题目

题型：不详难度：来源：

Many women write to me perplexed(困惑的) about why they can"t form close friendships.They try new approaches，put themselves in all the right places，see therapists，and read relevant self­help books.They consider themselves interesting，loyal，kind，and friend­worthy people.But for reasons unknown to them，they have a tough time forming intimate relationships.Many admit to not having even one close friend.
A recent study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology offers some clues as to how both nature(personality) and nurture (experience) impact our friendships.Researchers at the University of Virginia and University of Toronto，Mississauga studied more than 7,000 American adults between the ages of 20 and 75 over a period of ten years，looking at the number of times these adults moved during childhood.Their study，like prior ones，showed a link between residential mobility and adult well­being：The more  times participants moved as children，the poorer the quality of their adult social relationships.
But digging deeper，the researchers found that personality—specifically being introverted (内向的) or extroverted (外向的)—could either intensify or buffer (缓冲) the effect of moving to a new town or neighborhood during childhood.The negative impact of more moves during childhood was far greater for introverts compared to extroverts.
“Moving a lot makes it difficult for people to maintain long­term close relationships，” stated Dr.Shigehiro Oishi，the first author of the study，in a press release from the American Psychological Association，“This might not be a serious problem for outgoing people who can make friends quickly and easily.Less outgoing people have a harder time making new friends.”
Families often have to relocate—across town，across the country，or across the globe.Yet，in many cases，their kids and young adolescents haven"t yet built up a bank of friendships.So the conventional wisdom is to try to minimize moves for the sake of your child，whenever possible，and to move at the end of the academic year.
小题1:The passage is written mainly to ________.

A．offer advice to women on how to form intimate relationships

B．explain how nature and nurture impact our friendships

C．explain how moves during childhood affect children

D．tell us how to help children make friends

小题2:Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph?

A．People who moved less during childhood have better social relationships.

B．The more people moved during childhood，the more friends they have.

C．The more people moved during childhood，the better they adjust to society.

D．There is no link between residential mobility and adult well­being.

小题3:In order for children to maintain long­term close relationships，parents ________.

A．should not relocate their homes

B．should relocate their homes within the town

C．had better move at the end of the school year

D．had better move when their children couldn"t build up a bank of friendships

小题4:We learn from the fourth paragraph that moves during childhood ________.

A．have a bigger impact on an introverted person compared to extroverts

B．have no impact on an outgoing person

C．are a big problem for both introverts and extroverts

D．help children better adapt to a new environment

小题5:We can infer from the passage that ________.

A．our friendships are mainly affected by our nurture

B．we can move when children have made a lot of friends

C．the impact of moves will disappear when one reaches adulthood

D．there is some way to minimize the impact of moves during childhood on children

答案

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:D

解析

　本文主要说明了人们的性格以及后天的经历对人们交友的影响。
小题1:解析　主旨大意题。从第二段第一句可知，这个研究主要表明性格以及后天的经历对人们交友的影响。C项是童年时代搬家如何对人们交友产生影响，仅仅是后天的经历，概括不全面，故可排除。答案　B
小题2:解析　细节理解题。从第二段最后一句可知，人们童年时搬家次数越多，成年后的社会关系就越糟，反推可知A项正确。答案　A
小题3:解析　细节理解题。从最后两段可知，为了孩子与伙伴能维持长期的亲密友谊，父母最好在学期末搬家。答案　C
小题4:解析　细节理解题。从第四段可知，搬家对性格外向的人的影响要小于对性格内向的人的影响。答案　A
小题5:解析　推理判断题。从最后一段最后一句可知，有办法减少搬家对孩子造成的负面影响。答案　D