Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more agile (敏捷的) and independent than their peers over time, according to a Japanese study that covered thousands of people.
Green tea contains antioxidant chemicals (抗氧化物) that may help stop the cell damage that can lead to disease. Researchers have been studying green tea’s effect on everything from cholesterol (胆固醇) to the risk of certain cancers, with mixed results so far.
They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”, or problems with daily activities or basic needs, such as dressing or bathing.
Specifically, almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became functionally disabled, compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups a day.
The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older. Green-tea lovers generally had healthier diets, including more fish, vegetables and fruit, as well as more education, lower smoking rates, fewer heart attacks and strokes, and greater mental sharpness. They also tended to be more socially active and have more friends and family to rely on. But even with those factors accounted for, green tea itself was tied to a lower disability risk, the researchers said.
People who drank at least five cups a day were one-third less likely to develop disabilities than those who had less than a cup per day. Those people who averaged three or four cups a day had a 25 percent lower risk.
Although it’s not clear how green tea might offer a buffer (缓冲) against disability, Tomata’s team did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts, they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K, which means it could affect drugs that prevent blood clotting (凝固).
小题1:What can be learned from the passage?| A．Antioxidant chemicals can lead to disease. | | B．Those who often drank green tea can’t develop “functional disability”. | | C．“Functional disability” is related to problems with daily activities or basic needs. | | D．People who drank at least five cups a day are not likely to become functionally disabled. |
小题2:What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?| A．How the study was proved. | B．Why green tea-lovers can keep agile. | | C．What healthier diets include. | D．How to lower disability risk. |
小题3:What have the Researchers discovered?| A．Those who drank green tea can"t develop “functional disability”. | | B．Green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older. | | C．How green tea might offer a buffer against disability. | | D．Green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women. |
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小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:D |
试题分析：本文向大家介绍了绿茶能够延缓衰老，在文章中分析了具体的原因。
小题1:C 推理题。根据文章第三段They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”, or problems with daily activities or basic needs, such as dressing or bathing.生命“functional disability”是与daily activities or basic needs有关的。故C正确。
小题2:B 段落大意题。根据本段2，3,4行Green-tea lovers generally had healthier diets, including more fish, vegetables and fruit, as well as more education, lower smoking rates, fewer heart attacks and strokes, and greater mental sharpness.说明被动本段正是解释为什么绿茶能够延缓衰老的原因。故B正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段最后2行Tomata’s team did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.说明D项内容与之相符，故D正确。
点评：本文向大家介绍了绿茶能够延缓衰老。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。 |
核心考点
试题【Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more agile (敏捷的) and indep】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Up to 90% of school leavers in major Asian cities are suffering from myopia ---short-sightedness, a study suggests. Researchers say the "extraordinary rise" in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.
Eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. It is often caused by an elongation（拉伸） of the eyeball that happens when people are young. According to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factors - a commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.
Professor Morgan who led this study argues that many children in South East Asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. This in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.
Cultural factors also seem to play a part. Across many parts of South East Asia, children often have a lunchtime nap. According to Professor Morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.
A big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. One in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍) and even blindness. These people are at considerable risk—sometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses—they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.
For decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. But this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn’t fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don’t change in two generations. Whether it’s a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesn’t matter, the thing that’s changed is not the gene pool---it’s the environment.”
