Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive(漂亮的) people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告). But in the executive (行政的；管理的) circle, beauty can become
a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plain(平常的，不漂亮的) men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive ones. Thus, an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the "manly" qualities required.
This is true even in politics. "When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently," says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.
小题1:The word "liability" most probably means __________. | A．disadvantage | B．advantage | C．misfortune | D．trouble |
小题2:In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________. | A．makes women look more honest and capable | B．strengthens the qualifies required | | C．is of no importance to women | D．often enables women to succeed quickly |
小题3:Bowman"s experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _______. | A．turns out to be a disadvantage to men | | B．is more of a disadvantage than an advantage to women | | C．affects men and women alike | | D．has as little effect on men as on women |
小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that people"s views on beauty are often _____. | A．practical | B．supportive | C．old-fashioned | D．one-sided |
小题5: The author writes this passage to ________________. | A．give advice to job-seekers who are attractive | | B．discuss the disadvantages of women being attractive | | C．demand equal rights for women | | D．state the importance of appearance |
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小题1:A
小题1:D
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:B |
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核心考点
试题【Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone think】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have colorful dreams. But it wasn’t always thus. Research conducted in the early part of the last century consistently found that people reported dreaming most often in black and white.
According to Eva Murzyn at the University of Dundee, there are at least two possible explanations for this strange situation.
The first is the methods used in the researches. The early studies tended to use questionnaires（问卷）, while more modern studies use dream diaries (filled in upon rising in the morning) or so-called “REM-awakening”, which involves interrupting people’s dream-filled periods of sleep to find out what they were dreaming about. People’s memories of their dreams are likely to be less accurate by using the questionnaire approach and they are more likely to reflect their beliefs about the form dreams generally take in an unclear way.
The second explanation has to do with black and white television and film. It"s possible that the sudden increase in black and white film and television during the first half of the last century either affected the form of people’s dreams at that time, or affected their beliefs about the form dreams generally take.
According to Murzyn’s findings, it’s the explanation based on media exposure that carries more weight. She used both questionnaire and diary methods to study the dreams of 30 older (average age 64) and 30 younger people (average age 21).
The methodological technique made no difference to the type of dreams people reported. However, the extremely important thing was that, across both questionnaires and diaries, the older participants (who had had significant early life exposure to black and white media) reported experiencing significantly more black and white dreams over the last ten days than the younger participants (22 per cent vs. 4 per cent).
Another finding was that older participants reported black and white dreams and colorful dreams to be of equal clearness. By contrast, the younger participants reported that the quality of black and white dreams was poorer. This raises the possibility that the younger participants didn’t really have any black and white dreams at all, but were simply regarding poorly remembered dreams as black and white.
小题1:We learn from the text that ______.| A．people in the first half of the last century never had colorful dreams | | B．older people are more likely to have black and white dreams | | C．the dreams of younger people are always colorful | | D．people today don’t have white and black dreams any more |
小题2:What did Murxyn do to find out the explanations for the colors in people’s dreams?| A．She applied both questionnaire and diary methods to study people’s dreams. | | B．She used diary methods to record people’s dreams. | | C．She chose 60 people to answer her questions about their dreams. | | D．She woke people up to record the colors of their dreams. |
小题3:What does the underlined expression “carry more weight” in paragraph 5 mean?| A．be heavier | B．be more powerful | C．be more important | D．be more useful |
小题4:From Murxyn’s findings we can infer that ______.| A．both older people and younger people could report colorful dreams clearly | | B．young people don’t have any black and white dreams in fact | | C．the color of a person’s dream is decided by one’s age | | D．it is probably the color of media that affects the color of one’s dream |
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One silly question I simply can’t understand is "How do you feel?" Usually the question I asked of a man’s action－a man on the go, walking along the street or busily working at his desk. So what do you expect him to say? He’ll probably say," Fine, I’m all right," but you’ve put a bug in his ear. ——Maybe now he’s not sure. If you are a good friend, you may have seen something in his face, or his walk, that he overlooked(忽略)that morning. It starts him worrying a little. First thing you know, he looks in a mirror to see if everything is all right, while you go merrily on your way asking someone else. "How do you feel?"
Every question has its time and place. It’s perfectly acceptable, for example, to ask "How do you feel?" if you’re visiting a close friend in hospital. But if the fellow is walking on both legs, hurrying take a train, or sitting at his desk working, it’s no time to ask him that silly question.
