题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
While it may come as no surprise that genes may help explain 2 some people have many friends and others have 3 , the researchers said, their findings go just a little farther than that.
"Some of the things we find are 4 uncommon," said Nicholas Christakis of Harvard University in Massachusetts, who helped 5 the study.
"We find that how interconnected your friends are 6 on your genes. Some people have four friends who know each other and some people have four friends who don"t 7 each other. 8 Dick and Harry know each other depends on Tom"s 9 ," Christakis said in a telephone interview.
Christakis and colleague James Fowler of the University of California San Diego are 10 known for their studies that show obesity, smoking and happiness spread in networks.
For this study, they and Christopher Dawes of UCSD used national data that 11 more than 1,000 identical(同卵的) and fraternal(异卵的) twins’ genes. Because 12 share an environment, these studies are good for showing the impact that genes have 13 various things, because identical twins 14 all their genes while fraternal twins share just half.
"We found there appears to be a genetic tendency to introduce your friends 15 each other," Christakis said.
There could be good, evolutionary reasons 16 this. People in the middle of a social network could be secret to useful gossip, 17 the location of food or good investment choices.
But they would also be at risk of catching effects from all sides -- in which case the advantage would 18 more cautious social behavior, they wrote in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
"It may be that natural selection is 19 not just things like whether or not we can resist the common cold, but also who it is that we are going to come into 20 with," Fowler said in a statement.
( ) 1. A. role B. rule C. roll D. pole
( ) 2. A. where B. why C. when D. how
( ) 3. A. a few B. several C. few D. some
( ) 4. A. generally B. mainly C. mostly D. frankly
( ) 5. A. conduct B. introduce C. conflict D. instruct
( ) 6. A. depends B. bases C. take D. put
( ) 7. A. see B. inspect C. learn D. know
( ) 8. A. When B. Where C. What D. Whether
( ) 9. A. genes B. brains C. appearances D. figures
( ) 10. A. much B. best C. very D. least
( ) 11. A. recorded B. illustratedC. described D. compared
( ) 12. A. brothers B. sisters C. twins D. cousins
( ) 13. A. with B. on C. for D. to
( ) 14. A. share B. have C. own D. show
( ) 15. A. into B. to C. in D. from
( ) 16. A. for B. with C. to D. at
( ) 17. A. in addition toB. due to C. as for D. such as
( ) 18. A. lie on B. bring in C. lie in D. send in
( ) 19. A. acting on B. putting onC. relying on D. sending on
( ) 20. A. contract B. face C. join D. contact
答案
解析
1. A你的基因及进化过程可能在这一问题上起着重要的作用(也就是A项)。BCD三项依次分别表示的意思是:规则,卷,棒杆,语意上都不适合。
2. B研究人员称,用基因解释为什么(也即是:why)有些人朋友众多而有些人却寡朋少友其实并不新鲜。ACD项依次表示:在哪儿,在什么时候,哪一个,语意和逻辑上与语境不符。
3. C根据上一题的分析,此空应表示“没有”之意,即是:few,ABD三项都表的确“有”。
4. D研究人员这儿是说他们发现的一些现象的确很奇怪。“的确”就是“确实”,就是“说实话”,也即是“坦诚地”(frankly),ABC三项依次分别表示:大体上地,主要地,大部分地,这些都不和语意相契合。
5. A来自马萨诸塞州哈佛大学的Nicholas Christakis协助开展该研究。这里的“开展”研究,就是“做”研究,A项的conduct:做,实施,非常合适,而BCD三项的意思依次是:介绍,冲突,生产。
6. A我们发现一个人朋友之间的亲密程度取决于这个人的基因,“取决于”: depends。 BCD各项加上on之后的意思是:基础是,呈现,穿上,都不能和语境契合。
7. D结合语境:有的人有四个朋友而且互相认识;而有的人有四个朋友,但他们却素不相识(即是know)。ABC三项分别表示:看到,检查,学会。
8. D迪克和哈利是否(就是whether)互相认识是取决于汤姆的基因。ABC三项中的“何时,何地,什么”都与逻辑不搭配。
9. A由上面的分析我们得知全文都是讲的“基因”,故这儿就填A项genes(gene的复数形式),而不是BCD三项分别依次表示的意思:大脑,外貌,形象。
10.B Christakis和他的同事、来自加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的James Fowler此前以研究肥胖、吸烟以及快乐会在朋友之间传播而十分著名,可以确定CD两项错,因为它们表是否定含义:较不,最不;而这里有没有和那些人“比起来”之意,所以A项的better也错了。这里只是用形容词的最高级形式表示“很,非常,极其”来修饰known(出名)。故B项正确。
11.D Christopher Dawes of UCSD使用了一项全国性数据,这项数据对1000多对同卵及异卵双胞胎的基因进行了对比。因为是数据(data)所以最令人迷惑的是A项recorded(记录),但是是两类基因,所以比较合理的逻辑应该是compared(比较)。BC两项所表示的意思分别依次是:举例证明,形容描绘,与上面的语境不契合。
12.C由于双胞胎生活在同一个环境,而且同卵双胞胎的基因完全相同,而异卵双胞胎有一半的基因相同,所以这些研究有助于发现基因对人各个方面的影响。再加上上文就说是“双胞胎”(twins)。ABD项的意思以此事:兄弟,姐妹,堂兄妹,都不合乎语境。
13.B 由上一题的解析我们知道:that genes have 13 various things,是定语从句修饰impact(影响),而have an impact on是个固定词组,意思是:对……有影响。ACD依次表示:和,为了,对于,它们都与impact不搭配。
