题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
The study by the Stress Research Institute of Stockholm University followed 2,755 employed men who had not suffered any heart attacks. At the end of the study, 47 participants had either suffered an attack, or died from heart disease, and many of those had been found to be covertly coping with unfair treatment at work.
“After adjustment for age, socioeconomic factors, risk behaviors, job strain and biological risk factors at baseline, there was a close-response relationship between covert coping and the risk of incident death,” the study’s authors wrote.
Covert coping was listed as “letting thing pass without saying anything” and “going away” despite feelings of being hard done by colleagues or bosses. Men who often used these coping techniques had a two to five times higher risk of developing heart disease than those who were more confrontational (对抗性的) at work, the study showed.
The researchers said they could not answer the question of what might be a particularly healthy coping strategy at work, but listed open coping behavior when experiencing unfair treatment or facing a conflict as “protesting directly,” “talking to the person right away,” “yelling at the person right away” or “speaking to the person later when things have calmed down.” The study was published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.
小题1:The study mainly shows that .
| A．women are less likely to suffer a heart attack than men |
| B．most people die of heart disease caused by stress |
| C．covert coping may result in certain heart trouble |
| D．employers should treat their workers equally |
| A．The participants were all employed men. |
| B．The participants tend to bottle up their temper. |
| C．The participants should not have risk behaviors. |
| D．The participants had not a history of heart attacks. |
| A．just let it be |
| B．fight back immediately |
| C．go away silently |
| D．work even harder |
| A．that the study is official |
| B．what the healthiest coping strategy is |
| C．what the helpful ways of handling unfair treatment are |
| D．that confrontation is always beneficial to people’s heart health |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:C
解析
小题1:C细节理解题。结合文章第二段可知答案：不能正确处理工作中的不公正对待可能会导致某些心脏病。
小题2:D细节理解题。结合文章第二段可知参与实验的人在实验前没有的心脏病，而结束后或患病或死于心脏病；这点增加了实验的可信度。
小题3:B推理判断题。结合第四段可知a confrontational person是指受到不公正待遇时，不采取“letting thing pass without saying anything” and “going away”，而采取反击方式的人。
小题4:C细节理解题。最后一段主要是列举了些有效处理工作中的不公正对待的一些方法。
核心考点
试题【Everyone experiences stress at work, but how we cope with it varies. Feeling tha】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Have you ever walked into a room that had the smell of cigarette smoke, regardless of the fact that a fan was moving the air and no one was smoking at the time? This is what researchers are calling third-hand smoke — and it represents the poisonous deposits (存积物) that are left behind long after a cigarette is put out.
Cigarette smoke contains gases and small particles that are deposited on every surface it comes in contact with, for example, the smoker’s hair and clothing, or the environment the cigarette was smoked in. It’s dangerous for young children who may crawl on polluted surfaces. Third-hand smoke is a serious health risk for our kids, especially those who live in the homes of smokers.
Jonathan Winickoff, lead author of the study, explains, “When you come into contact with your baby, even if you’re not smoking at the time, he or she comes in contact with those poisons. And if you breast-feed, the poisons will transfer to your baby in your breast milk.” Winickoff adds however, that nursing a baby if you’re a smoker is still a better choice than bottle-feeding.
Researchers involved in the study also surveyed more than 1,500 families in an effort to learn about adult attitudes regarding the danger third-hand smoke represents to their children and how that might affect smoking in the home.
Approximately 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers believe that secondhand smoke is dangerous for children.
On the issue of whether third-hand smoke threatens the health of children, 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers felt that third-hand smoke harms kids. When asked about rules regarding smoking in the home, approximately 88 percent of nonsmokers said they don’t allow smoking, while only 27 percent of smokers forbid smoking in the home.
However, both non-smokers and smokers who felt that third-hand smoking was harmful to children’s health were more inclined to (倾向于) restrict smoking in their homes.
小题1:The study led by Jonathan Winickoff focused on _______.
| A．bad influences long after a cigarette is smoked |
| B．third-hand smoke and secondhand smoke |
| C．the bad effects of smoking on common people |
| D．the terrible smell of cigarette smoke |
| A．By telling results of a survey. |
| B．By giving statistics. |
| C．By making comparisons. |
| D．By giving an example. |
| A．keeping kids out of room when you smoke |
| B．cleaning the house to get rid of poisons |
| C．making yourself clean before contacting kids |
| D．trying to forbid smoking in home |
Try laughing for no reason at all. That’s how thousands of people start their day at Laughter Clubs around the world – and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.
The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr Madan Kataria. “Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr Kataria. “Everyone’s naturally good at laughing – it’s the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives.” There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over 1,300 worldwide.
Many doctors are also interested in the effects (效果) of laughter on our health. According to a 5 – year study in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.
