题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Over the centuries,various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humor.Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感) theory,the idea that people laugh at the misfortune of others.Their theory seems to explain teasing,but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes.Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory,the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires.His theory works well for dirty jokes,less well for most puns.
The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory,the idea that humor arises when there’s a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens.Incongruity has a lot going for it — jokes with unexpected funny lines,for example,fit well.But scientists have found that in comedy,unexpectedness is overvalued.
With the goal of developing a new,more satisfactory explanation,I produced “the gentle violation(违背)theory”,the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatening,but is actually OK or safe.A dirty joke,for example,trades on moral or social violations,but it’s only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about.Similarly,puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense.
And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (挠痒痒),or just avoided the phenomenon altogether,my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter.Tickling involves violating someone’s physical space in a gentle way.People can’t tickle themselves — because it isn’t a violation.
小题1:What is the author’s attitude towards Plato and Aristotle’s theory?
A.Critical. | B.Approving | C.uncaring | D.Unclear |
A.people will laugh when they see others suffer |
B.telling dirty jokes is a relief of one’s nervous feelings ’ |
C.unexpectedness can explain how humor works |
D.tickling doesn’t involve psychological tension |
A.Because the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person. |
B.Because people have different expectations for the same thing. |
C.Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart. |
D.Because people’s understanding of violation is different. |
A.To draw people’s attention to the research of humor. |
B.To criticize people’s misconceptions about humor. |
C.To explain what exactly causes people to laugh. |
D.To prove the sense of humor can be developed. |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:C
解析
试题分析: 一个笑话会让有的人捧腹大笑,而有的人却没有反应,甚至会心生恼怒,为什么人们的反应会有所不同呢?作者认为这是由于人们的文化程度不同,理解程度不同,以及人们内心接受的程度不同决定的。在本文中作者对此现象进行了分析,提出了几种不同的理论。
小题1:A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容Their theory seems to explain teasing,but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes.…...His theory works well for dirty jokes,less well for most puns.可知作者对Plato and Aristotle的理论是持批判态度的,答案选A。
小题2:B。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory,the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires.His theory works well for dirty jokes,less well for most puns.可知根据他的理论可知下流的笑话反应了人内心的恐惧和渴望,故答案选B。
小题3:D。细节理解题。从文章第四段作者举的例子A dirty joke,for example,…..Similarly,puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense可以判断人们对笑话的不同反应是由人们的思想开放程度和文学素养决定的,换句话说也就是由一个人不同的理解认识程度决定的,故答案选D。
小题4:C。推理判断题。作者以设问的方式在文章开篇提出了几个问题,提出为什么人们对于笑话会有不同的反应,然后在下文提出了几个相关的理论进行解释,由此判断作者的写作目的就是解释什么会博得人们的笑声,故答案选C。
核心考点
试题【Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things,from puns (双关语) 】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
When he got married, Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job. He told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home in a smart black suit. He then changed into overalls and the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his . Alf"s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found job. He will soon be working in an office. He will earn much less than he used to, but he feels that his rise in is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him "Mr. Bloggs" "Alf".
小题1: |
|
小题2: |
|
小题3: |
|
小题4: |
|
小题5: |
|
小题6: |
|
小题7: |
|
小题8: |
|
小题9: |
|
小题10: |
|
The driver of the other car, who almost caused a big accident, started yelling bad words at us. My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy. And I mean he was friendly. So, I said, “Why did you just do that? This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital!” And this is when my taxi driver told me what I now call “The Law of the Garbage Truck. ”
Many people are like garbage (rubbish) trucks. They run around full of garbage, full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage piles up, they need a place to dump it. And if you let them, they’ll dump it on you. When someone wants to dump on you, don’t take it personally. You just smile, wave, wish them well, and move on. You’ll be happy with what you did.
I started thinking, how often do I let Garbage Trucks run right over me? And how often do I take their garbage and spread it to other people at work, at home, or on the streets? It was that day I said, “I’m not going to do anymore.”
Successful people do not let Garbage Trucks take over their day. What about you? If you let more garbage trucks pass you by, you’ll be happier. Life’s too short to wake up in the morning with regrets. So, Love the people who treat you right. Forget about the ones who don’t.
小题1:What happened one day when the author was taking a taxi?