When George Bernard Shaw, the famous writer of plays, was in his eighties, someone asked him, "How do you feel?" Shaw put him in his place. "When you reach my age," he said, "either you feel all right or you’re dead."
小题1:According to the writer, greetings such as "how do you feel"_______. | A．show one’s consideration for others. | B．are a good way to make friends | | C．are proper to ask a man in action | D．generally make one feel uneasy. |
小题2:The question "How do you feel" seems to be correct and suitable when asked of________.| A．a man working at his desk. | B．a person having lost a close friend. | | C．a stranger who looks worried. | D．a friend who is ill. |
小题3:The writer seems to feel that a busy man should _______.| A．be praised for his efforts. | B．never be asked any question. | | C．not be bothered(烦扰). | D．be discouraged from working so hard. |
小题4:You’ve put a bug in his ear means that you’ve ________.| A．made him laugh. | B．shown concern for him | | C．made fun of him | D． given him some kind of warning. |
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Sitting by her Pinocchio lamp, she smiled at me as her tiny hands" shadow danced on the bedroom wall．"A rabbit!" she laughed with all the delight of a four-year old．Her blue eyes shone with pride as she showed me the animated image she had created．"Daddy, will you show me how to make a tiger?" she asked．"Sure," I said, "and then we"ll read a story and tell your angels goodnight．"To my youngest daughter, that meant her bedtime prayer．
Today my daughter is seven, and I no longer get to read the story．She reads it to me, complete with expressive accents for the story characters．
To say I"m proud of our relationship would be an understatement．We have shared days of joy as well as tragedy．Our time together has strengthened the relationship of love and special "life stuff" that is all our own．
I am richer for having planted the spirit of trust in this gentle little person; we have grown together spiritually, learning much from each other．The special times we spend together, like nights by a Pinocchio lamp, create memories that we will treasure for the rest of our lives．
So it is with all of our relationships．The trust factor is vital for relationships to develop．Think of one of your fondest memories, and you will no doubt find a remarkable relationship at its center--one with a spiritual quality that shines outward from the heart．
Time together, caring acts, and unconditional love build trust．I suggest that we each spend plenty of time with our personal "Pinoechio lamps"--those special ways that we choose to strengthen our relationships．
Relationships take time to develop and maintain．It is not always easy, but the results are priceless．"Nights by a Pinoechio lamp", wherever those might be for you, will create e nduring relationships of golden "life stuff", spiritual gifts that no one can take away．
小题1:The underlined words in the third paragraph refer to all EXCEPT ______．| A．hands" shadow dancing on the wall | | B．reading bed stories | | C．sharing each other"s tragedy | | D．praying to the angels for goodnight |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?| A．The author thinks the relationship with his daughter is so simple that he can"t describe with plenty of words． | | B．If you take time to attempt to build relationship, you will find it easy to get the satisfactory results． | | C．Plant the spirit of trust into others and you will create valuable memories for each other． | | D．It"s not worth spending time developing relationship if you meet the failure at last． |
小题3:Why does the author write the passage?| A．To recall his fondest memories． | | B．To stress the importance of trust in building relationships． | | C．To explain how to create valuable memories． | | D．To tell the readers how to educate children． |
小题4:Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?| A．Life Stuff Of Your Own | | B．Nights by a Pinocchio Lamp | | C．Unconditional gifts---Love | | D．A spiritual quality shining outward from the heart |
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My first memories of acts of kindness are from when I was about 12 years old. From then on I always 36 at home and with friends.
That winter I notice that many 37 people had difficulty getting to the 38 store after a snowstorm. So I started to spend part of a 39 Saturday knocking at apartment doors to ask if any one needed 40 from the store. The grocery store was down a huge hill and I would bring 41 a couple of bags of groceries for them. I liked it and it made them so 42 .
It started with 43 alone and then the number grew. A short time later, my 44 in the building asked what I was doing and a couple of them 45 and it became a routine. I 46 asked for or took money for it. Sometimes the ladies 47 slip the change in my pocket. I would just buy something the next time to give to them, 48 flowers or a card. I did this every 49_ up to when I left to go to college.
When I was away at 50 , many people asked my mom how I was doing. Through those conversations she 51 what I used to do -—I had never told her.