So, what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest – I wasn’t interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha,” while looking at each other. However, our bodies can’t tell the difference between fake laughter and real laughter, so they still produce the same healthy effects.
Surprisingly, it works! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real – and some people just couldn’t stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed and comfortable I felt. So if you’re under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!
小题1:In which country was the first Laughter Club started?
| A．Britain. | B．America. | C．Australia. | D．India. |
| A．Surprised. | B．Pleased. | C．Nervous. | D．Stressful. |
| A．After a few minutes. | B．After a few hours. |
| C．After a few seconds. | D．After a few days. |
| A．Fake laughter and real laughter are both good for health. |
| B．40% of the people in Laughter Clubs are good friends. |
| C．Adults laugh more often than children in a day. |
| D．Laughing is the best way to prevent illness. |
When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and cause a block in it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus. Your temperature goes up and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells. You may feel very uncomfortable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.
Different people do different things to deal with colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to make themselves feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids. Other people take medicine to stop various symptoms (症状) of colds.
There is one interesting thing to note —some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it and kill it. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own. There is a joke, however, on taking medicine when you have a cold. It goes like this:
It takes about one week to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine, but it takes only seven days to get over a cold if you take medicine.
| Title | How Much You Know About the Common Cold |
| Introduction | ◆People catch a cold 61. in spring or fall. ◆A 62. of cold viruses exist everywhere. ◆It is hard to find a cure for each cold. |
| The symptoms of the common cold | ◆The body’s blood as well as its temperature 63. , causing a fever. ◆You will find that you have some difficulty 64. . ◆You have a runny nose, which makes you feel miserable. |
| Some 65. of dealing with the common cold | ◆Drinking chicken soup to help you 66. . ◆Taking hot baths and drinking warm 67. ________. ◆Taking some medicine. |
| 68. by some scientists | ◆Taking medicine when having a cold will do 69. to the body. ◆Taking medicine or not will take you one week to 70. the common cold. |
The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods. It says many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported processed foods.
Dr.Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization’s South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji.He says many of the imported products lack nutritional value.
Temu Waqanivalu said: “In some of the places, you’d be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is cheaper than a bottle of water. I think that represents the kind of offenvironment we’ve created that doesn’t really encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population.”
And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.
The WHO says more than 50 percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island countries. The rate is as high as 80 percent among women in the territory（领地）of American Samoa. Fiji had the lowest obesity rate at 30 percent.
In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries. The WHO estimates that about 40 percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.
Diabetes（糖尿病）rates are among the highest in the world. Forty-seven percent of the people in American Samoa have diabetes. So do 44 percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.
By comparison, the diabetes rate is 13 percent in the United States, a country that has its own problems with rising obesity.
Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the diets of Pacific islanders. Dr. Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts pressure on limited health resources and budgets.
小题1:The main reason why obesity rates are rising in many Pacific islanders is ________.
| A．the change of society |
| B．the change of eating habits |
| C．the change of life style |
| D．lack of exercise |
| A．cheap | B．popular | C．tasty | D．convenient to get |
| A．1 million. | B．4 million. | C．6 million. | D．10 million. |
| A．optimistic | B．steady | C．worrying | D．low |
So what is mental(心理的)health？Mental health is how we think，feel，and act in order to face life’s problems.
A young girl’s mental health affects her daily life and future. Like physical health，mental health is important at every stage of life. Caring for and protecting a young girl’s mental health is important to ensure that she grows up to become the best she can be.
Many children experience mental health problems that are painful and can be serious. Mental health problems affect at least one in every five young people at any given time. Unluckily，about two thirds of all young people with mental health problems are not getting the help they need. Mental health problems can lead to school failure，alcohol or other drug abuse(滥用)，family violence，or even suicide.
There are many signs that may point to a possible mental health problem in a child or teenager. If you are worried about a child or have any questions，look for help at once. Talk to your doctor，a school teacher，or other mental health experts who are trained to know whether your child has a mental health problem. You can also call 18007892647 for a list of warning signs.
小题1:What is implied in the first paragraph?
| A．More and more girls are committing suicide. |
| B．Boys are usually physically stronger than girls. |
| C．Girls are more likely to have mental health problems than boys. |
| D．Children in America are lacking in parental care. |
| A．mental health is more important than physical health |
| B．mental health is important no matter how old you are |
| C．people with mental health problems will never succeed |
| D．it’s easier for children to have mental health problems than adults |
| A．People who are sure they have mental health problems. |
| B．Children who have mental health problems and want help. |
| C．Parents who want to know whether their children are doing well at school. |
| D．Parents who want to know whether their children have mental health problems. |
| A．tell parents what to do if they find that their children have mental health problems |
| B．explain why so many children have mental health problems |
| C．tell people how bad it is to have mental health problems |
| D．ask parents to pay more attention to their children’s mental health |
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