14.A由第12题的分析我们得知此空填上表示“有完全相同”的基因,这四个词中表示这个意思的只有share(分享,共同拥有)和这个语境相吻合,其余BCD三项表示的:有,拥有,说明之意都不合乎逻辑。
15.B我们发现人们在介绍朋友互相认识时有一个基因倾向性。“介绍朋友互相认识”用英语表示就是introduce……to……,也就是B项。Introduce与into, in, from都不是合理的搭配。
16.A这种倾向性可以用合理的、进化方面的原因来解释。这儿是表示“…的原因”,也就是英语中用“reason for”来表示,而不是with, to, at。
17.D处于社交圈中的人们可能会对一些有用信息的保密,比如哪些地方有吃的,或者好的投资选择等等,这里是举例,也即是D项such as……例如,A项表示:还有,B项是:因为,C项:对于,与语境都不能合理的吻合。
18.C好处只有存在于社交活动谨慎的人中,表示“存在于”之意的动词短语,即是:C项:lie in,ABD三项分别表示:坚持,引进,派人去请。无论意义还是逻辑上都不合适。
19.A可能自然选择对我们接触什么样的人也有影响。”我们得知此空要填上表示“有影响”之意的动词短语,就是act on,acting只不过是现在分词形式。BCD三项各自表示:穿上,依赖,(向前)传递或转发,和上面的语境不相契合。
20.D由上一题的语境我们知道,此空需要填上表示“接触联系”之意的名词,也即是D项:contact,其余BCD三项虽然都和with搭配,但都不是“接触联系”之意,它们分别依次表示:订合同,面对,连接。
核心考点
试题【Are you a social butterfly, or do you prefer being at the edge of a group of fri】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Your speech probably won"t be as long-remembered, 2 you can still strive to give your audience the best speech possible by 3 these simple tips:
Write and rewrite the material in your speech until it sounds exactly right to your own ears. Don"t use words that are hard to 4 . Avoid technical 5 or keep them to a minimum whenever possible.
Remember to use descriptive phrases so your listeners can get a mental picture in their 6 of what you are talking about. People don"t want to be told, they want to be given a 7 picture so they can better understand your words.
Avoid using a lot of statistics that will put your audience asleep in their seats. Keep necessary 8 in your speech to a minimum amount.
Humor can be an effective way to 9 your audience, Humor can also effectively lessen 10 , especially yours. You can use short jokes or personal anecdotes for this purpose. Just make sure your humorous material is appropriate for the audience you are 11 to.
Your speech will probably either inform or 12 your listeners to take action in order to help a charitable organization, etc. Be sure to include localized information in your speech that meet your audience"s specific needs.
Read your speech out loud several times to hear how it will sound to your audience. Practice giving your speech in front of a mirror. That way you can see 13 you are going to look to the audience. This technique can help you 14 and feel more comfortable.
Make sure to speak a little louder than 15 conversation when you are giving your speech so that you can be easily heard by the entire 16 , not just the first few rows.
When you are giving your speech to your listeners, remember to 17 your speech down a little bit and don"t rush through the words.
You can arrange to have helpful visual aids 18 before, during, or right after the end of your speech. This way the audience will have written information they can take home with them and 19 later.
Remember to be an appreciative speaker and to 20 the person or persons who asked you to give the speech. Also remember to thank the audience for listening.
( ) 1. A. continued B. lasted C. broadcast D. went
( ) 2. A. but B. though C. and D. therefore
( ) 3. A. accepting B. following C. copying D. remembering
( ) 4. A. pronounce B. understand C. learn D. listen
( ) 5. A. sentences B. terms C. pronunciations D. meanings
( ) 6. A. minds B. notes C. words D. tapes
( ) 7. A. intellectual B. physical C. mental D. visual
( ) 8. A. information B. terms C. statistics D. words
( ) 9. A. amuse B. control C. persuade D. drive
( ) 10.A. attention B. terror C. sorrow D. tension
( ) 11. A. speaking B. referring C. leading D. owing
( ) 12. A. help B. persuade C. force D. trap
( ) 13. A. what B. how C. why D. where
( ) 14.A. sleep B. rest C. comfort D. relax
( ) 15. A. normal B. later C. previous D. intentional
( ) 16. A. speeches B. actors C. friends D. audience
( ) 17. A. slow B. speed C. stop D. burn
( ) 18. A. checked out B. passed out C. brought out D. left out
( ) 19. A. sell B. review C. throw D. mail
( ) 20. A. thank B. find C. teach D. assist
The program allows users to display alerts on the missing computer’s screen and even to set a spoken message. Tracking software for stolen laptops has been on the market for some time, but this is thought to be the first that allows owners to give the thief a piece of their mind.
