题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.
Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.
One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. (347 words)
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答案
小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A
小题4:D
小题5:C
小题6:B
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:B
小题10:A
小题11:C
小题12:B
小题13:A
小题14:D
小题15:D
解析
【文章大意】文章主要讲述的是市场开放，即全球化给人们带来的影响。文章中包含两种相反的观点，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。文章最后，得出结论，全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。
小题1:possible意为可能 smooth 意为顺利的，光滑的，平稳的 good好的 easy简单的。根据上一句的“increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market”逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场。很明显这是讲的市场开放的好处，因此后面提出问题，“问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）？”，故选择C项。
小题2:根据后文的“It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries ”中的increased wealth增加的财富，可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题，即选择B项。Crime犯罪 poverty贫困 conflict冲突 population人口
小题3:contribute to 促成，导致 respond to 对……做出反应 turn to 转向，向某人求助 owe to由于，根据后面的improved education and longer life 可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长，因此是产生了好的促进作用，因此选择A项。
小题4:根据上文中的It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries可知，这24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即increase。句意为，这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。Remain 仍然 drop下降 shift变化 increase增加，因此选择D
小题5:doubt 怀疑； define 定义、规定、明确；advocate 提倡、拥护； ignore忽视，根据后面的 “economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses”发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的“benefit from”可知，该观点的those人们是支持，提倡市场开放的，因此选择C项。
小题6:上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得等多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择B 项的for instance意为例如。In addition意为此外，表递进关系。In other words换句话说，All in all总而言之。
小题7:根据后面的“can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.”中的now, worldwide与前半句的originally和 in 56 open-air markets 是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。因此选择C项，local 意为当地的；mature意为成熟的；new意为新的；foreign意为国外的
小题8:根据前面的“Critics take a different view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大（widen）穷人和富人之间的差距。Widen 变宽；find找到；explore探索；bridge架桥、度过，故选择D，widen
小题9:suffer遭受； profit获益、盈利；learn学习；withdraw撤退、收回。根据后面的“ the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，即profit from sth,从……中受益、获益
小题10:根据下文的“globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses.”意为全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，因此选择A项，furthermore意为，此外，表递进关系。Therefore意为因此，因果关系，however然而，转折关系 otherwise否则，转折关系
小题11:根据上文中的“small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口（export)商品，故选择C，句意为，例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。故选择C项。 Consume消耗、消费 deliver递送，发表，advertise做广告
小题12:根据“face fierce competition ”可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即out of business.故选择B项。Out of trouble 脱离困境 out of power 丧失权利 out of mind心不在焉
小题13:keep up保持、继续、不落后；come in进来；go around四处走动、供应； help out帮助……摆脱困境。根据上文的out of business破产和下文的be crowded out被排挤出去可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选择A
小题14:根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，因此选择D项，turn back意为往回走。Take off意为起飞，脱掉；get along意为相处、进展；hold out意为伸出、坚持。
小题15:agreement意为同意、一致； prediction预测、预计；outcome意为后果；challenge意为挑战。该句句意为，目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。
核心考点
试题【Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.
小题1:The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that______.
| A．most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson |
| B．Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation |
| C．the comment was accurate two hundred years ago |
| D．English conversations usually start with the weather |
| A．A social trend. |
| B．An emotional state. |
| C．A historical concept. |
| D．An unknown phenomenon. |
| A．Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather |
| B．there is nothing special about the English weather |
| C．the English weather attracts people to the British Isles |
| D．English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty |
| A．To explain what English weather-speak is about. |
| B．To analyse misconceptions about the English weather. |
| C．To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. |
| D．To convince people that the English weather is changeable. |
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10anm to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk). Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8-minute walk).
小题1:In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?
| A．The 13th |
| B．The 17th |
| C．The 18th |
| D．The 20th |
| A．In the East Wing. |
| B．In the main West Wing. |
| C．In the Sainsbury Wing. |
| D．In the North Wing. |
| A．Piccadilly Circus. |
| B．Leicester Square. |
| C．Embankment. |
| D．Charing Cross. |
Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.