A.The taxi almost hit another car. |
B.The taxi driver was injured. |
C.The author scolded the driver of the other car. |
D.The author learned a lesson from the driver of the garbage truck. |
A.He yelled back at the driver. |
B.He sent the driver to the hospital. |
C.He was friendly towards the driver. |
D.He dumped some garbage in front of his car. |
A.Many people like to drive garbage trucks. |
B.Many people dump garbage wherever they like. |
C.Many people are warm-hearted to make others happy. |
D.Many people tend to be very much depressed. |
A.The author used to have a lot of garbage trucks. |
B.The author used to complain a lot. |
C.The author used to have a lot of money. |
D.The author used to be a good manager. |
A.Ignore them and go on with our own work. |
B.Try our best to persuade them not to do that again. |
C.Tell them to dump the garbage in the right place. |
D.Take over their work and carry the garbage to somewhere else. |
Most of our stuff is made from heavy materials and metals. So part of the routine for us when we fly is getting stopped by security. Our jewelry sets off the alarms, and we’ve become accustomed to arriving early to go through private screenings. Most of the time, it’s not troublesome.
However, on our recent trip to a Paris trade show, we were stopped at security and asked to empty our bags. One of the agents walked over to another agent and they started whispering to each other. Both gentlemen came back, and one of them then told us that it seemed that we were carrying a very dangerous object.
My sister and I just said, “Huh?” Of course, we were a little concerned, thinking that maybe someone put something dangerous in one of our bags when we weren’t looking.
One of the agents then started to unpack our bags. I kept asking what he was looking for and then the object in question finally appeared. It was our Cosima necklace. It’s a piece of jewelry, with large, metal triangular spikes.
My sister and I looked at each other and breathed a huge sigh of relief. We started laughing and explained to the two male agents that it was just a necklace from our collection, not a weapon of mass destruction. They thought we were lying, and one agent kept repeating that he believed it was a weapon.
I tried to explain that we were jewelry designers going to a trade show, and this was simply a piece from our collection. But the agents didn’t buy it. Then a few women guards came over to assist. One of the women guards was holding an earring up to her ear and another was trying on a ring. Apparently, they liked our stuff.
It was only at this point that the male guards gave up. And I think they also got tired of listening to a bunch of women talk about jewelry. They let us through.
We took the names of the women agents and sent them a piece of jewelry when we got back to say thanks.
小题1:When the object in question finally appeared, the writer and her sister felt _______.
A.anxious | B.relieved | C.excited | D.frightened |
A.their suitcases were too heavy |
B.the agents wanted to play a joke on them |
C.they were suspected to carry dangerous objects |
D.the agents wanted to admire the jewelry inside the suitcases |
A.doubt | B.believe | C.purchase | D.understand |
A.persuade them to buy her jewelry later |
B.get help from them next time |
C.show them her talent in designing jewelry |
D.show them her gratitude for their assistance |
A.Someone put something dangerous in one of the writer’s bags. |
B.The male agents didn’t believe the writer at first. |
C.The female agents liked the jewelry. |
D.The writer is always travelling on business. |
Most people regard snake bites as a fatal misfortune, but not all bites are serious, and very few are fatal . Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with amateurs heroically, but mistakenly, trying do-it-yourself surgery and other unnecessary measures.
All snakes have small teeth, so it follows tha tall snakes can bite, but only te bite of the adder presents any danger. British snakes are shy animals and are far more frightened of you than you could possibly be of them. The adder will attack only if it feels threatened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally, or if you try to catch it or pick it up, which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming, it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close.
The effect of a bite varies considerably. It depends upon severa things, one of which is the boidy-wight of the person bitten. The bigger the person, the less harmful the bite is likely to be, which is why children suffer far more seriously from snake bites in Britain ,and thought these bites can make some pepe very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness.
小题1:What does the underlined phrase “ trodden on” probably mean?
