题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Here’s a familiar version of the boy-meets-girl situation. A young man has at last plucked up courage to invite a dazzling young lady out to dinner. She has accepted his invitation and he is overjoyed. He is determined to take her to the best restaurant in town, even if it means that he will have to live on memories and hopes during the month to come. When they get to the restaurant, he discovers that this ethereal creature is on a diet. She mustn’t eat this and she mustn’t that. Oh, but of course, she doesn’t want to spoil his enjoyment. Let him by all means eat as much fattening food as he wants: it’s the surest way to an early grave. They spend a truly memorable evening together and never see each other again.
What a miserable lot dieters are! You can always recognize them from the sour expression on their faces. They spend most of their time turning their noses up at food. They are forever consulting calorie charts; gazing at themselves in mirrors; and leaping on to weighing-machines in the bathroom. They spend a lifetime fighting a losing battle against spreading hips, protruding tummies and double chins. Some wage all-out war on FAT. Mere dieting is not enough. They exhaust themselves doing exercises, sweating in sauna baths, being pummeled and massaged by weird machines. The really wealthy diet-mongers pay vast sums for ‘health cures’. For two weeks they can enter a nature clinic and be starved to death for a hundred guineas a week. Don’t think it’s only the middle-aged who go in for these fads either. Many of these bright young things you see are suffering from chronic malnutrition: they are living on nothing but air, water and the goodwill of God.
Dieters undertake to starve themselves of their own free will; so why are they so miserable? Well, for one thing, they’re always hungry. You can’t be hungry and happy at the same time. All the horrible concoctions they eat instead of food leave them permanently dissatisfied. Wonderfood(奇妙的事物) is a complete food, the advertisement says. ‘Just dissolve a teaspoonful in water…’. A complete food it may be, but not quite as complete as a juicy steak. And, of course, they’re always miserable because they feel so guilty. Hunger just proves too much for them and in the end they lash out and devour five huge guilt-inducing cream cakes at a sitting. And who can blame them? At least three times a day they are exposed to temptation. What utter torture it is always watching others tucking into piles of mouth-watering food while you munch a water biscuit and sip unsweetened lemon juice!
What’s all this self-inflicted torture for? Saintly people deprive themselves of food to attain a state of grace. Unsaintly（saintly<圣洁的>的反义词） people do so to attain a state of misery. It will be a great day when all the dieters in the world abandon their slimming courses; when they hold out their plates and demand second helpings!
小题1:The best title for this passage is
A On Fat.
B We Should All Grow Fat and Be Happy.
C Many Diseases Are Connected with Fat.
D Diet Deprives People of Normal Life.
小题2:Why do they never see each other again?
A Because it is a memorable evening.
B Because she lets him eat as much fattening food as he wants.
C Because she does not eat this and drink that.
D Because eating fattening food is the surest way to an early grave.
小题3:Which of the following ways is NOT mentioned for diet?
A Doing exercises. B Not eating sugar. C Not eating fat. D Taking sauna baths.
小题4:What is the author’s attitude toward diet?
A Persuasive. B Critical. C Indifferent. D Adversative.
