题目
题型：北京高考真题难度：来源：
"Poor but honest." "The deserving(值得帮助的)poor." These words always come to my mind when I
think of "the poor." But I also think of people who, perhaps through alcohol (酒) or drugs, have ruined not
only their own lives but also the lives of others in order to give way to their own pleasure. Perhaps alcoholism
and drug addiction (上瘾) really are "diseases." as many people say, but my own feeling－based, of course,
not on any serious study－is that most alcoholics and drug addicts belong to the "undeserving poor." And
that is largely why I don"t give spare change to beggars.
But surely among the street people there are also some who can rightly be called "deserving." Deserving
what? My spare change? Or simply the government"s assistance? It happens that I have been brought up to
believe that it is proper to make contributions to charity (慈善机构), but if I give some change to a beggar,
am I making a contribution to charity and thereby helping someone, or, am I perhaps simply encouraging
someone not to get help? Or, maybe even worse, am I supporting a cheat?
If one believes in the value of private charity, one can either give to needy people or to charitable
organizations. In giving to a beggar one may indeed be helping a person who badly needs help, but one cannot
be certain that one is giving to a needy person. In giving to an organization, on the other hand, one can feel
that one"s money is likely to be used wisely. True, facing a beggar one may feel that this particular unfortunate
person needs help at this moment－a cup of coffee or a sandwich－and the need will not be met unless I put
my hand in my pocket right now. But I have come to think that the beggars whom I meet can get along
without my spare change, and indeed perhaps they are actually better off for not having money to buy alcohol
or drugs.
I know nothing about these beggars, but it"s my impression that they simply prefer begging to working. I
am not generalizing about street people. I am talking about the people whom I actually meet. That"s why I do
not give "spare change," and I don"t think I will in the future.
B. They really need money to live.
C. They have no pleasure in life.
D. They are not worth helping.
B. He doesn"t have enough money to give.
C. He is not convinced they will use it rightly.
D. He believes they can get help from the government.
B. giving examples to support his argument
C. raising questions and answering them
D. expressing his opinions directly
B. Some street people are poor and needy.
C. Most beggars have received enough help.
D. Charitable organizations handle money properly.
答案
核心考点
举一反三
about homesickness, and recommending books about the country. But when it comes to adjusting to campus
life when they return, schools haven"t done as much, even though the transition (转变, 过渡) is sometimes
almost as difficult.
"They can feel disoriented (迷失方向的) and depressed. They find things are not exactly the way they
were when they left," said Antonio Jimenez, director of the Center for International Affairs at California State
University Channel Islands in Camarillo, California, US. "They find that people don"t care much about their
experiences."
Some colleges are now rethinking their approach to studying abroad, recognizing that students might need
almost as much help adjusting to life back home as they did getting ready to leave: students experience a sort
of reverse (倒转, 反向) culture shock when they return to the US. They might be troubled by the wealth and
waste they see back home or they might feel homesick for their new country and its customs. And when they
try to talk about their experiences, people quickly lose interest, especially if they haven"t lived abroad themselves.
Down the road, they also might find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience that an employer
finds attractive.
Some California universities have organized conferences to help students make the most of their time abroad.
During a one-day event, students learn how to adjust after living abroad, talk about their experiences and
incorporate (加上,包含) them into their lives and future careers.
Blythe Cheney, 22, a senior who has studied in Thailand and Britain, found the workshops helpful. "Any
experience abroad does have an effect on you," Cheney said. "When you come back, it"s important to talk about
it, especially with people who know what you"ve been through." Yet most universities focus more on preparation
than reorientation.
B. Homesick for their new country
C. Losing interest in their homeland
D. Difficult transition
B. dissatisfied with
C. indifferent to
D. proud of
B. buildings where machines are made
C. shops where books are bought
D. labs where experiments are conducted
B. Some universities offer to help students in need.
C. Returned students find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience.
D. Returning from studying overseas, students face more trouble than they expected.
worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2, 000, 000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all
hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten(= say that you will hurt somebody ff they don"t do
what you want)the quality of care provided. The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing
field.