小题1:As is mentioned above, which factor mainly results in students’ myopia in South East Asia?| A．Genetic faults of the people. | B．Elongation of the eyeball. | | C．The shortage of outdoor light. | D．Lack of research into the problem. |
小题2:Which of the following statements do you think agrees with Professor Morgan?| A．A lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia. | | B．Glasses keep myopia from getting even worse. | | C．It’s necessary to treat myopia with an operation. | | D．It’s of vital importance to reduce educational pressure. |
小题3:What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?| A．Gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem. | | B．The environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia. | | C．Short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools. | | D．An environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts. |
小题4:What’s the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?| A．Equip the classroom with better lights. | | B．Look at the sun from time to time. | | C．Do eyes exercise regularly. | | D．Spend more time in the open air. |
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Children brought up on healthy diets are more intelligent compared with their junk food eating partners, a new research suggests．
Kids fed a diet packed high in fats, sugars, and processed（加工） foods had lower IQs than those fed pasta（意大利面食）, salads and fruit, it was found．
The effect is so great that researchers from the University of Bristol said those children with a "healthier" diet may get an IQ improvement．
Scientists stressed good diet was essential in a child"s early life as the brain grows at its fastest rate during the first three years of life．
This indicated head growth at this time is linked to intellectual ability and “it is possible that good nutrition（营养） during this period may encourage excellent brain growth” ．
Scientists tracked the long term health and happiness of around 14,000 children born in 1991 and 1992 as part of the West Country"s Avon Longitudinal（纵向的）Study of Parents and Children （ ALSPAC） ．
Parents were questioned about the types and frequency of the food and drink their children consumed when they were three, four, seven and eight and a half years old． According to their different changing form, these children were marked and given grades which ranged from minus two for the most healthy to10 for the most unhealthy．
In the research, IQ was measured of 4,000 children when they were eight and half years old, using a validated（经过认证的）test－the Wechsler Intelligence Scale（韦氏儿童智力量表） for Children．
The results found after taking account of some influential factors, a leading processed food diet at the age of three was associated with a lower IQ at the age of eight and a half , whether the diet was improved after that age．
Every l point increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a l.67 fall in IQ．
小题1:Scientists stressed good diet was essential in a child’s early life because .| A．the brain grows at its fastest rate during the first three years of life． | | B．those children with a "healthier" diet must get an IQ improvement． | | C．children brought up on healthy diets are less intelligent． | | D．these children were given good grades． |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT true?| A．Those children with a "healthier" diet may get an IQ improvement． | | B．Good nutrition at any stage may encourage excellent brain growth． | | C．Scientists tracked the long term health and happiness of about 14,000 children． | | D．Every l point increase in dietary pattern score was associated with a l．67 fall in IQ． |
小题3:The results found if a child ate a leading processed food diet when he was 3, he would ．| A．have a higher IQ | | B．have a higher IQ as long as he improved his diet | | C．have one IQ when he was 8 | | D．have a lower IQ whether he improved his diet |
小题4:What is the best title of the passage?| A．Food for thought | | B．What is healthy food? | | C．Healthy diet improves children"s intelligence | | D．How to become clever? |
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We all know that if we want to keep our body in good shape we have to do physical exercise regularly as well as be careful with what we eat. What we tend to forget is that this goes for our eyes as well. Medical science confirms that a diet rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素) can help maintain good vision(维持好视力) and prevent against a number of eye diseases. Here"s some advice about how to choose the right diet to keep your eyes healthy.
— Eat orange food. Fruits and vegetables with orange flesh are rich in carotenoids. In addition to carrots，oranges，pumpkins and sweet potatoes are also available. All of these contain high levels of carotenoids，which help to maintain good vision.
— Include dark green vegetables，such as spinach (菠菜) and broccoli (西兰花) in your diet, to act as natural sunglasses. Recent scientific studies have shown that these vegetables can help block (阻挡) the damaging UV radiation(紫外线辐射)from the sun"s rays.
— Prevent some eye diseases with orange juice, yellow corn, whole milk, nuts and leafy vegetables. These foods are good sources of vitamins A, C, D and E. All of these are necessary to good eye health.
— Increase your intake of omega3 with some sea fish, and some other seafood. Omega3 helps build cell walls and is especially beneficial to keeping eyes healthy .It also helps regulate the eye"s internal pressure and helps the eye dry up excess fluid.