答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:B
解析
文章论及“减肥及痛苦”。以先声夺人的男女约会入手，引入减肥的痛苦过程：首先是各种减肥的方法（全面战斗）；其次是痛苦的难熬；最后点出减肥的目的。号召人放弃减肥。三段式文章：引言，正文和结论。以讽刺的笔调，步步深入的手法劝人放弃减肥，过愉快的生活。
小题1:我们都该长得胖乎乎，心情愉快。这是文章的目的，也是文章最佳标题。答案见最后一段：“这一切自我折磨为了什么？圣洁的人们不吃饭菜是为了身材优美，不圣洁的人们不吃饭菜得到的是痛苦。当世界上所有的节食者都抛弃这减轻体重显得苗条的课程时当他们伸出盘子，要求再来一份（第二份食物）时，这将是一个伟大的日子。”
A. 论脂肪。似乎有点儿接近文章的内容。但文章涉及到的各个方面并不是单讲脂肪食品或饮食问题。C. 许多疾病和脂肪有关。文内第一段提到这方面的问题。D. 节食剥夺了人们正常生活。文内提到，但不是文章的总目的和内容。
小题2:吃脂肪食品早死。答案就在第一段“当他们来到饭店，他发现这位优雅的少女（飘逸的少女）是个忌口节食者。决不能吃这个，一定不能喝那个。喔，当然，她不想扫他的兴，让他想吃多少脂肪的食品就尽量吃。这是早早接近死亡的最有把握的途径。”这里传递两点信息。一个吃，一个不吃已经是格格不入，再加上“多吃脂肪东西早死亡”姑娘怎能嫁他，他一个人吃而那位姑娘瞧着，确实是难以忘怀的夜晚，他受得了？所以D是最接近不再见面的原因。
A. 因为这是一个值得纪念的夜晚。B. 她让他爱吃多少脂肪食物就吃多少。C.因为她不吃这个也不吃那个。这三项都是单独的事实或情况。
小题3:不吃糖。答案再第二段第二句开始“他们大部分时间对食品都不屑一顾。他们永远向热量表讨教咨询，照镜子，跳到浴室的磅秤上称重量。他们一声都在向臀部大，肚子突出，双下巴绽开一个准输无疑的战斗。有的对脂肪开展了全面战斗。光节食是不够的，他们运动以消耗体重，洗桑拿浴出汗，用奇异的机器按摩和击打。”
A. 运动做操。C.不吃脂肪。D.洗桑拿浴。
小题4:批评的态度。这在第二、三段都有明显的表示。第二段开始：“这些节食者是多么可怜的一群人啊！你总是可以从他们愁眉不展的表情上认出他们。”第二段倒数第四句开始：“这些真正有钱的节食大款为健康治疗支付大笔的款项。他们进到“自然门诊”。两个星期饿得要死，每星期付一百畿尼。别以为仅仅是中年人参与这种时尚活动。你可以见到许多青年正由于长期营养不良而遭罪。他们就靠空气、水和上帝的善意而活着。”第三段，“节食者甘愿忍饥挨饿，那么他们为什么那样难受悲惨呢？得，首先，他们总是感到饥饿。你不可能饿着肚子高兴。他们吃的不是食物，全是搭配好的东西，这永远不能使他们满意……”第三段倒数第三句“饥饿确实令他们感到太受不了了。最终，他们破釜沉舟，一口气就吞下了五大块使人内疚的奶油蛋糕。谁能责怪他们！他们一天至少三次面对引诱，老是看着别人大口吃着馋涎欲滴的食品，而你自己用力嚼一口水饼干和喝一口没有甜味的柠檬汁。这是一种什么样的折磨啊！”
A.劝导的。 C.漠不关心。这两项不对。D. 敌意的。不合适。
核心考点
试题【We Should All Grow Fat and Be HappyHere’s a familiar version of the boy-meets-gi】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
A study by British "Which? Computing" asked a microbiologist to examine for bugs on 33 keyboards in a typical London office, a toilet seat and a toilet door handle.
Four keyboards were judged potential health hazards and the microbiologist recommended the removal of one keyboard as it had 150 times the pass limit of bacteria -- five times filthier than the swabbed toilet seat.
"Most people don"t give much thought to the grime that builds up on their PC, but if you don"t clean your computer, you might as well eat your lunch off the toilet," said Sarah Kidner, the consumer magazine editor of "Which? Computing" in a statement.
The study found that eating lunch at desks is the main cause of a bug-infested keyboard. Dropped crumbs and food encourages the growth of millions of bacteria.
Poor personal hygiene, such as not washing hands after going to the toilet, may also add to the dirtiness of keyboards.
But despite the health hazard of a dirty keyboard, a survey of 4,000 people by the magazine found one in 10 people ever cleaned their keyboard while another two in 10 never cleaned their mouse.
Almost half -- or 46 per cent -- cleaned their keyboard less than once a month.
To clear out bugs, the magazine recommends users unplug keyboards, turn them upside down and shake them.
