题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
Economic growth is the increase in numbers of goods and services produced over time by an economy, and it is calculated in terms of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Before growth is calculated, inflation (通货膨胀)is adjusted in order to take into account its misleading effect on the price of goods and services. Economic growth can also be explained as the increase in expected output, which results from an increase in actual output, or total demand.
There are certain aspects of economic growth which affect the environment. The first of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products, at a faster rate, the construction of large industrial plants is required. These plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long term health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people. They also lead to global warming.
Industrial manufacturing leads to the constantly increasing energy consumption. The traditional energy sources, which are commonly used nowadays, are considered to be the greatest polluters to the environment. There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings.
In order to produce economically practical energy, a sometimes significant transformation of the natural site is often inevitable. This is expensive and, has harmful effects on the environment. Application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. Consequently, the pressure balance that is brought about by this current will be affected, and it is important to remember that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.
For these reasons, bringing about economic growth without any resulting environmental damage, whatsoever, is impossible.
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Pollution caused by plant construction. |
B. Effects of windmills on the environment. |
C. Economic growth and human civilization. |
D. Economic growth and environmental damage. |
A.Goods and products | B.The industrial plants |
C. Water and atmosphere | D.Negative health effects |
A. economic growth should be calculated in terms of GDP |
B. use of natural resources causes no damage to the environment |
C. industrial manufacturing may cause damage to the environment |
D. a windmill is a perfect way to produce economically practical energy |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:B
解析
试题分析:本文讲述的是经济发展和环境破坏之间的关系。
小题1:D 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段最后一句In turn, the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so economic growth is almost unavoidably associated with environmental damage.可知本文讲述的是经济发展和环境破坏之间的关系。故D正确。
小题2:B 推理题。根据第三段最后4行These plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long term health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people. They also lead to global warming.
可知they就是指前句的The industrial plants,故B正确。
小题3:C 推理题。根据文章第三段可知作者认为经济的发展尤其是制造业的工厂一定会带来环境的破坏和污染,故C正确。
小题4:B 篇章结构题。文章第一段是总,接下来2段是分论点,4,5,6段是对第3段的解释。故B正确。
点评:本文讲述的是经济发展和环境破坏之间的关系。要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系,结合自己的生活常识和经验,再通过逻辑推理和判断,理解文章的言外之意,从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的,读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到,因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文,在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据,即:已知部分-推论的前提,从中推测出未知部分-推理的结论,切忌妄加评论,把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
核心考点
试题【Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning o】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Studying grammar will only slow you down and confuse you. You will think about the rules when creating sentences instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native. Remember that only a small part of English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules. Many ESL students know more grammar than native speakers. I can confidently say this with experience. I am a native English speaker, majored in English Literature, and have been teaching English for more than 10 years. However, many of my students know more details about English grammar than I do. When they sometimes ask me about grammar, I can easily look up the definition(定义) and apply it, but I can’t tell them the answer off the top of my head.
I often ask my native English friends some grammar questions, and only a few of them know the correct answer. However, they are fluent in English and can read, speak, listen, and communicate effectively.
Do you want to be able to recite the definition of a causative verb, or do you want to be able to speak English fluently?
小题1:According to the author, what opinion do most ESL students hold?
A.Grammar matters a lot only in speaking. |
B.Grammar doesn’t matter much in speaking. |
C.Grammar is very important in English learning. |
D.Grammar is not important in English learning. |
A.An ESL student. | B.A teacher teaching English natives. |
C.A native English student. | D.A native English teacher. |
A.on purpose | B.without consideration |
C.after thinking | D.with difficulty |
A.Fluency or Grammar? | B.Grammar Counts! |
C.Exams or No Exams? | D.No More Grammar! |
The record was previously held by another pop heavyweight, Justin Bieber, whose song“Baby”had a little more than 804 million views at press time. PSY made the announcement early today.
Since its release,the song has outshone such other popular videos as Jennifer Lopez’s“On the Floor.”and Eminem’s“Love the Way You Lie”.
And in September,“Gangnam Style”also became the most liked video on YouTube,now with nearly 5.4 million thumbs up.
At the time of the announcement, the Guinness Book of World Records released a statement saying: “In years past it was unthinkable that something would be viewed a hundred million times, and now Gangnam Style has achieved more than twice this figure in just three months on YouTube. PSY,your certificate is waiting here at our office,come and pick it up any time!”
Despite its massive popularity, the video shows no signs of slowing down, and it even has a shot at becoming the first video to get more than one billion views.
If it maintains its current rate of around six million new views per day, “Gangnam Style”would be in line to break that record by the end of the year.
It has found its way to the tops of music charts in more than 30 countries, including the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain and Canada, while providing material for thousands of parody videos.
It became a staple in the 2012 presidential elections with the now ramous “Mitt Romney Style” video and was even used by the North Korean government in propaganda(宣传)films promoting their supreme leader. Meanwhile, such influential figures as President Obama, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and Google Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt have all made mention of the hit song.
小题1:Which of the following ranks second in views on YouTube?