What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes. One possibility
is the fact that woman have greater career options (职业选择). In the past, women who chose to work outside
the home had two basic choices: nursing or teaching. Today, more women than ever are in the work force, but
their options have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact,
women today are found in nearly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs
with higher pay and greater status (地位). A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as
"merely a nurse". Teachers may be also at fault. Many high school students are actually being steered (劝导)
away from nursing, told by teachers that they are"too bright to be a nurse".
Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly
patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS
and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal diseases mean long
drawn-out hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that
the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.
B. Because more and more women prefer to be teachers and doctors.
C. Because women have been provided with many different jobs.
D. Because women no longer choose to be nurses.
B. introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students
C. not asking the government to raise the nurses" payment
D. persuading the students not to be nurses
B. warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problem
C. tell us women"s free choice of jobs today
D. call on women not to be nurses
B. Women in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries.
C. Of all the hospitals in the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed.
D. Nursing used to be a popular job among women.
parents may face. Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between
parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon (现象) is commonly known as "Empty Nest
Syndrome" (空巢综合症).
In order to seek better chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, leaving
their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely
days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay
with them. The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies
makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left
their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match what
they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing
response (回应) in time for their aged parents living by themselves.
The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents has been described as
"distant parent phenomenon", which is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our
society has not yet been well prepared for "Empty Nest Syndrome".
B. the unfavorable living conditions in their native countries
C. the common worry about their income
D. the geographical distance between parents and children
B. seek a better place for their aged parents
C. continue their studies abroad
D. realize their dreams in foreign countries
B. they can give some help to their parents back home
C. they cannot do what they should for their parents
D. they believe what they actually do is right
B. "Empty Nest Syndrome" has arrived unexpectedly in our society
C. children will become independent as soon as they go abroad
D. the aged parents are not fully prepared for "Empty Nest Syndrome"
短文阅读，根据所读内容在文后1-5的空格里填上适当的单词或短语。注意每空一超过3个单词。
million Americans will be 65 or older by the yew 2010, 51 million by 2020, and 65 million by 2030.
The "graying" of the United States is mainly due to the fact that people in the U. S. living longer. As a matter
of fact, the number of U.S. citizens 85 years old and older is growing six times as fast as the rest of the
population. It is also largely due to the old-growing of the"baby boomers," the generation born after World War
II. In 1957, over 4.3 million babies were born. More than 75 million Americans were born between 1946 and
1964, the largest generation in U.S. history. In less than twenty pears, millions of them will become elderly
people.
The "graying" of the U.S. will greatly affect the nation"s family and workforce. One likely development will
be a gradual change in the family unit; it will move away from the nuclear family and towards a
multigenerational family. The other likely development will be a change m the proportion (比例) of the nation"s
workforce. In 1989 there were 3.5 workers for every person 65 and older; by the year 2030, them will only be
2 workers for every person 65 and older.
Joanna and Henry noticed a change in their elder son: suddenly he seemed to be talking far more to his friends
than to his parents. "The door to his room is always shut." Joanns noted.
Tina and Mark noticed similar changes in their 14-year-old daughter. "She used to cuddle up (蜷伏) with
me on the sofa and talk," said Mark. "Now we joke that she does this only when she wants something,
Sometimes she wants to be treated like a little girl and sometimes like a young lady. The problem is figuring
out which time is which."
Before age 11, children like to tell their parents what"s on their minds. "In fact, parents are first on the list."
said Michael Riera, author of Uncommon Sense for Parents with Teenagers. "This completely changes during
the teen years." Riera explained. "They talk to their friends first, then maybe their teachers, and their parents
last."
Parents who know what"s going on in their teenagers"lives are in the best position to help them. To break
down the wall of silence, parents should create chances to understand what their children want to say, and try
to find ways to talk and write to them. And they must give their children a mental break, for children also need
freedom, though young. Another thing parents should remember is that to be a friend, not a manager, with
their children is a better way to know them.
B. doesn"t want to be disturbed (打扰)
C. keeps himself away from his parents
D. begins to dislike his parents
B. they can"t read their daughter"s mind exactly (确切地)
C. they don"t know what to say to their daughter
D. their daughter talks with them only when she needs help
B. Teenagers do not want to understand their parents.
C. Teenagers do not talk much with their parents.
D. Teenagers talk little about their own lives.
B. Parents have suitable ways to talk with their teenagers.
C. Parents should be patient with their silent teenagers.
D. Parents should try to understand their teenagers.
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