Zones
The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.
Computers
You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers; you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
Group-study Places
If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.
There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.
Storage of study material
The library has lockers for students to store course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits (学分), you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period.
Rules to be followed
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.
Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.
小题1:The library’s upper floor is mainly for students to ______.
| A．read in a quiet place |
| B．have group discussions |
| C．take comfortable seats |
| D．get their computers fixed |
| A．help students with their field experiments |
| B．contain software essential for schoolwork |
| C．are for those who want to access the wi-fi |
| D．are mostly used for filling out application forms |
| A．A group must consist of 8 people. |
| B．Three-hour use per day is the minimum. |
| C．One should first register at the university. |
| D．Applications must mark the room on the map. |
| A．can afford the rental fee |
| B．attends certain courses |
| C．has nowhere to put his books. |
| D．has earned the required credits |
| A．Mobile phones |
| B．Orange juice |
| C．Candy |
| D．Sandwiches |
At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947,in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform,and they did so in a public house disused for years.
Soon,groups of studentsfirstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge,Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.
Today the “Fringe”,once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre,music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959,with only 19 theatre groups performing,some said it was getting too big.
A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1,25 million tickets were sold.
小题1:Point was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at he beginning?
| A．To bring Europe together again. |
| B．To honor heroes of World War 11. |
| C．To introduce young theatre groups. |
| D．To attract great artists from Europe. |
| A．They owned a public house there. |
| B．They came to take up a challenge. |
| C．They thought they were also famous. |
| D．They wanted to take part in the festival. |
| A．they owned a public house there |
| B．University students. |
| C．人rusts from around the world. |
| D．Performers of music and dance. |
| A．has become a non-official event |
| B．has gone beyond an art festival |
| C．gives shows all year round |
| D．keeps growing rapidly |
Researchers have named the site “Bluehenge” after the color of the 27 Welsh stones that were laid to make up a path. The stones have disappeared, but the path of holes remains.
The new circle, unearthed over the summer by researchers from Sheffield University, represents an important find, researchers said Saturday. The site is about a mile away from Stonehenge.
Bluehenge, about 80 miles southwest of London, is believed to date back to about the time Stonehenge was built, about 5,000 years ago.
Mike Parker Pearson of Sheffield University said he believed the path and stonehenge itself were linked to rituals(仪式) of life and death.
Mike Parker suggested that the ancient funerary rituals began at a different circle site known as “Wood-henge”, which represented the world of the living. The bodies of the dead were then brought down the River Avon to Bluehenge, which represented death, and were finally carried along a ceremonial route known as the Avenue to Stonehenge.
Bournemouth University Professor Tim Darvill, an expert on Stonehenge, told Britain’s Dail Mail that Bluehenge “adds to the richness” of the ancient site’s story.
“This henge is very important because it forms part of the picture of ceremonial monuments in the area and puts Stonehenge into context,” Darvill was quoted(引述) as saying. “It’s no longer Stonehenge standing alone, but it has to be seen in context with the landscape.”
小题1:How many henges are mentioned in this passage?
| A．Two | B．Three | C．Four | D．Five |
| A．Archaeologists from London | B．Welsh researchers |
| C．Mike Parker Pearson | D．Professor Tim Darvill |
| A．Stonehenge has noting to do with Bluehenge |
| B．Woodhenge represented the world of living in ancient times. |
| C．Bluehenge represented death |
| D．Stonehenge, Woodhenge and Bluehenge should be studied together |
| A．researchers have named the site “Bluehenge,” because they have found blue huge stones there |
| B．funerary rituals were carried out along the path starting from Woodhenge, River Avon to Bluehenge, finally Stonehenge. |
| C．Bluehenge is 1 mile away from London |
| D．Bluehenge dates back to 2000 BC |
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