ve created various justifications（辩解）that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.
We have a full-developed panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to go around. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. What causes the hysteria(歇斯底里) is the belief that scarce elite（精英）degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All seems right but mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools. On two measures—professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams selective schools do slightly worse.
By some studies, selective schools do enhance（提高） their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke(偶然). A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.
Kids count more than their colleges. Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition. But it’s not the only indicator and, surprisingly, its significance is declining. The reason: so many similar people go elsewhere. Getting into college is not life’s only competition. In the next competition—the job market and graduate school—the results may change. Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D. program. High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of famous universities didn’t.
So, parents, take it easy（lighten up）. The stakes (利害关系) have been vastly exaggerated. Up to a point, we can rationalize our pushiness. America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that. But too much pushiness can be destructive. The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment. One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction. They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints.
1. Why does the author say that parents are the true fighters in the college-admissions wars?
A. They have the final say in which university their children are to attend.
B. They know best which universities are most suitable for their children.
C. They have to carry out intensive surveys of colleges before children make an application.
D. They care more about which college their children go to than the children themselves.
2. Why do parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever?
A. They want to increase their children’s chances of entering a prestigious college.
B. They hope their children can enter a university that offers attractive scholarships.
C. Their children will have a wider choice of which college to go to.
D. Elite universities now enroll fewer student than they used to.
3. What does the author mean by “kids count more than their colleges” Line1, para.4?
A. Continuing education is more important to a person’s success.
B. A person’s happiness should be valued more than their education.
C. Kids’ actual abilities are more important than their college background.
D. What kids learn at college cannot keep up with job market requirements.
4. What does Krueger’s study tell us?
A. Getting into Ph.D. programs may be more competitive than getting into college.
B. Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs.
C. Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much about their GRE scores.
D. Connections built in prestigious universities may be kept long after graduation.
5. One possible result of pushing children into elite universities is that______
A. they earn less than their peers from other institutions
B. they turn out to be less competitive in the job market
C. they experience more job dissatisfaction after graduation
D. they overemphasize their qualifications in job application
For most of us, our house is our home base, and having a happy and pleasant vibe (氛围) in all of our rooms is important.
1. ... Adding color to any room can help you feel more cheerful, and it can be done pretty quickly! Consider painting just one wall a lively color. A bright red, a peaceful green or even a lively yellow completely changes the feel.
2. ... First of all, think flower power! Fresh flowers are very easy to get at your local grocery market, and they make any room seem more alive. Plants have the same positive effect. Another way to celebrate life is to surround yourself with images of friends and family. Don’t keep your photos in albums or in your computer. Put them up on the walls to remind yourself of your favorite times and your favorite people.
3. ... The more points of light in any room, the better it will be. Especially as the days are getting shorter, having warm lighting will help you feel full of energy and alive through the winter months. In your bedroom, put a lamp on either side of your bed. Installing dimmers (调光器) is also a simple and inexpensive way to make the mood of a room easy to change. At dimmers.net, for example, you can get a dimmer for just $17.75.
4. ... You begin and end almost every day in your bedroom, so make the room comfortable! Have proper bedding and pillows (枕头). Keep your bedroom as tidy as possible, and remove anything that will interfere with your sleep. Get your new pillows and bedding at bedbathandbeyond.com.
5. Take control It’s this simple: Clear space =" A" clear mind. Keep desktops, countertops and tabletops open. Put t
he papers, files and other things away. Not only will your home feel cleaner, it will feel a whole lot bigger!1. What’s the purpose of this passage?
A. To tell us what is a good life.
B. To tell us how to decorate our houses.
C. To give us some tips on how to have a better mood.
D. To tell us how to have a happy and comfortable home.
2. What does the underlined phrase “interfere with” mean?
A. Get in the way of. B. Protect from.
C. Deal with. D. Keep away from.
3. Match each of the first four tips with one of the following titles.
a. Get comfortable.
b. Celebrate life.
c. Let there be light.
d. Color your way to happiness.
A. 1-d 2-c 3-a 4-b B. 1-a 2-b 3-c 4-d
C. 1-d 2-b 3-a 4-c D. 1-d 2-b 3-c 4-a
4. In which section of a newspaper would you most probably read this passage?
A. Teaching. B. Family. C. Housing. D. Life.
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
The simplest way to say it is this: I believe in my mother. My 小题1: began when I was just a kid. I 小题2: becoming a doctor. My mother was a worker. Through her work, she observed that 小题3: people spent a lot more time reading than they 小题4: watching television. She announced that my brother and I
小题5:watch two to three TV programs during the week. With our free time, we had to read two books each from the Detroit Public Library and then 小题6: her written book reports. She would mark them up with check marks and highlights. Years later we realized her marks were a 小题7: . My mother was illiterate (文盲的).
When I entered high school I was an A-student, but not for long. I 小题8: the fashionable clothes. I wanted to 小题9: the guys. I went from being an A-student to a B-student to a C-student. One night my mother came home after 小题10: at one of her several jobs and I complained about not having enough Italian knit shirts. She said, “Okay, I’ll give you all the money I make this week scrubbing (擦洗) floors and cleaning bathrooms, and you can buy 小题11: food and pay the bills. With the money that is 小题12: , you can have all the Italian knit shirts you want.” I was very 小题13: with that plan, but once I had finished paying for all of the important things, there was 小题14: left. I realized that my mother was always dealing with money well to be able to 小题15: a roof over our heads and to put food on the table. I also realized that immediate satisfaction wasn’t going to get me anywhere. _小题16:__ required intellectual (智力的) preparation. I went back to my 小题17: and became an A-student again. Finally, I 小题18: my dream and I became a doctor. My story is really my mother’s story — a woman with 小题19: formal education who used her position as a parent to change the lives of many people around the globe. Now I believe that there is no job more 小题20: than parenting.
小题21:
.
| A．belief | B．work | C．education | D．promise |
| A．kept up with | B．got used to | C．dreamed of | D．got tired of |
| A．lazy | B．easy-going | C．successful | D．reliable |
| A．cost | B．paid | C．took | D．did |
| A．could only | B．could not | C．must not | D．should often |
| A．read | B．give | C．hold | D．explain |
| A．mystery | B．risk | C．fool | D．trick |
| A．wanted | B．attracted | C．recognised | D．accepted |
| A．get rid of | B．hang out with | C．test on | D．keep in touch with |
| A．serving | B．looking | C．working | D．getting |
| A．your brother | B．yourself | C．me | D．the family |
| A．left over | B．paid off | C．used up | D．carried out |
| A．angry | B．pleased | C．disappointed | D．bored |
| A．anything | B．everything | C．something | D．nothing |
| A．buy | B．operate | C．keep | D．send |
| A．Success | B．Failure | C．Faith | D．Comfort |
| A．guys | B．mother | C．studies | D．clothes |
| A．made | B．realised | C．changed | D．tried |
| A．little | B．much | C．some | D．high |
| A．interesting | B．gentle | C．important | D．bitter |
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