A.Gangnam Style. | B.Baby. |
C.On the Floor. | D.Love the Way You Lie. |
A.It has become the most watched video. |
B.It has become the most liked video. |
C.It has won more than 5.4 million thumbs down. |
D.It has more than two hundred million views in three months. |
A.Some video gained more views than Gangnam Style. |
B.It is impossible that Gangnam Style should have 100 million views. |
C.Guinness Book of World Records has recognized Gangnam Style’s achievements. |
D.Guinness Book of World Records won’t believe Gangnam Style’s achievements. |
A.get more than one billion views |
B.get more than two billion views |
C.get more than 808 million Views |
D.get one hundred million views |
A.It is especially popular in developing countries. |
B.It has played a part in the US presidential elections. |
C.Few influential figures know it. |
D.The supreme leader of North Korea has ever performed it. |
President John Kennedy established the Peace Corps soon after he took office in 1961. It was the time of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. The new program gave Americans a chance to answer the call to service that the president made in his inaugural(就职的)speech. “Ask not what your country can do for you,” he said. “Ask what you can do for your country.” Kennedy told Peace Corps volunteers that America’s image in the countries where they were going would depend largely on them.
On August 30th, 1961, the first group of 51 Peace Corps volunteers arrived in Accra, Ghana, to serve as teachers. They had agreed to work for almost no pay. They would spend two years in Ghana helping its people and learning the reality of life in a developing country. Most of the volunteers had just completed college. About half of them taught English or health care. In the 50 years since then, more than 200,000 Americans have served as Peace Corps volunteers. They have worked in 139 countries.
The Peace Corps is a government agency that was created to promote world peace and friendship. There are three goals: First, to help the people of interested countries in meeting their need for trained men and women. Second, to help promote a better understanding of Americans on the part of the people served. And, third. to help promote a better understanding of other people on the part of Americans.
Today, the Peace Corps has more than 8,000 volunteers and trainees in 77 countries. They work in agriculture, economic development, education, the environment and health care. Some work in programs related to youth development.
Sixty percent of current Peace Corps volunteers are women. The average age of a volunteer is 28. But the ages of Peace Corps volunteers range from 18 to 86. Some Americans join the Peace Corps after they retire. Today seven percent of volunteers are over the age of 50. And 19 percent are members of minority groups.
小题1:Volunteers for the Peace Corps can _______.
A.improve their abilities by learning in some developed countries |
B.travel to many foreign countries to learn more about the world |
C.have an opportunity to help all the people in developing countries |
D.contribute to lives in developing countries and develop themselves |
A.Volunteers served as teachers to work for no pay in Accra, Ghana. |
B.Kennedy established the Peace Corps before he took office in 1961. |
C.Most of the volunteers of the first group had just graduated from college. |
D.America’s image in the foreign countries depends completely on volunteers. |
A.what the Peace Corps is and its steps |
B.why the Peace Corps was created and what are its goals |
C.what role the Peace Corps play in daily life |
D.How the Peace Corps was created and its aims |
A.industry | B.environment | C.education | D.health care |
A.Most of the volunteers for the Peace Corps are women. |
B.Few minority groups joined the Peace Corps. |
C.Half of the retired volunteers joined the Peace Corps. |
D.People of different ages take an active part in the Peace Corps. |
Scientists from Surrey University and design experts from the London College of Fashion are developing a program which can take precise (精确的) waist, hip, chest and other measurements from camera images.
Using the person’s height as a starting point,the software will be able to build up a 3D image and estimate their size at various different points on the body, based on their overall proportions.
The result will be a more accurate sizing guide than previous systems based on waist size or a “small/medium/large”scale, which rely on limited measurements and the buyer’s perception of their own body size.
Shoppers and retailers(零售商)who choose to sign up for the project could save millions of pounds a year in postage costs by removing the need to order multiple sizes of the same garment(服装) and send back ill-fitting clothes, researchers claimed.
The project, sponsored by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC), is expected to be brought to market within two years.
After choosing an item, the shopper will activate the software, enter their height, stand in front of their webcam or smart phone in their underwear and take a photograph.
The software will not store or transmit the image to the internet, but will use it to judge the person’s dimensions at various points on their body.
Philip Delamore of the London College of Fashion said:“The potential benefits for the fashion industry and for shoppers are huge. Currently, it’s common for online shoppers to order two or three different sizes of the same item of clothing at the same time, as they’re unsure which one will fit best.”
小题1:What is the essential part of a 3D tape measure?
A.a software | B.a webcam |
C.a microphone | D.a smart phone |
A.It will store or transmit the image to the internet. |
B.It is based on the buyer’s perception of their size. |
C.It will be a co-working production. |
D.It uses a person’s weight as a starting point. |
A.quicker | B.more precise |
C.more beautiful | D.more vivid |
A.Online shoppers will get their ordered garment in time. |
B.Online shoppers will get their ordered garment more quickly. |
C.Online shoppers will get an ordered garment of high quality. |
D.Online shoppers will get an ordered garment to their measure. |
①to take a photo with a webcam
②to activate the software
③to enter his/her height
④to judge his size by analyzing his image
A.①②③④ | B.②①③④ | C.②③①④ | D.②③④① |
“What"s the matter, Schatz?”
“I"ve got a headache.”
“You better go back to bed.”
“No. I"m all right.”
“You go to bed. I"ll see you when I"m dressed.”
But when I came downstairs he was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years. When I put my hand on his forehead I knew he had a fever.
“You go up to bed,” I said, “You"re sick.”
“I"m all right,” he said.
When the doctor came he took the boy"s temperature.
“What"s is it?” I asked him.
“One hundred and two.”
Downstairs, the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules with instructions for giving them. One was to bring down the fever, another a purgative(泻药), the third to overcome an acid condition. The germs of influenza(流感)can only exist in an acid condition, he explained. He seemed to know all about influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go above one hundred and four degrees. This was a light epidemic(传染病;传染性的) of flu and there was no danger if you avoided pneumonia(肺炎).
Back in the room I wrote the boy"s temperature down and made a note of the time to give the various capsules.
“Do you want me to read to you?”
“All right. If you want to, “ said the boy. His face was very white and there were dark areas under his eyes. He lay still in the bed and seemed very detached(超然的;冷漠的)from what was going on.
I read aloud from Howard Pyle"s Book of Pirates(海盗);but I could see he was not following what I was reading.
“How do you feel, Schatz?” I asked him.
“Just the same, so far,” he said.
I sat at the foot of the bed and read to myself while I waited for it to be time to give another capsule. It would have been natural for him to go to sleep, but when I looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed, looking very strangely.
“Why don"t you try to sleep? I"ll wake you up for the medicine.”
“I"d rather stay awake.”
After a while he said to me, “You don"t have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it bothers you.”
“It doesn"t bother me.”
“No, I mean you don"t have to stay if it"s going to bother you.”
I thought perhaps he was a little lightheaded and after giving him the prescribed capsules at eleven o"clock I went out with my gun and the young hunting dog….I killed two quail(鹌鹑), and missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey of quail close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day.
At the house they said the boy had refused to let anyone come into the room.
“You can"t come in,” he said. “You mustn"t get what I have.”
I went up to him and found him in exactly the position I had left him, white-faced, but with the tops of his cheeks flushed(发红)by the fever, staring still, as he had stared, at the foot of the bed.
I took his temperature.
“What is it?”
“Something like a hundred,” I said. It was one hundred and two and four tenths.
“It was a hundred and two,” he said.
“Who said so?”
“The doctor.”
“Your temperature is all right,” I said. “It"s nothing to worry about.”
“I don"t worry,” he said, “but I can"t keep from thinking.”
“Don"t think,” I said. “Just take it easy.”
“I"m taking it easy,” he said and looked straight ahead, He was evidently holding tight onto himself about something.
“Take this with water.”
“Do you think it will do any good?”
“Of course it will.”
I sat down and opened the Pirate book and began to read, but I could see he was not following, so I stopped.
“About what time do you think I"m going to die?” he asked.
“What?”
“About how long will it be before I die?”
“You aren"t going to die. What"s the matter with you? “
“Oh, yes, I am, I heard him say a hundred and two.”
“People don"t die with a fever of one hundred and two. That"s a silly way to talk.”
“I know they do. At school in France the boys told me you can"t live with forty-four degrees. I"ve got a hundred and two.”
He had been waiting to die all day, ever since nine o"clock in the morning.
“You poor Schatz,” I said. “Poor old Schatz. It"s like miles and kilometers. You aren"t going to die. That"s different thermometer. On that thermometer thirty-seven is normal. On this kind it"s ninety-eight.”
“Are you sure?”
“Absolutely,” I said, “It"s like miles and kilometers. You know, like how many kilometers we make when we do seventy miles in the car?”
“Oh,” he said.
But his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. The hold over himself relaxed too, finally, and the next day it was very slack(松驰的) and he cried very easily at little things that were of no importance.
小题1:The author writes about the doctor’s visit in order to _____.
A.show the doctor’s knowledge about influenza and its treatment |
B.show the boy’s illness was quite serious |
C.create a situation of misunderstanding around which to build a story |
D.show the father was very much concerned about the boy’s illness |
A.the boy’s high temperature |
B.the father giving the medicine to the boy |
C.the father staying with the boy |
D.the boy’s death |
A.early in the afternoon |
B.close to evening |
C.at noon |
D.late in the morning |
A.he did not want to be a bother to others |
B.he wanted to recover quickly so that he could go hunting with his father |
C.he was afraid that he would die if he lost control over himself |
D.he thought he was going to die and he must show courage in the face of death |
A.he couldn’t control his emotions when he finally relaxed |
B.his father would go out hunting without him if he didn’t cry |
C.something went wrong with his brain after the fever |
D.he often complained about unimportant things as a spoiled boy |
A.death is something beyond a child’s comprehension |
B.to be calm and controlled in the face of death is a mark of courage |
C.misunderstanding can occur even between father and son |
D.misunderstanding can sometimes lead to an unexpected effect |
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