题目
题型：北京期末题难度：来源：
now own more products than ever before; there are enough nuclear weapons to destroy the earth several times
over; there is hardly any forest left and pollution has got to the point where we buy water. Within a few years
I predict you will be able to buy air. (There once was a time when you didn"t need to buy food or shelter either.)
Important developments in the last century are the breaking down of the class structures left over from the
Industrial Revolution stage, bringing with it the empowerment of the "common man": the working day is set by
law to only 8 hours a day, everyone has the vote, the media has less obvious government control, people have
landed on the moon, sent spacecrafts to Mars and so on. Families have also shrunk drastically (强烈地); the
nuclear family came about, and especially in the last half of the 20th century, one-parent families are becoming
more common. This shrinking in the size of the family shows the increased independence of people-once upon
a time people had to live in large groups to survive.
As humans have "become the gods", they have realized their individuality and independence and taken their
control of the world to an extreme. In many countries the land is almost completely used in the production of
food and as living space and they live in small cities which are entirely human constructed, made from materials
which are also entirely human constructed (concrete, bricks) with hardly any remains of nature. Weeds are
poisoned because they are messy; even parks have trees grown in tidy lines; grass is mowed to keep it short
and so on. I think the massive drug "problem" troubling people is a result of too much of this influence, humans
needing to escape the stark world they have created by entering fantasy worlds.
Over the last 100 years, the 20th century consciousness has spread throughout the world; most of Asia has
been thoroughly "Westernized", and most of the Third World is being overrun by Western ways of doing things
and living.
B. Strong effects of development.
C. Changed positions of humans as gods.
D. The process of the Industrial Revolution.
B. Tolerant.
C. Vague.
D. Negative.
B. Illegal.
C. Dull.
D. Violent.
B. People have damaged nature too much.
C. Men"s independence is partially limited.
D. People show concern for nuclear families.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Most of the 20th century has been a development on the Industrial Revo】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Recently, a solar powered plane took to the sky for the first time. It had passed an important test on the
way to travel around the world.
The plane took off from an airport in Switzerland at 45 km an hour It slowly rose above the fields and
into the sky. During the 90-minute flight, the plane did several turns. It climbed nearly l.6 km above the
countryside.
Engineers plan to test a night flight before July. Then they will use the results of the tests to build a second
plane. They plan to travel around the world in that plane in 2012. The plane flies at 70 km an hour. That is
faster than a bike and slower than a car. The pilots will keep the plane in the air for up to five days at a time.
(II)
Cities and states with more sidewalks and bike paths tend to have slimmer residents than locations where
people must rely on vehicle transportation, according to a new study.
The study shows active travel has significant health benefits, people who live in areas that are more
conductive (有益的) to walking and cycling are more likely "to engage in these forms of active transport.
Researchers analyzed data from all 50 US states and 47 largest US cities, along with international data from
14 countries. Results showed that walking and cycling rates could explain more than half of the differences
in obesity rates among countries.
The US doesn"t measure up well in the study, coming in at No. 12 out of 14 0n percent-age of trips adults
take by bike or on foot. Australia came in last.
The researchers suggest that in addition to infrastructure (基础设施) improvements, cities and states
should create restrictions on car use, such as car-free zones, reductions in motor vehicle speeds, and limit
more expensive car parking.
B. The second plane will be bigger and fly faster.
C. The plane will fly for at most five hours at a time.
D. The plane uses no fuel and goes faster than a car.
B. teach us how to keep residents slimmer
C. tell us people in "active cities" are slimmer
D. compare the living level of developed countries
B. all the US states and largest cities are involved with this survey
C. more expensive car parking can contribute to improve infrastructure
D. the number of bikes in Australia may be the greatest of the 14 countries
B. Science and health.
C. Culture and Communication.
D. Sports and Entertainment.
sea-level rise is now unavoidable (不可避免的), it will happen faster than most of us thought, and it will
go on for a very long time.
Even if greenhouse gas emissions (排放) stopped tomorrow, the oceans would continue to become
larger as they get warm. The climate scientists estimate that sea-level rise may be in the range of 1 to 2
meters by 2100, with a small risk of an even greater rise.
For many islands and low-lying regions, even small rises will cause disasters. But for most countries,
the problem is what has been built on that land: New York, Sydney and Tokyo, to mention just a few
cities. Unless something can be done, great areas of urban network will disappear under the waves. It
will take a great engineering effort to protect these cities-an effort that may be beyond economies that
have been brought to their knees.
None of this means we should fear, and stop trying to forbid emissions. But together with these efforts,
we need to start acting now and we must stop building in danger zones.
Billions of dollars are being spent on constructing homes, offices and roads in vulnerable (脆弱的)
coastal areas. For instance, the skyscrapers of Shanghai are being built on land that is mere 4 meters
above sea level on average, and they are sinking under the weight of the buildings. Therefore, planning
for new coastal developments is to go against reality. If we want to build a lasting heritage for our children,
we should do so on the plentiful land that is in no danger from the sea. It is one of the effective ways to
slow down climate change, and we should be acting on it now.
B. temperature change of the oceans
C. vulnerable coastal area
D. fast urban development and expansion
B. modem cities are usually built along the coastline
C. the coastline is very important for modem countries
D. climate change can do harm to economies
B. people have lost confidence in their economies
C. economy development has made climate change worse
D. protecting the cities may cost more than what has been obtained
B. stop building skyscrapers in big cities like Sydney and Tokyo
C. build cities on the land free from the danger of sea-level rise
D. be aware of the danger of greenhouse gas emissions into the ocean
confront. But there"s a single, over-riding reason to buy life insurance: to provide an income for your
dependents should you die. Don"t depend solely on an agent to figure your life insurance needs. Rule-of-
thumb estimates such as five or eight times your income are guesses; they may produce too little or too
much insurance. Carry too little insurance and you may not provide a reasonable standard of living for
your family after your death; carry too much and you may not enjoy a reasonable standard of living while
you"re alive.
Most people who have life insurance don"t have enough. The median (中值) amount of coverage for
all adults with life insurance was only 15,000 pounds in 1984. That"s obviously not enough to sustain a
family with young children for very long. Nationwide Insurance found that the married men in its 1984
survey carried an average of about 101,880 pounds in life insurance; they needed about 100,705 pounds
more. Married women carried about 43,516 worth insurance but needed some 98,507 pounds more.
How do you determine the amount of life insurance you would need to maintain your family"s current
life-style if the bread-winner died? First, figure, what your family"s expenses would be if you died tomorrow.
Then, analyze your assets (财产) and the sources of income that you can use to cover the expenses.
Finally, subtract the assets from the needs. The result is the amount of additional insurance that you"ll need
to buy.
B. life insurance is most important in maintaining your family"s current life-style
C. life insurance is the result of amount of additional insurance you"ll need to buy
D. how to determine the amount of life insurance you would need
B. there is a single, over-riding reason
C. it reminds you that you may die one day
D. it forces you to think about your additional expenses
B. These agents may produce too little or too much insurance.
C. You must not rely on agents only to tell you how much life insurance you need.
D. You should believe in either your agent or those empirical (经验的) estimates.
B. you may not provide a reasonable standard of living for your family after your death
C. you may not enjoy a reasonable standard of living while you"re alive
D. you will know in the end that they are just wild guesses
EXCEPT ____.
B. adding up the ages of your dependents
C. estimating your family"s expenses
D. taking away the assets from the expenses
A. Causes of dental fluorosis B. Negative effects of fluoride C. Safe use of fluoride D. The expert"s background information E. No need to worry about fluoride poisoning F. Solutions to improper use of fluoride |
| 阅读理解。 |
| Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That"s why a new study of French workers is welcome news. Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got retired while they were still employed. The scientists followed employees of the French National Gas and Electric Company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period. Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries. "The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important," Westerlund says. "We don"t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won"t see the improvements we did." However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees" health after they leave their jobs-with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work. |
| (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.) 1. According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like _______. 2. Westerlund"s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both _______. 3. What does the word "improvements" in paragraph 5 refer to? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Retirement may make people happier with ______. |