题目
题型：同步题难度：来源：
Kong Zi，also called Confucius(551479 B．C.)，and Socrates(469399 B．C.)lived only a
hundred years apart, and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece, but it is
interesting to look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas，
and how these ideas in turn，shaped their societies.
Neither philosopher lived in times of peace, though there were more wars in Greece than in China.
The Chinese states were very large and feudal, while the Greek citystates were small and urban.The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的)than Confucius.Unlike
Confucius, Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively.Thus，Socrates was able to be
more idealistic, focusing on issues like freedom，and knowledge for its own sake.Confucius, on the other hand, advised those in government service, and many of his students went on to government service.
Confucius suggested the Golden Rule as a principle for the conduct of life: “Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you.” He assumed that all men were equal at birth, though some had
more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on the
individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom.He believed that some had
more potential to develop their reason than others did.Like Confucius, he believed that the superior class
should rule the inferior(下层的) classes.
For Socrates, the family was of no importance, and the community of little concern.For Confucius,
however, the family was the centre of society, with family relations considered much more important than 
political relations.Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.
B．Confucius had much influence on Socrates" ideas．
C．The societies were influenced by the philosophers" ideas．
D．There were cultural exchanges between China and Greece．
B．the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class
C．the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom
D．people should not ask others to do what they did not want to
B．Potential．
C．Knowledge．
D．Community．
B．comparison and contrast
C．cause and effect
D．definition and classification
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解. Kong Zi，also called Confucius(551479 B．C.)，and Socrates(469399 B．C.】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Across the United States,there are several places where two independent towns grew together to
become one citybut kept both their names.
WinstonSalem is one of them.It"s a midsized city in what"s called the plateau(high land),between the
Atlantic Coast and the inland mountains in the state of North Carolina.The Winston part is a relatively new place,founded early this century.It"s home to the nation"s biggest openair tobacco market.
The giant R．J.Reynolds Tobacco Company"s headquarters is in WinstonSalem,and Winston is the
name of one of Reynolds" bestknown cigarette brands.Fastgrowing Winston soon surrounded the much
older town of Salem,so in 1913,people in the area voted to combine them into a single place.
From a historical and tourist point of view,Salem,or Old Salem,as it"s called today,is the interesting and unusual part of town.
Salem was founded in the 1700s by the Moravians.They spoke German,and their community was
religiously based,with single men and single women living apart in separate dormitories.The Moravians
greatly valued women"s work and brainpower.In fact,one of the nation"s oldest boarding schools for young womenthe Moravians" Salem Academy founded in 1772－is still in operation.
Over the years,Salem lost its Moravian character.That all changed,though,when a nonprofit group
began to rehabilitate the historic area.These days Old Salem is what"s called a living history museum,with
exhibits,music,and tours of 18thcentury houses,taverns and Moravian dormitory buildings just seven blocks from the tallest skyscraper in WinstonSalem.
The historic community is booming again.Just as R．J.Reynolds is taking in millions of dollars making
cigarettes across town,Old Salem is generating about D|S15 million a year in tourism revenue and
donations.
1. From the passage we can know that________.
A. WinstonSalem is the name of a city
B. Salem is home to the tobacco market
C. the city WinstonSalem has two names
D. Old Salem is the name of a tobacco brand
2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that________.
A. the two cities benefited each other
B. Salem developed faster than Winston
C. R.J.Reynolds Company has moved into Salem
D. the combination meets the wishes of the people
3. The city Salem is special for its________.
A. boarding school
B. lifestyle and tradition
C. respect for brainpower
D. religious belief
4. The underlined word "rehabilitate" in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to "________"．
A. reconstruct
B. evaluate
C. enlarge
D. decorate
5. What will probably be talked about in the following part?
A. Some other attractions in WinstonSalem.
B. How Winston makes profits from tourism.
C. Other examples of cities combined by two parts.
D. Something about the boarding school for women.
the street gradually took shape some 700 years ago.
Guozijian Street connects to the Lama Temple in the east. There are many sandalwood incense shops at the street entrance. The air is full of scent. Yet gradually, the scent of ancient books takes advantage as one explores further down the street and towards the Confucian Temple and Imperial College. The
Confucian Temple is where the worships to Confucius were attended during the Yuan, Ming and Qing
Dynasties (1271-1911). Gnarled cypress trees outside the gate create thick shade from the sun. On each
side of the gate stands a huge stone pole written in Mandarin and Mongolian ordering all horse riders, even the emperor, to get off their horses. The glazed yellow tiles on the roof show the temple"s past dignity.
Beside the Confucian Temple is the Imperial College, the highest educational institution during the Yuan,
Ming and Qing Dynasties, which was once the dream destination for ancient scholars. The neighboring
Guanshuyuan Hutong is no different than other Beijing hutongs, except for its unique colors. The royal red of the Imperial College wall is a stark contrast with the typical grey of common people"s residences.
Serenity is very common over Guozijian Street. The occasional noise aroused by visitors is quickly
absorbed by the quiet atmosphere. Even time slows down on this ancient street.
The leafy and green cypress trees along the street protect it from the bother of the busy city. These tall and silent plants add to the dignity and elegance of the street. Living houses still preserve the ancient and
attractive style of old Beijing, which is hardly seen elsewhere nowadays. Looking through the red gate
where the paint has already started to come off, one may find some older people sitting leisurely in the sun
in the courtyards. It seems that living next door to the sage (圣人) has brought them the wisdom to
dismiss all kinds of worries.
1. The 2nd paragraph mainly talks about _______.
A. the Lama Temple
B. the Confucian Temple
C. a sight of a street
D. a street of incense
2. The underlined word "serenity" in the 3rd paragraph roughly means _______.
A. being calm and peaceful
B. being silent
C. being still but noisy
D. being full of noise
3. It can be inferred from the 4th paragraph that Guozijian Street is _______ .
A. busy
B. relaxing
C. natural
D. noisy
4. The air in Guozijian is fragrant because _______ .
A. the shops give off a smell
B. incenses in the shop and ancient books give off lots of scent
C. there are many sandalwood trees there
D. there is the Confucian Temple
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The two huge marble poles were carved in two languages.
B. Guozijian Street is the same in colors as other Beijing hutongs.
C. Ancient scholars studied in the Confucian Temple and the Imperial College.
D. Ancient emperors ought to get off their horses at the gate of Guozijian Street
play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: international
contests encourag
e false national pride and lead to misunderstandin
g and hatred. There is probably 
some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that
sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the incident of tragedy involving murders
of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national
contests.
One country received its second-place medals with visible anger after the hockey final. There had
been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, as the losers disagreed with the final decisions. They
believed that one of their goals should have been allowed and that their opponents’ victory was unfair.
Their manager was in great anger when he said: “This isn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the
suspension(停赛) of the team for at least three years.
The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a
disputable(有争议的) end to their contest. The game had ended in disorder. It was thought at first that
the United States had won by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to
play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player
popped it into the basket. It was the first time the US had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An
appeal jury (评审委员会) debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result
would stand. The American players then voted not to receive the silver medals.
Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of
the game. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals or in non-national teams, might be
too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism (爱国主义).
1. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have ____.
A. created goodwill between the nations
B. hardly showed any international friendship
C. caused only false national pride
D. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred
2. What did the manager mean by saying, “...Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are
finished”?
A. Hockey and the Federation are ruined by the unfair decisions.
B. His team would no longer take part in international games.
C. There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation.
D. The Federation should be ended.
3. The basketball example implied that ____.
A. too much patriotism was displayed in the incident
B. the announcement to make the match last longer was wrong
C. the appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decision
D. The American team was right in receiving the silver medals
4. Which statement best summarizes this passage?
A. Athletes should compete as individuals.
B. Different teams often have disputes when fighting for the first place.
C. Any team that has disrespectful behavior should be suspended.
D. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.
challenges your brainpower.
Homeric laughter
The "Homer" in this expression is the Greek poet. People laugh differently. Some laugh silently, while
others tend to laugh loudly. "Homeric laughter" refers to laughter of the latter kind. It is at times
uncontrollable, and the entire body shakes during the process. This kind of laughter is called Homeric
laughter because this is how the gods laughed in Homer"s classics.
A three-ring circus
When you refer to a situation as being a three-ring circus, you are saying that it is a situation of
complete confusion. There are so many activities taking place all together that they leave you confused or
annoyed. The expression comes from the world of entertainment - the circus. The area where the artists
perform their acts is called the "ring". In the past, some of the circuses were so grand that they had three
acts taking place simultaneously in three different "rings". The audience had to decide which "ring" they
wanted to focus on.
In the swim (of things)
When someone is in the swim of things, the individual is actively participating in the things happening
around him, as in "I"ve been ill, but soon I"ll be back in the swim of thing." In the world of fishing, fishermen use the word "swim" to refer to the section of the lake/river where fish can be found in plenty. So, if you
are a fisherman and wish to catch a lot offish, where would you be? You would be "in the swim".
Chickens have come home to roost
The word "roost" refers to the place where birds rest. It could be anything - the branch of a tree, a
henhouse, etc. The expression is normally used to mean that the bad things that someone did in the past
have come back to bite or upset the individual. In other words, one has to face the consequences of the
deeds done in the past. The original form of this 700-year-old expression was "curses are like chickens;
they always come home to roost".
A. Homeric laughter
B. A three-ring circus
C. In the swim (of things)
D. Chickens have come home to roost
2. What does the underlined word "simultaneously"(Paragraph 3) mean?
A. At the same time.
B. Step by step.
C. All of a sudden.
D. One after another.
3. lf you want to know more about such expressions, which website will you probably visit?
A. www.chinadaily.com.cn/sports/China.html
B. www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/university.html
C. www.chinadaily.com.cn/culuture/language.html
D. www.chinadaily.com.cn/entertainment/fashion.html
4. The passage is written to_____.
A. tell readers some old and interesting stories
B. indicate the development of English phrases
C. correct some misunderstandings about words
D. explain the meanings and origins of some phrases
a cupcake for her children on their birthday.
Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting (糖霜). It has been an American tradition
that moms bring cupcakes to the classroom to celebrate their child"s birthday.
But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to
child obesity.
Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering (妨碍) with
American culture. The cupcake is seen as American as apple pie - only prettier.
According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York University, the cupcake is the
most democratic (民主的) of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you don"t have to share
your cupcake with anyone - it"s all yours. They are also all the same size, so there can"t be any cries of
"she got the bigger piece!"
Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self-determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, others have it all in just one bite.
In recent years, eating a cupcake has become as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee.
Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was
elected president, she would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday.
Ruth Reichl, editor-in-chief of Gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much
about going back to American national identity in food, which is all about comfort. "People want to think
about when they and their country were innocent," she said.
B. A mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthday
C. A mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroom
D. parents go travelling with their children on their birthday
B. Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious.
C. Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of "She got the bigger piece".
D. Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children become fat.
B. The cupcake is too small to share with others.
C. The sizes of cupcakes are the same so it"s equal to everyone.
D. Cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned.
B. gentle
C. delicious
D. different
B. To show that cupcakes are becoming a popular to show kindness and comfort.
C. To make a comparison between them.
D. To give readers a general idea of cupcakes.
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