Now, I’m a teacher and teaching my students the art of true 52 ; Everyone in the world needs help, and everyone can also 53 help. The image of those old people’s happiness caused by my 54 of goodwill appears in my mind every time I have the chance to do something 55 . This is the power of charity.
| 小题1: | | A．look around | B．run about | C．help out | D．act up |
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| 小题2: | | A．lazy | B．young | C．elderly | D．disabled |
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| 小题3: | | A．grocery | B．clothes | C．food | D．medicine |
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| 小题4: | | A．sunny | B．cloudy | C．rainy | D．snowy |
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| 小题5: | | A．anything | B．nothing | C．all | D．few |
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| 小题6: | | A．forwards | B．in | C．back | D．out |
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| 小题7: | | A．surprised | B．interested | C．ashamed | D．happy |
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| 小题8: | | A．myself | B．me | C．themselves | D．them |
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| 小题9: | | A．classmates | B．students | C．relatives | D．friends |
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| 小题10: | | A．gave up | B．joined in | C．paid up | D．turned away |
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| 小题11: | | A．sometimes | B．not | C．neither | D．never |
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| 小题12: | | A．would | B．should | C．could | D．dared |
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| 小题14: | | A．day | B．week | C．month | D．winter |
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| 小题15: | | A．school | B．college | C．leisure | D．work |
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| 小题16: | | A．recognized | B．followed | C．learned | D．proved |
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| 小题17: | | A．friendship | B．usefulness | C．success | D．kindness |
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| 小题18: | | A．offer | B．own | C．accept | D．reward |
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| 小题19: | | A．acts | B．words | C．thought | D．test |
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| 小题20: | | A．unusual | B．successful | C．hard | D．nice |
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When I was young, I belonged to a club that did community service work. There was one specific 36 that was unusual for me. I spent three or four hours handing out warm dinner to the homeless 37 in the streets. After that I went to a homeless shelter not far from the Bay Bridge.
I was in high school and at the time my sister was too young to 38 . She wanted to help, 39 she made many chocolate chip cookies for me to 40 and hand out to people. When getting to the shelter, I passed out the 41 . I began making sandwiches and 42 them with the crowd. I had the containers with my sister’s 43 in them and began to 44 around, offering them to anyone near me.
I approached an 45 gentleman and said, “ Sir, would you like a cookie?” He stopped and turned around, looked at me and said, “What did you say? Did you call me sir?” I told him I had, and his eyes 46 a little bit and said, “ No one has 47 called me sir.’ So he was completely moved.
It 48 me.
I explained I had been raised that 49 color and social status, everyone deserved respect. It 50 me to think that just because he was homeless, no one 51 him the honor. It broke my heart. I just didn’t understand 52 no one ever called him sir. I had never thought that anyone was below me because I wasn’t raised that way. Every 53 person deserves to be treated with respect. Years later, I still carry that memory and the 54 it taught me. Sometimes, what we take for granted can 55 make a difference in someone’s life.
| 小题1: | | A．case | B．chance | C．event | D．accident |
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| 小题3: | | A．participate | B．decide | C．choose | D．go |
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| 小题5: | | A．enjoy | B．eat | C．collect | D．take |
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| 小题6: | | A．papers | B．meals | C．books | D．gifts |
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| 小题7: | | A．shared | B．provided | C．helped | D．returned |
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| 小题8: | | A．dishes | B．fruits | C．cookies | D．sandwiches |
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| 小题10: | | A．well-dressed | B．innocent | C．old | D．modest |
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| 小题11: | | A．watered | B．cried | C．opened | D．closed |
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| 小题12: | | A．never | B．ever | C．still | D．yet |
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| 小题13: | | A．encouraged | B．attracted | C．struck | D．defeated |
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| 小题14: | | A．in spite of | B．regardless of | C．in case of | D．because of |
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| 小题15: | | A．persuaded | B．saddened | C．frightened | D．moved |
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| 小题16: | | A．handed | B．offered | C．reminded | D．promised |
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| 小题17: | | A．what | B．how | C．whether | D．why |
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| 小题18: | | A．single | B．usual | C．ordinary | D．normal |
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| 小题19: | | A．lesson | B．class | C．truth | D．reality |
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| 小题20: | | A．possibly | B．nearly | C．really | D．usually |
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