题目
题型：广东省模拟题难度：来源：
on your age.
Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this
experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception (观察力) of some people, using pictures of some
orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included
151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.
The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger
than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct
circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.
Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded
by gray circles. Here"s where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded
by even smaller gray circles-making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was
the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles-so it appeared to
be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.
When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren"t fooled-they were still able
to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other
hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it
wrong most of the time.
As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other
words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange
circle in the middle. As a result, they"re more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.
B. people"s ability to see accurately
C. children"s and adults" brains
D. the influence of people"s age
B. only adults over 18 got it right 95% 0f the time with gray ones around
C. children at 4 got it right about 79% of the time with gray ones around
D. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around
B. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size
C. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
D. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size
B. 6
C. 10
D. 18
B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.
C. Because people"s eyes become weaker as they grow older.
D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answe】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
into six groups and gave them an example:a restaurant chain. The more original their idea, the better, I said.
Finally, five of the six groups presented plans for restaurant chains. The sixth proposed a catering (餐饮)
service. Though I admitted the time limit had been difficult, I expressed my disappointment.
My students were middle managers, financial analysts and financiers from state-owned enterprises and
global companies. They were not without talent or opinions, but they had been shaped by an educational
system that rarely stressed or rewarded critical thinking or inventiveness. The scene I just described came
in different forms during my two years" teaching at the school. Papers were often copied from the Web and
the Harvard Business Review. Case study debates were written up and just memorized. Students frequently
said that copying is a superior business strategy, better than inventing and creating.
In China, every product you can imagine has been made and sold. But so few well-developed marketing
and management minds have been raised that it will be a long time before most people in the world can
name a Chinese brand.
With this problem in mind, partnerships with institutions like Yale and MIT have been established. And
then there"s the "thousand-talent scheme": this new government program is intended to improve technological
modernization by attracting top foreign-trained scientists to the mainland with big money. But there are worries
about China"s research environment. It"s hardly known for producing independent thinking and openness, and
even big salary offers may not be attractive enough to overcome this.
At last, for China, becoming a major world creator is not just about setting up partnerships with top
Western universities. Nor is it about gathering a group of well-educated people and telling them to think
creatively. It"s about establishing a rich learning environment for young minds. It"s not that simple.
B. Because the six groups made projects for restaurant chains.
C. Because all the students copied a case for the difficult topic.
D. Because the students" ideas were lacking in creativeness.
B. Students often said that copying is a preferable business strategy.
C. Students combine knowledge and critical thoughts to solve a problem.
D. Case study debates were written up as well as recited.
B. theme
C. project
D. policy
B. high pay may not solve the problem of China"s research environment
C. cooperation with institutions has been set up to make a Chinese brand
D. the new government program are aimed at encouraging imagination
B. Reward Creative Thinking
C. How to Become a Creator
D. Establish a technical Environment
middle-class peers (同龄人), the shadow schools secretary, Michael Gove, said today.
The Conservatives would give English state schools the freedom to choose to have longer teaching hours
and extra classes at the weekend, he told the Association of Teachers and Lecturers" annual conference.
Gove said the move would help to close the achievement gap with richer children whose parents could
afford extras such as tutoring and music lessons.
He told delegates (代表) in Manchester:"For children who come from homes where parents don"t have
the resources to provide additional stretch and cultural experiences, there are benefits in having those children
in the learning environment, in school, for longer."
"Parents would love to have schools starting earlier in some circumstances, and certainly going on later in
the afternoon, given the reality of their working lives," he said. He held up the example of Kipp (Knowledge is
Power Program) schools in the US, which are often based in the poorest communities and open from 7:30 am
to 5 pm on weekdays, plus Saturdays.
But it would be up to schools to decide to offer longer hours, Gove added.
Parents said Saturday classes could become a "badge of dishonor" if pupils were forced to go, while
teachers raised concerns about their workload.
Margaret Morrissey, of Parents Outloud, said:"I think the suggestion the government made about one-to-one
teaching for these kids would be a more preferable way of improving these children"s performance. I"m just
not sure whether taking away a child at weekends is actually going to make them cleverer in the week."
The ATL"s general secretary, Mary Bousted, said:"If we want Saturday schools, then we need more
teachers doing the extra hours, not the same teachers working longer."
B. whose parents can"t afford extra help
C. who perform poorly academically
D. whose weekends are mostly unoccupied
B. physical relaxation
C. entertainment activities
D. out-of-school improvement
B. To introduce a new program.
C. To seek supportive evidence.
D. To prove his program is better.
B. Doubtful.
C. Optimistic.
D. Acceptable.
B. Schools are trying to make profits.
C. The program is already under way.
D. The program is popular with children.
open up new ways to affect aging, immunity (免疫) and resistance in humans, the scientists said.
"We wanted to find out how normal aging is being governed by genes and what effect these genes have
on other traits, such as immunity," said Robin May of the University of Birmingham, who led the study.
Populations across the-world are aging at a surprising pace, bringing potentially big challenges for health
and social care systems. A study by Danish scientists last year found that half of babies born in the rich
world today will live to celebrate their 100th birthdays. Scientists are eager to find out how people age to try
to develop drugs to help them stay healthier as their lives extend.
"What we have found is that things like resistance and aging tend to go hand in hand," May said in an
interview.
May"s team compared longevity, stress resistance and immunity in four related species of worm. They
also looked for differences in the activity of DAF-16 in each of the four species, and found that they were
all quite distinct.
May said DAF-16 was active in most cells in the body and was very similar to a group of human genes
called FOXO genes, which scientists believe play a role in the aging process.
"The fact that subtle (微妙的) differences in DAF-16 between species seem to have such an impact on
aging and health is very interesting and may explain how differences in lifespan and related traits have arisen
during evolution," May said.
B. Science.
C. Entertainment.
D. Culture.
B. FOXO genes can be found in worms
C. genes play the same role in different species
D. new drugs will change the genes in older people
B. Babies in the rich world will all live longer.
C. Present social care systems are poorly managed.
D. Aging populations are causing more challenges.
B. can make people live longer
C. has an effect on aging and immunity
D. has been quite familiar to scientists
B. Population Aging Faster than Expected
C. How to Make People Live Longer
D. