题目
题型：山西省月考题难度：来源：
farmers can earn money with high-powered wind turbines (发电机) that produce electricity. Wind power has
become big business, especially in Europe.
In the United States, less than one percent of electricity is produced from wind energy. But production
increased one hundred sixty percent between 2000 and 2005. So says Keith Collins, the chief economist at
the Department of Agriculture, in a statement he prepared for a Senate committee last month.
An even greater increase is expected between 2005and 2010. Farmers are providing land to turbine owners
or, in some cases, owing the equipment themselves.
Mister Collins says one reason for the increase is high prices for natural gas. Another is a federal tax credit (税收抵免) for wind production. The credit is almost two cents per kilowatt hour for the first ten years of
production for a project.
The production tax credit for renewable forms of energy was supposed to end this December. But
Congress has extended it through 2008
Other reasons for the expansion include improved turbine technology and lower production costs. They
also include policies that make it easier for wind power producers to sell their electricity. And they include the
growth of markets for "green power"-energy that does not create pollution.
California is the leading state for wind power. But Mister Collins says production is also growing in
Minnesota and other Midwestern states, all the way down to Texas. And he says many states in the West and
Midwest have the wind resources to produce much more wind power.
Wind power offers farmers a way to earn money for use of their land or, if they want, to operate their
own turbines. Wind is free, of course. Not only that, the land under the turbines can usually be farmed. And
farmers may be able to earn extra money by charging visitors to see their wind farm.
But wind farms are not perfect. Keep in mind that there has to be enough wind to earn a profit. Also, the
turbines can kill birds. And people sometimes object to the development of wind farms. They consider them
ugly and noisy.
B. Midwest
C. Europe
D. West
B. the tax is less for wind production
C. wind energy is green energy
D. both A and B
B. accept
C. agree to
D. are afraid of
B. California has the most wind resource in the world
C. visitors can watch the wind farm free
D. wind power can bring farmers some trouble
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 For centuries, farmers have used windmills to pump water, crush grain 】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
People are talking about the "new economy". It"s very different from the "old economy".
In the old economy, people travel to walk. They buy things in stores. They use the post office, the fax and
the telephone to send information. They see people face-to-face at their jobs or in stores. People get information from newspapers, radio, television, books and libraries.
In the new economy, people do business through the "net", which is a connection of millions of computers
everywhere in the world. In the new economy, workers often work at home. They can get information online.
They can communicate with employers and co-workers by e-mail. Businesses have"virtual (虚拟的) stores".
They are websites on which customers can see the products. Business can sell to customers anywhere in the
world.
In the new economy, people live a fast paced, convenient and colorful life. The whole world develops more
quickly than before. But the new economy is double-edge sword (双刃剑). Its disadvantage is also obvious.
For example, the Internet has led to a huge increase in credit care (信用卡) cheating. Some illegal websites
offer some cheap or banned(禁止的) goods or services. Online shoppers who enter their credit card
information may never receive the goods they want to buy and their card information could even be for sale in
an illegal website. So people in the new economy should be smarter and knowledgeable.
B. the business people do
C. the use of the Internet
D. the change of people"s life
B. communicating with friends by telephone
C. meeting people face to face
D. shopping online
B. the new economy has advantages and disadvantages
C. the new economy is better than the old economy
D. both the new economy and the old economy have disadvantages
B. Telephone, radio, television, newspapers and so on will disappear in the new economy.
C. People in the new economy should have high quality.
D. Life in the new economy is more comfortable than the one in the old economy.
worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passion; this summer alone, one in 10 citizens will go abroad.
Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American
firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald"s and Pizza Hut are setting
a new standard of customer service, using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the
friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to "Have a nice day"
has caught on. "Let"s be nicer", says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. "Nothing happens without
competition."
Privatization, or the threat of it, is a motivation as well. Monopolies that until recently have been free to
take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry, a marketing professor, calls "the revengeful
consumer". When the government opened up com- petition with Bezaq, the phone company, its international
branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, "People wanted
revenge for all the years of bad service." The electric company, whose monopoly may be short-lived, has
suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now, appointments are scheduled to the
half hour. The graceless EIAI Airlines, which is already at auction, has retrained its employees to emphasize
service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan, "you can feel the change in the air."