小题1:The purpose of the passage is .
| A．tell us something about the keyboards. |
| B．warn people to clean the keyboards often. |
| C．tell us how to clean the keyboard |
| D．tell us the germs on keyboards |
| A．Think several times before eating beside your computer |
| B．Don’t drop foods onto the computer keyboard. |
| C．Don’t eat foods dropped onto the computer keyboard. |
| D．Be careful when you are eating by the computer. |
| A．Dropped crumbs and food encourages the growth of millions of bacteria. |
| B．Poor personal hygiene |
| C．Much dirt on the computer keyboard. |
| D．Dropped crumbs and food and Poor personal hygiene |
| A．An organization | B．a newspaper |
| C．a report | D．a magazine |
Depression(抑郁症) may occur in as many as 1 in 33 children.
Once a child has an episode(一段情节) of depression, he or she has a 50 percent chance of experiencing another episode in the next 5 years.
Suicide(自***) is the 6th leading cause of death for 5–to–15-year-olds.
If your child experiences 5 or more of these signs or symptoms(症状) for at least 2 weeks, he or she may be experiencing depression or another mental illness.
| Feeling——Does your child demonstrate: Sadness Emptiness Hopelessness Guilt Worthlessness Lack of enjoyment in everyday pleasures | Thinking ——Is your child having trouble: Concentrating Making decisions Completing schoolwork Maintaining grades Maintaining friendships |
| Physical problems—Does your child complain of : Headaches Stomachaches Lack of energy Sleeping problems ( too much or too little) Weight or appetite changes ( gain or loss) | Suicide risk--Does your child talk or think about: Suicide Death Other morbid （生病的）subjects |
| Behavior problems ——Is your child: Irritable Not wanting to go to school Wanting to be alone most of the time Having difficulty getting along with others Cutting classes or skipping school Dropping out of sports, hobbies or other activities Drinking alcohol or using drugs. | |
Treatment may include individual and family therapy(治疗), along with an antidepressant medication (抗抑郁药)
小题1:This article is particularly written for ____.
| A．parents | B．teachers | C．children | D．psychologists |
| A．The child is always in high mood. |
| B．The child always feels tired but sleeps only four hours a day. |
| C．The child hates to study. |
| D．The child can not concentrate on one thing for a long period. |
| A．may has trouble in thinking | B．may have suicide risk |
| C．may have behavior problems | D．may have physical problems |
| A．Ask for leave to accompany them at home. |
| B．Ask them to take antidepressant immediately. |
| C．Go to see the doctor. |
| D．Ask them to have a good rest. |
“Hongo inherited（继承）the title Monday after the death of the previous record holder, Maud Farris-Luse ,of Coldwater , Mich.,”the record-keeping company said on its website.Farris-Luse was 115 years and 56 days old then.
“Hongo, born on Sept .16,1887, was raised on a farm and counts drinking Japanese rice wine among her favorite things ─ along with black salt, pork ,sashimi（生鱼片）and green tea,”according to Guinness. “She also likes traditional Japanese dancing.”
“The key is not storing up stress,”said her 45-year-old grandson Tsuyoshi Kurauchi. “If you do that, you can eat or drink anything.”
“Hongo mothered seven children, more than 20 grandchildren, and even outlived her eldest daughter, who died two years ago while in her 90s,”according to Kurauchi, who described Hongo as a “warm, caring grandmother”.
She lived in a nursing home in Kagoshima, a city about 615 miles southwest of Tokyo on the island of Kyushu, which has reputation for record-breaking longevity among its residents.
Hongo was born in the nearby town of Isen, home to the late Shigechiyo Izumi, who also held the Guinness record as the world’s oldest person. He died in 1986 at the age of 120.
Recently , another Kyushu resident was regarded as the world’s oldest man. Retired silkworm farmer Yukichi Chuganji graduated into the spot on Jan . 4 with the death of his predecessor, Antonio Todde of Italy. Chuganji turns 113 on Saturday.
There are an estimated 15,000 Japanese over the age of 100, and women make up about 80 percent of the total.
小题1:The sentence “The key is not storing up stress.”in Paragraph 4 means “ ___________”.
| A．The most important is to mind everything that has been done. |
| B．The most important is to forget the unpleasant things. |
| C．The most important is to reduce the heavy load of learning and work. |
| D．The most important is to remember what brings you unhappiness. |
| A．Maud Farris-Luse. | B．Shigechiyo Izumi. |
| C．Yukichi Chuganji. | D．Kamato Hongo. |
| A．She is the world’s oldest person alive. |
| B．She loves drinking Japanese rice wine. |
| C．She is fond of traditional Japanese dancing. |
| D．She cares about everything that happens around her. |
| A．the fact that women are living longer than men |
| B．something about the Japanese oldest living lady |
| C．the fact that Kagoshima is famous for longevity |
| D．the secret of living longer |
From nail-biting to too much hand-washing, overeating and internet addiction（上瘾）,OCD is widespread in almost every workplace and countless home. “It is a relatively common form of anxiety,” says Dr. Mootee. “The main feature of OCD is the repetition of unwanted obsessive（过度的） thoughts such as worries that doors are left unlocked , gas or electrical appliances are left on.” In order to fight against the an esasy checking door locks and gas or electrical appliances.
Dr. Mootee says that repetitive washing, particularly of the hands, is the most common type of OCD. She has treated many patients who wash their hands up to 30 times a day. The technique Mootee uses to treat people with OCD is called cognitive-behavioral therapy（认知行为疗法）.“It is based on the general idea that people have the ability to change the way they think and behave,” says Mootee.
But when does a habit become a problem? “It’s personal,” says Mootee.“Everyone has something unusual, but if you can’t put up with it, then it’s a problem and you need to do something to change it.”Mootee says many people resist for treatment because they fear they are “crazy”. But as people become more knowledgeable about these problems they will go and get help. The only way to cure is to conquer
小题1:If a person suffers from OCD, be is likely to keep doing any of the following EXCEPT .
| A．chewing pens | B．hurting himself |
| C．sucking fingers | D．biting nails |
| A．reduces his/her anxiety by taking drugs |
| B．gets into unwanted habits to relieve stress |
| C．has unwanted thoughts about habits |
| D．has unwanted thoughts because of illness |
| A．everyone has something different |
| B．people can put up with their problems |
| C．people can change their way of thinking and action |
| D．people tend to repeat their obsessive actions |
| A．has to be an extraordinary person |
| B．must cure his illness by himself |
| C．must overcome many physical illnesses |
| D．should have a right attitude towards the problem |
Sadeh and his colleagues found an extra hour of sleep can make a big difference. The children who slept longer, although they woke up more frequently during the night, scored higher on tests, Sadeh reported in the March/April issue of journal Child Development.
“When the children slept longer, their sleep quality was somewhat weak, but in spite of this their performance for study improved because the extra sleep was more significant than the reduction in sleep quality. ” Sadeh said. “Some studies suggested that lack of sleep as a child affects development into adulthood and it’s more likely to develop their attention disorder when they grow older. ”
In earlier studies, Sadeh’s team found that fourth graders slept an average of 8. 2 hours and sixth graders slept an average of 7. 7 hours.
“Previous research has shown children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night on a regular basis, said Carl Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda, and high-school-age children need somewhat less, he said, adding the results of insufficient sleep could be serious.
“A tired child is an accident waiting to happen,” Hunt said. “And as kids get older, toys get bigger and the risks higher. ”Hunt also said too little sleep could result in learning and memory problems and long-term effects on school performance.
“This is an important extension of what we already know, ” Hunt said of Sadeh’s research, adding sleep is as important as nutrition(营养) and exercise to good health.
“To put it into reality,” Hunt said, “parents should make sure they know when their children actually are going to sleep and their rooms are conducive to sleeping instead of playing. ”
小题1:What is Child Development?
A A new story B A popular book
C. A periodical magazine D A TV programme
小题2:How many persons are exactly mentioned in the text?
A One B Two C Three D Four
小题3:The underlined phrase “conducive to” (in the last sentence) means ________.
A helping to happen B influenced by
C full of D acceptable of
小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
| A．There are some daily struggles between parents and children because of having nothing in common with extra rest time. |
| B．The children who sleep longer are weak in their study. |
| C．Lack of sleep as a child has great effect on their development into adulthood. |
| D．In general, children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night. |
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