Owners must report their laptop missing by visiting a website, which sends a message to the model: a red and yellow “lost or stolen” sign appears on its screen when it is started. Under the latest version(版本)of the software, users can also send a spoken message.
The message can be set to reappear every 30 seconds, no matter how many times the thief closes it.” One customer sent a message saying,’ You are being tracked. I am right at your door’,” said Carrie Hafeman, chief executive of the company which produces the program, Retriever.
In the latest version, people can add a spoken message. For example, the laptop’s speakers will say: “Help, this laptop is reported lost or stolen. If you are not my owner, report me now.”
The Retriever software package, which costs $29.95 but has a free trial period, has the functions of many security software programs .Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.
If a thief accesses the internet with the stolen laptop, Retriever will collect information on the internet service provider in use, so that the police can be alerted to its location.
Thousands of laptops are stolen every year form homes and offices, but with the use of laptops increasing, the number stolen while their owners are out and about has been rising sharply.
Other security software allows users to erase data remotely or lock down the computer.
小题1:The expression “to give the thief a piece of their mind “can be understood as “_______”
A.to give the thief an alert mind |
B.to express the owners’ anger to the thief |
C.to remind the thief of this conscience |
D.to make the thief give up his mind |
A.record the stealing process | B.help recognize the lost laptop |
C.lock down the computer remotely | D.send a spoken message |
A.change some access details for switching on the laptop |
B.turn on the laptop by using the original password |
C.operate the laptop by means of and alternative password |
D.erase the information kept in the stolen laptop |
A.With no Retriever, thousands of laptops are stolen every year. |
B.A new soft ware provides a means to reduce laptop theft. |
C.Retriever has helped to find thieves and lost computers. |
D.A new program offers a communication platform with the thief. |
When you hear a person’s name,repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.
Ask the other person to recite and repeat.
You can let other people help you remember their names. After you’ve been introduced to someone,ask that person to spell the name mad pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you’re making to learn their names.
Admit you don’t know.
Admitting that you can’t remember someone’s name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympathy if you say. “I’m working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?”
Use associations.
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example,you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng -- tall, black hair. " To reinforce you’re your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That"s fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others—an automatic review for you.
小题1:How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?
A.They will be moved. | B.They will be annoyed. |
C.They will be delighted. | D.They will be discouraged. |
A.tell him the truth | B.tell him a white lie |
C.ask him for pity | D.ask others to help you |
A.all their names | B.a couple of names first |
C.just their last names | D.as many names as possible |
A.Tips on an important social skill. | B.Importance of attending parties. |
C.How to make use of associations. | D.How to recite and repeat names. |
The idea came from Peter Omidyar, who was born in Paris and moved to Washington when he was still a child, At high school, be became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tuft University in 1988, He worked for the next few years as a computer engineer. In his free time he started Bay as a kind of hobby, at first offering the service free by word of mouth. By 1996 there was so much traffic on the website that he had to upgrade(升级) and he began charging a fee to members. Joined by a friend, Peter Skill. and in 1998 by his capable CEO, Meg Whitman, he has never looked back. . Even in the great. com crashes of the late 1990s,abay has gone from strength to strength ,. It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping websites on the Internet
eBay sells connections, not goods, putting buyer and seller into contact with each other. All you have to do is lake an e-photo, write a description, fill out a sales form and you are in business: the world is your market place. Of course for each item (商品)sold eBay gets a percentage and that is great deal of money. Every day there are more than sixteen million items listed on eBay and eighty percent of the items are sold.
小题1:We learn from the text that eBay provides people with__
A.a way of buying and selling goods |
B.a website for them to upgrade |
C.a place to exhibit their own photos |
D.a chance to buy things at low prices |
A.For fun |
B.To make money |
C.For gathering the engineers |
D.To fulfill a task of his company |
A.did not feel lonely |
B.was always hopeful |
C.did not think about the past |
D.became more and more successful |
A.By bringing callers together. |
B.By charging for each sale |
C.By listing items online |
D.By making e-photos. |
1 Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.
● Location (位置)
2 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suite for regular study. since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at band without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.
● Keeping Things in Order
Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect
3 The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.
● 4 Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 5 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family
A.Attitude Is Everything. |
B.Bring Organization into Your Home. |
C.Here are several ways to choose a location. |
D.Building a Good Home Learning Environment. |
F. Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.
G. A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every corner of his life.
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