题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
the risk of getting cancer or heart disease has found that the diet has no effect.
The study involved nearly 49,000 women aged 50 to 79 who were followed for eight years. In
the end, those assigned to a lowfat diet had the same rates of breast cancer, colon cancer and heart
attacks as those who ate whatever they pleased, researchers are reporting today.
And the lowfat diet was not easy to follow. Women were told to aim for a diet that had just 20
percent of its calories as fat, which meant, for example, no butter on bread, no cheese on bagels,
no oil in salad dressings. And most fail to meet that requirement.
The result, the study investigators agreed, does not justify recommending lowfat diets to the
public to reduce their heart disease and cancer risk. Given the lack of benefit found in the study,
many medical researchers said that the best dietary advice, for now, was to follow federal guidelines
for healthy eating, with less saturated and trans fats, more grains, and more fruits and vegetables.
But not everyone was convinced. Some, like Dr. Dean Ornish, a longtime promoter of lowfat
diets, said that the women did not reduce their fat to low enough levels or eat enough fruits and
vegetables, and that the study, even at eight years, did not give the diets enough time. Others said
that the study did not mean people should abandon lowfat diets. The diet could still make a difference,
at least with heart disease, if people were to eat the socalled Mediterranean_diet,_low in saturated
fats like butter and high in oils like olive oil. But the women in the study reduced all kinds of fat.
To this, Barbara V. Howard, a principle investigator in the study argued that "What we are saying
is that a modest reduction of fat did not do anything for heart disease and so on, but it doesn"t say that
this diet is not beneficial". And she said people should realise that diet alone was not enough to stay
healthy. Except for not smoking, the advice for a healthy lifestyle is based largely on indirect evidence,
like eating well, controlling weight and getting regular exercise.
B．diet that comes from the Mediterranean region
C．diet low in saturated fats and high in olive oil
D．diet found in Mediterranean restaurants
B．no institute will issue some advice on lowfat diets
C．many people still believe lowfat diets are beneficial for people"s health
D. people will probably turn to federal guidelines for healthy eating advice
B．a healthy lifestyle often means balanced diets, enough exercise and quitting smoking
C．all fats should be removed from people"s diet to keep one healthy
D．if one gets only 20% of his calories from fat, he is sure to keep healthy
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 A $415 million study, by far the most expensive one, ever to ask wheth】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere. However, it now turns out that planting trees could add to global
warming. We all know that tree roots do a great job of keeping soil firmly on the ground and out of the
wind"s power. The problem is that some of the dust clouds play an important part in soaking up carbon
dioxide.
Huge dust storms blow out over the oceans from dry parts of North Africa and Central Asia. Tons of
dust are lifted and left as a thin film over the ocean surface.
Dust from China is carried east and left in the Pacific Ocean. If a tree planting programme there is
successful and the dust supply reduced, the net result may be that less carbon dioxide gets locked away
in the ocean.
Andy, an environmental scientist has spent the past few years studying dust and says his work shows
clearly the complexity of the system. For this reason the need is to focus on cutting carbon dioxide giving
off rather than doing anything else.
Robert, an American scientist, has shown that when native grassland areas are invaded by trees,
carbon is lost from the soil. "We are studying why the soil carbon disappears, but one theory is that trees
do a lot more of their growing above ground compared to grass, so less carbon goes directly into the soil
from trees." said Robert.
In wet areas of the world, the gain from trees absorbing carbon dioxide above ground seems to be
outweighed by the loss of carbon from the soil below ground.
Countries that plan to fight against global warming by planting trees may have to think again. Solutions
to environmental problems are often more complex than they first appear, and understanding the Earth"s
climate is a very great challenge.
B. planting trees could reduce global warming
C. huge dust storms can destroy the oceans on the Earth
D. planting trees is the only way to control huge dust storms
B. trees shouldn"t have been planted in dry places
C. dust plays a more important part than trees
D. carbon dioxide is harmful to everything
B. carbon can turn grass into dust
C. less carbon can make trees grow faster
D. grassland areas should be covered by forests
B. The dust clouds soak up carbon dioxide
C. Is it really useful to plant trees to reduce global warming?
D. Why the soil carbon disappears
of ice cream, bowls of noodles and plates of meat-all while losing weight?
You might hate me, thinking I have one of those annoyingly good metabolisms(新陈代谢)that just
burn up fat the instant it enters my body. You might wonder if I have an intestinal(肠的)worm, or
perhaps an eating disorder. Or maybe you"d just shrug your shoulders and figure I have a rich fantasy
life.
You"d be wrong.
For my body to finish such a surprising task, I would have to be a mouse. Not just any mouse, but
one lucky enough to be involved in a new study at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.
After identifying an enzyme(酶)that allows fat to be stored in the body, scientists fed mice without
those enzymes, and found those mice were able to consume far more food than other mice-and still
weigh 10 to 15 percent less.
