题目
题型:山东省同步题难度:来源:
The Millennium Seed Bank Project, run by Kew Gardens-one of the oldest botanical gardens-will
officially deposit the 24,200th species on Thursday, a pink, wild banana from China.
More than 50 countries are now on board with Kew"s giant task but vast places of the globe, including India and Brazil, still need to join in and donate seeds, director Paul Smith said.
The seed bank is one of the largest and most diverse in the world with more than 1.5 billion seeds.Its
goal is to help protect the planet"s biodiversity during a time of climate change.
The wild banana seed is under threat of extinction (灭绝) in southwest China from agricultural
development.It is a vital food source for Asian elephants and important for growing bananas for human
consumption.
Stored at minus20 degrees centigrade, so they can last for thousands of years, the seeds await the day
that scientists hope never comes-when the species no longer exist in the wild.
It is a race against time, Smith said, because in the last decade alone, 20 plants held in the bank have
already been wiped out in the wild.He estimates that between a third and a quarter will become extinct this century.
"It is urgent and it is happening now.An area, the size of England, is cleared of primary vegetation
(植被) every year." Smith said.
Because most of the world"s food and medicines come from nature, protecting wild plant species is
quite important, scientists say.There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops, which
only account for 0.6 percent of plant diversity.
For Kew"s next goal-to collect a quarter of wild varieties by 2020-the botanists need 10 million pounds a year, or a further 100 million pounds on top of the 40 million they have already been granted.
B. To safeguard food crops.
C. To protect wild plants from extinction.
D. To help scientists study wild plants.
B. the climate change in this area
C. the large number of Asian elephants
D. human"s large consumption
B. India and Brazil haven"t joined in the Seed Bank Project at present
C. there is only one seed bank in the world at present
D. the wild plants in places like India and China will never die out
B. The Millennium Seed Bank Project.
C. Britain"s seed bank.
D. Kew Gardens"next goal.
B. The temperature condition of the conservative wild plant species.
C. The government"s financial support for the seed bank project.
D. Scientists"concern on the extinct wild plant species.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解 Britain"s seed bank, the only one in the world aiming to collect all of】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
1981.And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South,including Florida"s orange groves and beaches.
Whatever happened to global warming?
Such weather doesn"t seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of
greenhouse gases. But experts say the cold snap doesn"t contradict global warming at all-it"s just a
temporary phenomenon in the longterm heating trend."It"s part of natural variability," said Gerald Meehl,
a senior scientist.With global warming,he said,"we"ll still have record cold temperatures.We"ll just have
fewer of them."
Scientists say manmade climate change does have the potential to cause more frequent and more
severe weather extremes.But experts did not connect the current cold snap to climate change.
So what is going on?
" We basically have seen just a big outbreak of Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern
Hemisphere",Arndt said.
In the atmosphere,large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic
and the tropics.This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted.But recently,this air flow has
become bent into a zigzag (之字形) pattern,wandering north and south.If you live in a place where it
brings air up from the south,you get warm weather. In fact, record highs were reported this week in
Washington state and Alaska.
But in the eastern United States,like some other unlucky parts of the globe,Arctic air is coming from the north. And that"s how you get a temperature of 3 degrees in Beijing, a reading of minus 42 in mainland
Norway,and 18 inches of snow in parts of Britain.The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time to time,but
it is not clear why it"s so strong right now.
B.We"ll still have record cold temperatures
C.The air flow has become a zigzag pattern
D.Cold snap doesn"t contradict global warming
B.have more hot temperatures forever
C.never experience cold temperatures
D.have more cold temperatures
B.is not related to the climate change
C.shows that the climate will turn cold
D.is affected by global warming
B.a cooling trend in climate
C.a big outbreak of Arctic air
D.its large population
B.the zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentally
C.Beijing will get cold weather next year
D.Washington state and Alaska will not face cold weather next year
tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject
himself with insulin (胰岛素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness,
and even death. And if that weren"t bad enough, he had no health insurance.
After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he"d better find a way to fight back. He left Canton,
Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created
diabeticrockstar. com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones-a place where over
1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources.
Jason Swencki"s son, Kody, was diagnosed with diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online
children"s forums (论坛) together most evenings. "Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over,"
says Swencki, one of the site"s volunteers. "They know what he"s going through, so he doesn"t feel
alone."
Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States,
with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages.
These days, Thomas"s main focus is his charity (慈善机构), Fight It, which provides medicines and
supplies to people-225 to date-who can"t afford a diabetic"s huge expenses. Fightit. org has raised
about $23,000-in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar
Festival in the Caribbean.
Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while
still doing his fulltime job waiting tables. "Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into
finding a cure," says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstar"s original members. "But Christopher is the only
person I know saying people need help now."
B. He studies the leading cause of diabetes
C. He has a positive attitude to his disease.
D. He encourages diabetics by writing articles.
B. volunteers to find jobs
C. children to amuse themselves
D. rock stars to share resources
B. benefits from diabeticrockstar. com
C. helps create the online kid"s forums
D. writes children"s stories online
B. It organizes parties for volunteer once a year.
C. It offers less expensive medicines to diabetics.
D. It owns a wellknown medical website.
B. employs 22 people for his website
C. helps diabetics in his own way
D. tries to find a cure for diabetes
able to put the tooth back in for you, but you have to get to the dentist first. In the meantime, you have
to store the tooth so that it will stay healthy.
