Science can’t explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.
Any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people ---half of them pet owners ---while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more relaxed (放松)around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge.
A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about I1 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall---mostly with their dogs --- and found it worth doing.
小题1:What does the text mainly discuss?| A．What pets bring to their owners. | | B．How pets help people calm down. | | C．People’s opinions of keeping pets. | | D．Pet’s value in medical research. |
小题2:We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if _____.| A．he has a pet companion | | B．he has less stress of work | | C．he often does mental arithmetic | | D．he is taken care of by his family |
小题3:According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?| A．They have lower blood pressure. | | B．They become more patient. | | C．They are less nervous. | | D．They are in higher spirits. |
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小题1:A
小题2:A
小题3:C |
小题1:A 从文章第一段“Science can’t explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.”可看出宠物给主人带来的好处。
小题2:A 从“the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.”可看出是在宠物的陪伴下
小题3:C 从第二段“With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more relaxed (放松)around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge.”可看出答案 |
核心考点
试题【Science can’t explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the co】；主要考察你对
题材分类等知识点的理解。
[详细]举一反三
Wind , water, fire and ice-these powerful natural forces have shaped the land of America in the past. They are still changing it today.
The Colorado River slowly cut down through stone to make the Grand Canyon(大峡谷).
Long ago, ice sheets cut Yosemite Valley and the Great Lakes, and glaciers(冰川) are still on the move in Alaska.
Wind and rain storm hit the land from time to time. Fires sometimes burn down forests and destroy the homes of wild animals. This happened in Yellowstone Park in 1988.
Dead volcanic mountains such as Haleakala on Maui and Carter Lakein Oregon are beautiful to look at. But there are several active volcanoes in the US, especially along the Pacific Coast. There are also many earthquakes in this area. Scientists can do nothing to control earthquakes or volcanoes. This was shown clearly on May 18, 1980. At 8:32 that morning, Mount St Helens in Washington state broke out. The top of the mountain was blown off.
Over 60 people –campers, scientists, journalists, forest workers—were killed. Hundreds of square miles of forests were knocked down. In towns over 100 miles away, day suddenly became night. An ash cloud hid the sun for many hours. Towns and fields in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho were covered with dirty gray ash.
Scientists knew that Mt St Helens might erupt(爆发) soon. But no one could say when. And no one expected the terrible strength of the eruption. Many people were surprised and unready. Harry R. Truman, 84, owned a small hotel in Mt St Helens. Scientists had asked people to move away because the volcano was becoming dangerous.
But Harry Truman would not leave his home. Now it is covered with many feet of dirty ash. A small cross stands above the place where Harry probably died. Perhaps it is better that he did not see the destruction of Mt St Helens, the once beautiful lake, and the forests.
But slowly, life is returning to the dead area around the mountain. Grass and small plants are beginning to grow again. Deer and birds have been seen. The land will never be the same as it once was. Perhaps Mt St Helens will erupt again. But this is all part of nature’s pattern of change, and man has little power to control it.
小题1:Choose the best title for this passage. | A．Wind, water, fire and ice | | B．Volcano’s beauty and danger | | C．The power of nature | | D．Natural force shape beautiful land of America |
小题2:After the eruption of volcano, what makes the sky turn dark?| A．The smoke | B．The clouds. | C．The fog. | D．The ash. |
小题3:The underlined word “it” means______.| A．The body of old Harry | | B．The location of Harry’s home | | C．The opening on top of Mt St Helens | | D．The place where Harry probably died |
小题4:We can infer from this article that ______.| A．Washington and Oregon are neighboring states | | B．Colorado River runs through Yosemite Valley | | C．The eruption of Mt St Helens also caused trouble with the Yellowstone Park | | D．Scientists never knew Mt St Helens was active |
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Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the job’s wages, its holidays and its other benefits.
Job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.
Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing by contrast, is not designed to address the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities.
As would be expected, most job sharers are women. A survey carried out in 1988 by Britain’s Equal Opportunities Commission showed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence.
The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.