For the first time, praise outnumbers complaints on customer survey sheets.
B. wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please
C. the tourist industry has brought chain stores to Israel
D. Israeli customers prefer foreign produce to domestic ones
B. unless foreign companies are introduced in greater numbers
C. if there"s no competition among companies
D. without strict routine training of employees
B. it"s no longer necessary to make an appointment
C. the appointment takes only half a day to make
D. they only have to wait half an hour at most
B. an ad campaign is a way out for enterprises in financial difficulty
C. a good slogan has great potential for improvement service
D. staff retraining is essential for better service
two people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time
worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 per cent of the job"s wages, its
holidays and its other benefits.
Job sharing differs from conventional (常规的) part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly
skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment. Job
sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs
by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number
of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its
focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time
for other activities.
As would be expected, most job sharers are women. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britain"s Equal
Opportunities Commission showed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were
between 20 and 40 years of age Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these
women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time
work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into
full-time work after a long absence.
The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work
quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership
will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner
before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting
ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat
each other as equals.
B. Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.
C. Work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary.
D. Work sharing depends on the employer"s decision.
because _____.
B. they were over ideal working ages
C. they had difficulty finding full-time jobs
D. they had to take care of both work and family
B. have similar work experience
C. keep in touch with each other
D. know each other very well
B. discuss how to provide more jobs
C. recommend job sharing to women
D. compare job sharing with work sharing
apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent
cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after
a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.
Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new
buildings which would also be rentcontrolled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who
need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of
apartments in the city.
Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal
government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally
look for unskilled, low-paying jobs; However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers.
They will replace workers with machinery. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that
employers want decreases. Thus, critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause
unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum
wage.
Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers
cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept
jobs at unfair wages.
Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production,
rent control and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if "other things are equal".
Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.
Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that
there are no simple answers to economic questions.
B. discourage the renting of apartments as homes
C. reduce the shortage of apartments
D. result in a shortage of apartments
B. will likely bring about undesired results
C. will bring positive effects in the long run
D. is necessary under all circumstances
B. the workers are unskilled
C. the minimum wage is set too high
D. people need low-paying jobs
B. the urgency of getting rid of government controls
C. the relationship between supply and demand
D. the possible results of government controls
B. predicting the results of economic decisions is something complicated
C. minimum wage can not protect employees
D. economists usually have the same prediction about an economic decision
people go even more often. Why? For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one
place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the
highlights of modern civilization? Environmental activists would say No! They would go even further and
say that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They cause consumers of ignorance
of the side effect of their shopping-urban sprawl (扩大).
Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a great deal in the last
half century. Prior to 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public
transportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or isolated villages
and came into town only when they needed things they couldn"t produce themselves. If you gazed at the
landscape you would see towns surrounded by countryside. Then a massive change occurred.
Automobiles became affordable and people were quick to adopt them. Now ambitious workers could live
in the suburbs, the areas just outside cities, which started to grow rapidly. As long as there was lots of cheap
land in the suburbs, no one paid much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas,
and car dealerships spread out in large, flat buildings. These one-storey buildings and their parking lot took up
a great deal space. Well-meaning farmers thought they were better off selling their land than growing crops.
In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land would
be ruined forever. There was no way to preserve it.
Only in recent years have people come to mourn the old way of life as they have developed insight into the
problems of unconditional grows. Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental
problems. The negative aspects of sprawl include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams,
and the death of businesses in the old town centers. Many scholars think the time has come to analyze the
problems better so we can develop appropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to
do is to educate citizens about their priceless environment.
B. Urban Sprawl.
C. New Automobiles.
D. Isolated Villages.
B. Activists.
C. Farmers.
D. Scientists.
B. Shopping mall owners.
C. Unthinking shoppers.
D. Ambitious farmers.
B. Follow customary policies.
C. Start school in shopping mails.
D. Charge polluters a lot of money.
A. Respectful.
B. Disapproving.
C. Pessimistic.
D. Doubtful.
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