The simplest thing to do is to put the tooth back into your mouth, or you could put it in milk. Frank
Courts, a dentist at the University of Florida, worked with other researchers to find the safest way of
keeping knocked-out teeth. He tried putting teeth into milk, into water, and into cell-culture medium
(细胞培养液). He also tried just drying the teeth in the open air. He used teeth that had to be removed
from people"s mouths for vanous reasons. The teeth were put into one of the solutions(溶液) or stored
in the air for one hour. Then cells from the root of the teeth were scraped off the teeth. Dr Courts and the
others then studied how healthy these cells were.
The cell-culture medium worked best to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth.
However, few people keep cell-culture medium handy at home or in school. The next best thing was
milk. But Dr Courts said that the best thing of all was to wash the tooth and put it right back into its
socket (牙槽) in the mouth. For some people, though, this is just too painful or upsetting. So milk will
do, until you get your tooth( andyour mouth) to a dentist.
1. This passage is mainly about .
A. how a dentist can save a knocked-out tooth
B. how to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy
C. how Dr Courts and other researchers made their experiments
D. how to put a knocked-out tooth back into its socket
2. Dr Courts tested __ .
A. man-made teeth
B. teeth dried in the open air
C. teeth pulled for various reasons
D. teeth put back in their sockets
3.The best way to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth is to store it .
A. in cell-culture medium
B. in milk
C. in water
D. in the open air
4. Milk can be used instead of cell-culture medium to put a knocked-out tooth in because .
A. milk works better to keep the tooth healthy
B. nulk causes less pain
C. cell-culture medium is not usually handy
D. cell-culture medium is more expensive
treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse, temperature,
clear airway (气道), and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim"s condition from
turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of
the seriously injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim"s needs and the provider"s level of knowledge and skill.
Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a
person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的 ) injury and paralysis
(瘫痪) .
Despite the variety of injuries possible, several rules of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step
is to call for expert medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been
requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess (评估) the scene, asking
other people or the injured person"s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that
may have already been given, and pre-existing conditions such as diabetes(糖尿病) or heart trouble. The
victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special conditions. Unless the accident scene
becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to decide whether life-threatening conditions exist. One
method for accessing a victim"s condition is known by the acronym(首字母缩写词) ABC, which stands
for:
A-Airway: Is it open and clear?
B-Breathing: Is the person breathing? Look,listen, and feel for breathing.
C-Circulation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature
for additional indications of circulation problems.
1. First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT .
A. saving a victim"s life
B. preventing a victim"s condition from getting worse
C. relieving a victim from pain
D. helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury
2. Before we offer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us .
A. to make sure what to do and what not to do
B. to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid
C. to remove the ring or bracelet he/she may be wearing
D. to take him/her to a hospital at once
3. In giving first aid to a victim, you should first of all .
A. remove his/her from the accident scene
B. turn him/her over
C. call for professional medical help
D. examine him/her carefully
4. You may assess (评价) a victim"s condition by all the following EXCEPT .
A. checking whether there is a pulse
B. looking, listening and feeling for breathing
C. replacing his/her medical card
D. examining whether the airway is open and clear
breathing, you have four minutes before his brain is completely destroyed. Support his neck, tilt(使翘
起) his head back and press his chin (下巴) upwards.This stops the tongue blocking the airway in the
throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again. If that doesn"t work, start mouth-to-mouth
breathing. Prees his nostrils (鼻孔) together with your fingers. Open your mouth and take a deep breath. Blow into his lungs until his chest rises, then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall. Repeat
twelve times a minute. Keep doing until help arrives.
To bring a child back to life, keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently blow into his
mouth. Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to fill the blood with oxygen. If, in spite of your
efforts, he starts tuming a blue-grey colour, and you can feel no pulse (脉搏) , then pressing is the last
chance of saving his life.
With arms straight, rock forwards, pressing down on the lower half of the breastbone. Don"t be too
hard or you may break a rib(肋骨). Check how effective you are seeing if his colour improves or his
pulse becomes independent to your chest pressing. If this happens, stopthe pressing. Otherwise continue
until rescue amves.
1. This passage is mainly about .
A. how to save people out of the water
B. how to give first aid to people who are drowning
C. how to do mouth-to-mouth breathing
D. how to save a child from a nver
2. Once you get a drowning man out of the water, if he isn"t breathing, you must first .
A. get him breathing again
B. take him to the nearest hospital as soon as possible
C. find someone to help you
D. call the First Aid Centre
3. In the last paragraph, the underlined word "rescue" means .
A. breath
B. help
C. doctor
D. pulse
4. If the drowning boy has no pulse, .
A. pressing his chin upwards is enough to get him breathing
B. blowing air into his mouth is sure to save his life
C. pressing his nostrils together with your fingers can work
D. pressing is the last chance of saving his life
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