小题1:In what way is work sharing different from job sharing?| A．Work sharing requires more working hours. | | B．Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs. | | C．Work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary. | | D．Work sharing depends on the employer’s decision. |
小题2:According to paragraph4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional part-time work mainly because______.| A．they sought higher social status | | B．they were over ideal working ages | | C．they had difficulty finding full-time jobs | | D．they had to take care of both work and family |
小题3:In job sharing the partners should ______.| A．enjoy equal social status | | B．have similar work experience | | C．keep in touch with each other | | D．know each other very well |
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In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition（学会）of each new skill — the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is common that parents hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm（热情） for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; others are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality（准时）for meals. In general, the controls imposed（强加的）represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community（社区）as much as the child’s own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach（说教）, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
小题1:Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _____.| A．should be avoided | | B．is universal among parents | | C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child | | D．will make him lose interest in learning new things |
小题2: When children are learning new skills, parents should _____.| A．achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own | | B．not expect too much of them | | C．encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read | | D．create as many learning opportunities as possible |
小题3:The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.| A．parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone | | B．parental controls satisfy only the needs of the parents and the values of the community | | C．parents should be strict with their children | | D．parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation |
小题4:The underlined word “precept” （in Paragraph 3） probably means “_____”.| A．idea | B．punishment | C．instruction | D．behaviour |
小题5:In moral matters, parents should _____.| A．satisfy their children’s needs | | B．be aware of the marked difference between adults and children | | C．forbid things which have no foundation in morality | | D．observe（遵守，奉行） the rules themselves |
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There is a fine line between a parent who is active and open-minded and one that doesn’t know when to let go (放手). As my daughter, Nicole, prepares to leave home for college, I’m discovering how hard it is to stay on the 36 side of this line. When I hold 37 the apron strings (围裙带) connecting us, Nicole, eager to 38 independence, tries to loosen my grasp. What results is a (an) 39 mother-daughter, push-me, pull-you kind of tango.
For the past two years, it’s gone like this:
My question: “Have you thought of taking an advanced placement class (高阶课程) so that you can earn college credit?”
Nicole’s 40 : “No, I’m not interested in that.” ………
Two months ago, she was 41 to a great university. However, I was still the mother having a 42 time letting go. The night before the introductory meeting of the university, I had read the course catalog carefully and 43 courses which I thought looked good. We met on the campus the next afternoon, and Nicole’s face 44 with excitement. “I have had my entire schedule figured out,” she said. “Already?” I was astonished, 45 she should have discussed it with me. I examined the schedule. Nicole hadn’t taken a (an) 46 one of the courses I had suggested. Every course she had chosen 47 suited her interests. Just then I saw a mature, capable young woman with a 48 mind and the ability to shape her future. She no longer needed her mother’s 49 every decision she made. I felt proud, though still a bit 50 .
I 51 the lessons carefully. Nicole has struggled to learn over the past 18 years: 52 , sympathy, and hard work. There have been a few holes along the way. 53 , she is well-equipped and eager to 54 the future. The next step, I recognized, was mine to take: giving my daughter and myself the 55 we both needed.
| 小题1: | | A．left | B．right | C．either | D．each |
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| 小题3: | | A．keep | B．refuse | C．taste | D．bear |
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| 小题4: | | A．embarrassing | B．relaxing | C．lively | D．beautiful |
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| 小题5: | | A．comment | B．word | C．concept | D．response |
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| 小题6: | | A．received | B．invited | C．treated | D．accepted |
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| 小题7: | | A．good | B．great | C．hard | D．easy |
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| 小题8: | | A．taken | B．underlined | C．offered | D．emphasized |
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| 小题9: | | A．lit up | B．built up | C．turned up | D．made up |
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| 小题10: | | A．imagining | B．thinking | C．hoping | D．adding |
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| 小题11: | | A．only | B．just | C．even | D．single |
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| 小题12: | | A．mostly | B．hardly | C．exactly | D．slightly |
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| 小题13: | | A．sharp | B．normal | C．different | D．typical |
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| 小题14: | | A．encouraging | B．evaluating | C．disagreeing | D．agreeing |
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| 小题15: | | A．anxious | B．excited | C．sad | D．tense |
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| 小题16: | | A．reviewed | B．observed | C．checked | D．studied |
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| 小题17: | | A．ability | B．honesty | C．responsibility | D．punctuality |
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| 小题18: | | A．Therefore | B．Instead | C．Still | D．Besides |
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| 小题19: | | A．embrace | B．discover | C．determine | D．lead |
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| 小题20: | | A．character | B．strength | C．relief | D．independence |
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People know the dangers of fires. It’s good for a family to learn how to prepare for a fire. Here are some suggestions.
Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. The alarm makes a loud sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once.
Make escape (逃脱) plan. They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily.
Buy fire extinguishers(灭火器) in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them.
Practice for a fire. They do fire practice because they teach children about fire safety. Ever yone in the family should know the following fire rules:
＊ Don’t open a hot door! The fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
＊ Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than the fire. The best air is near the floor because smoke rises.
＊ What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, Stop! Don’t run! The fire burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a blanket(毯子) around you to keep air away from the fire that may still be on you..
There are many possible causes for fires. A wise family is ready all the time. If there is a fire, don’t forget to call 119 for help.
小题1:The writer advises people to do the following to prepare for a fire except that _______.| A．they prepare for a fire | B．they make escape plans | | C．they buy fire extinguishers | D．they use electrical cookers |
小题2:What are the right steps you should take when your hair or clothes catch fire?| A．Stop, run, roll . | B．Stop, drop, roll | | C．Run, drop, roll | D．Roll, drop, stop |
小题3:What is the best title for this passage?| A．The Dangers of a Fire | B．The Causes of a Fire | | C．Learn to Use a Fire Extinguishers | D．Be Ready For a Fire |
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