小题1:We can learn from the first paragraph that healthy food .| A．keeps eyes healthy | | B．means you don"t need exercise | | C．can help cure eye diseases efficiently(有效地) | | D．means people don"t have to wear glasses |
小题2:Why should people eat orange food according to the text？| A．It is beneficial to building cell walls in eyes. | | B．It is more delicious than other food. | | C．It is good for eyesight. | | D．It is rich in various vitamins. |
小题3:Which of the following can help block the damaging UV radiation from the sun"s rays？| A．Pumpkins. | B．Juice. | C．Nuts. | D．Broccoli. |
小题4:The purpose of the text is to tell people how to .| A．keep their body in good shape | | B．choose a healthy diet for their eyes | | C．prevent serious eye diseases | | D．get natural sunglasses from food |
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Ann Whimey, a sophomore(大学二年级学生) at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn"t think of the answer."
The young student was experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the great nervousness. though poor scores are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes low scores. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.
Special university counseling(咨询) courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the test shows their anxiety is high, the students can take courses to help them deal with their nervousness. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease, learn information, then come out without difficulty in a test.
An expert at the University of California explains, "With almost all students, relaxation is felt after taking our program. Most of them have better control during their test. Almost all have some improvements. For some, the improvement is very great.
小题1:The title of the passage should be | A．Tests at college | | B．Anxiety and Tests | | C．How to Get Rid of Anxiety | | D．Counseling Courses Help Students |
小题2:According to this passage, we mainly find poor scores may result from | A．laziness | B．sleeplessness | | C．nervousness | D．poor study habits |
小题3:In order to get rid of test anxiety, students should | A．take tests to measure their anxiety | | B．take counseling courses to help themselves | | C．let their minds work at ease | | D．learn to control their nervousness |
小题4:According to the counselor at the University of California, the program is | A．successful | | B．ineffective | | C．of great help to all | | D．worth showing off |
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完型填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
Sports and 1 do a lot of good to our health. They can make us strong, 2 us from getting too fat, and keep 3 and fit. 4 they can be of great value to people 5 work with their brains most of the day, for sports and games give people 6 practice in exercising the body. 7 , they make our life richer and 8 colorful. If we 9 have a strong body, we will find it hard to do 10 we want. 11 persons of all ages enjoy watching and 12 various kinds of sports——track and fields, swimming, skating, 13 , volleyball and basketball, etc. Sports and games are also very useful in 14 training. They demand not only 15 skills and strength but also courage, endurance (忍耐力), discipline (纪律性) and usually teamwork. For boys and girls, what is learned in the playground often has a deep 16 on their character. 17 each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will later find 18 natural to work for the good of his country 19 only for his own benefit. A healthy 20 makes a strong country. Let’s all take part in sports and games.
| 小题1: | | A．music | B．art | C．games | D．entertainment |
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| 小题2: | | A．prevent | B．protect | C．admit | D．contain |
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| 小题3: | | A．upset | B．healthy | C．foolish | D．calm |
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| 小题4: | | A．Firstly | B．Personally | C．Specially | D．Especially |
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| 小题5: | | A．where | B．which | C．that | D．who |
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| 小题6: | | A．value | B．valuable | C．worth | D．valueless |
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| 小题7: | | A．What’s more | B．In general | C．After all | D．In time |
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| 小题8: | | A．less | B．more | C．most | D．least |
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| 小题10: | | A．who | B．whatever | C．which | D．whichever |
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| 小题12: | | A．carrying on | B．taking part in | C．joining | D．adding up |
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| 小题13: | | A．football | B．play | C．video | D．film |
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| 小题14: | | A．look | B．character | C．appearance | D．expression |
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| 小题15: | | A．spiritual | B．material | C．mental | D．physical |
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| 小题16: | | A．affect | B．effect | C．trouble | D．doubt |
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| 小题17: | | A．when | B．as if | C．because | D．if |
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| 小题19: | | A．Apart from | B．Instead | C．Because of | D．Instead of |
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| 小题20: | | A．student | B．doctor | C．citizen | D．teacher |
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