Best of all, the mice that had no enzymes were in very good health, producing baby mice with no
problem and generally acting like any other mouse. That"s great news for obesity researchers, who think
that scientists may figure out a way to prevent the fat metabolizing(脂肪代谢)enzyme in humans and
control weight gain. And such a pill would be very exciting for many people who are struggling to get rid
of dangerous extra pounds.
But don"t start planning any big dinner just yet. At this point, of course, any pill for humans is but a
twinkle(闪烁) in the eye of every medicine company"s CEO. More tests are to be made, and eventually
humans will be introduced in the test.
But for now, unfortunately, control in diet is still the key.
B. Burning up fat very quickly.
C. Controlling the diet.
D. Having a rich fantasy life.
B. Because the weight losing tests were made on the mouse.
C. Because the mouse has a very good metabolism.
D. Because the author wants to try the food without the enzyme.
B. put on weight
C. became weak
D. could not have baby mice
B. Scientists cannot find the key to identifying the enzyme.
C. Don"t overeat before the test is made on humans.
D. It is unnecessary to control weight at present.
Brian Wansink, a professor at the University of Illinois, says we also eat certain foods because they
make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories. Wansink calls this kind of food comfort food.
For some people, ice cream is a comfort food. For others, a bowl of noodles soup makes them feel
good.
__2__ Professor Wansink believes that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people
in our lives. "When I was a child, my mother made a delicious soup; I loved it. __3__ And it helps me
feel better, " says one of Wansink’s coworkers.
Do men and women choose different comfort foods? Wansink"s research at the University of Illinois
says "yes". In his study, the favorite comfort food for both men and women was ice cream. After this,
men usually preferred hot, savory (香的) foods like soup or noodles. __4__ Men and women like to
eat comfort foods when they are happy, but women eat these foods more when they are sad or worried.
__5__ About 40 percent of the comfort foods in Wansink"s study were healthy main dishes or
soups and vegetables. It shows, says Wansink, that a comfort food can taste good and be good for you.
A. Not all comfort food is junk food.
B. Where can we buy this sort of food?
C. Sweet foods are also their preference.
D. How does a food become a comfort food?
E. Usually, we eat because we are hungry or need energy.
F. Women like sweet things such as chocolate and cookies.
G. Now, I often have this kind of food when I am tired or worried.
health. However, not all know that noise is also a kind of pollution, and that is harmful to humans, too.
People who work and live under noisy conditions usually become deaf. Today, however, scientists
believe that 10 percent of workers in Britain are being deafened by the noise where they work. Many of
the workers who print newspapers and books, and who weave cloth become deaf. Quite a few people
living near airports also become deaf. Recently it was discovered that many teenagers in America could hear no better than 65-year-old people, for these young people like to listen to "pop" music and most of
"pop" music is a kind of noise. Besides, noise produced by jet planes or machines will make people"s life
difficult and unpleasant, or even make people ill or even drive them mad. It is said that a continuous noise
of over 85 decibels can cause deafness.
Nowadays the governments in many countries have made laws to reduce or control noise and make it
less than 85 decibels. In China, the government is trying to solve not only air and water pollution problems but also the noise pollution problem.
B. air pollution
C. harmful pollution
D. noise pollution
B. 10 percent of all the workers in Britain are working in noisy places
C. 10 percent of all the workers in Britain are being deafened by the noise where they work
D.90 percent of all the workers are free from any noise
B. sell newspapers
C. like listening to music
D. often travel by plane
B. of less than 85 decibels
C. of over 85 decibels
D. of only 85 decibels
Drinking alcohol(酒精)is dangerous for kids and teens and sometimes for adults, too.
Alcohol is a drug, and it is the drug most abused by teens. Many kids have their first drink
at an early age, as young as 10 or 11 or even younger.
They may have seen their parents drink or cool advertisements for beer and wine. It"s
easy for a kid to get the wrong message about alcohol. In TV commercials, drinking looks
like a lot of fun, you might see people drinking; and watching sports together or having
a big party.
But alcoholisactuallya depressant (镆静剂 ).That means it"s a drug that slows down
or depresses the brain. Like many drugs, alcohol changes a person"s ability to think,
speak and see things as they really are.
A person might lose his or her balance and have trouble walking properly. The person
might feel relaxed and happy and start crying or have an argument.
When people drink too much,.They might hurt themselves or other people, especially
if they drive a car. Someone who drinks too much also might throw up and could wake
up the next day feeling awful. Drinking too much alcohol can lead to alcohol poisoning,
which can kill a person. Over time, someone who abuses alcohol can do serious damage
to his or her body. The liver, which removes poisons from the blood, is especially at risk."
Because alcohol can cause such problems, teens shouldn"t be allowed to use alcohol,
and people who drink alcohol are not allowed to drive cars.
1. What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 5 words. )
__________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? Many small
children, began, to drink alcohol when they were younger than, 10 years old.
________________________________________________________________
3. Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases to complete the passage.
(Please answer within 10 words. )
________________________________________________________________
4. Which do you think is the most serious result of drinking alcohol? Why? (Please
answer within 30 words. )
__________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________
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