A.Found out | B.Heard from | C.Stepped on. | D.Robbed of. |
A.In fertile fields in Scotland. |
B.On wild land throughout Britain. |
C.In many parts of Britain and Ireland. |
D.Everywhere in Britian except Scotland |
A.Catch the biting adder at onece. |
B.Don’t worry about the bitten person. |
C.Don’t try to treat the bite by yourself. |
D.Operate on the person as soon as possible. |
A.Poisonous Snakes | B.Adders in Britain |
C.Take Care oif Sake Bites | D.Protec Endangered Adders |
Honey Sweet Cake(Prep. Time: 12 mins.) Ingredients Strawberries in syrup(糖浆), 1 package(unfrozen) Heavy cream, 1 cup Corn flour, 2 tablespoons Process Mix the strawberries, cream and corn flour in a saucepan. Cook over medium heat for about 8~10 minutes, while constantly mixing until the mixture thickens. Remove from heat and refrigerate for two hours. Fill the frozen mixture in cake, and serve. |
Rosy Cake(Prep. Time: 10 mins.) Ingredients Sugar,cup Water, 1 cup Corn flour, 3 tablespoons Strawberries, 2~3 cups Process Take a large saucepan and mix all the ingredients. Cook until the mixture thickens over medium heat. Let it cool naturally and completely. Fill up your cake with the mixture, and serve. |
Triangle Sweet(Prep. Time: 15 mins.) Ingredients Sugar,cup Whipping cream,cup Unflavoured gelatin(明胶), 1 tablespoon Cold water, 2 tablespoons Boiled water, 3 tablespoons Strawberries crushed, 2 cups Process Add sugar to the crushed strawberries and set them aside. In cold water, soften gelatin, and once it is softened, add boiling water. Stir(搅动) until the gelatin dissolves(溶解).Add the dissolved gelatin mixture to the strawberries and let it cool. Now whip(搅打) the cream till it becomes stiff. When the strawberry mixture is of syrup thickness, add the whipped cream to it. Refrigerate until it sets. Fill it into your cake, and serve. |
Flaming Maple(Prep. Time: 10 mins.) Ingredients Fresh lemon juice, 1 tablespoons Honey, 2 tablespoons Maple syrup, 2 tablespoons Strawberries, ripe, 2 pints Process Make a fruit butter of half of the strawberries. Add honey, lemon juice, and maple syrup until it forms a smooth sauce. Add the remaining strawberries. Fill the mixture in the cake, and serve. |
A.Heavy cream. | B.Sugar syrup. |
C.Corn flour. | D.Strawberries. |
① Honey Sweet Cake ② Rosy Cake ③Triangle Sweet ④Flaming Maple
A.①② | B.②③ | C.①④ | D.②④ |
A.Triangle Sweet takes the longest time to prepare. |
B.Strawberries used in the recipes aren"t all fresh. |
C.Most strawberries are used when making a Rosy Cake. |
D.Honey Sweet Cake is the best choice for busy mothers. |
A.Only one. | B.Two. | C.Three. | D.Four. |
最新试题
- 1—What"s that? —It"s _____ eraser.[ ]A. a B
- 2在网上你的好友提出见面的要求,你的正确做法是[ ]A.立即同意B.坚决拒绝,不予理睬C.不随意答应见面,慎重对待
- 32009年11月11日,国家食品药品监督管理局举行新闻发布会,介绍了国家食品药品监督管理局为维护公众身体健康,严厉打击非
- 4物体做曲线运动的过程中,以下物理量一定会发生变化的是A.速度B.加速度C.动能D.合外力
- 5(本小题共12分)求值 :(1) ;(2).
- 6Look out! Don"t get too close to the house____ roof is under
- 7下面语句横线处依次填入的词语最恰当的一组是[ ] 在新一天来临的第一分钟,五星红旗—__________《义勇
- 8曲线y=x3+x+1在点(1,3)处的切线方程是______.
- 9下列关于纬线的说法,不正确的是:[ ]A.纬线指示东西方向B.纬线长度都相同C.纬线的形状是圆D.赤道是最长的纬
- 10阅读理解 Stubbornness can push an entrepreneur (企业家) to hold
热门考点
- 1下表是中国2010年上海世博会官方网站公布的5月某一周入园参观人数,则这一周入园参观人数的平均数是______万. 日期
- 2A、B、C、D、E代表5种元素。请填空:(1)A元素基态原子的最外层有3个未成对电子,次外层有2个电子,其元素符号为
- 3Passage 1The information Highway is the road that links comp
- 4国家大力推广食用加碘食盐,目的是为了预防A.佝偻病 B.大脖子病 c.糖尿病 D.核辐射
- 5调查统计,北京在所有申奥城市中享有最高程度的民众支持率,支持申奥的北京市民约有1.3×103万人,则该近似数中 [
- 6She doesn’t like Mr. Anderson, so she always avoids
- 7下列各句中,加点的成语使用不正确的一句是 ( )A 实现现代化是近代以来世界各国和各民族的共同课
- 8能够统一天下的秦始皇,造出一个举世闻名的长城去防御敌人,却不能制造导弹去攻击敌人。从哲学角度看,这是因为实践具有( )
- 9甲、乙、丙、丁是四个体积、形状相同而材料不同的实心球,把它们投入水中静止后情况如图所示,它们中受到浮力最小的是( )A
- 10现有两种给钱方式:一种方法是每天给你一元;第二种方式是第一天给你1分钱,第二天给你2分,第三天给你4分,第四天给你8分,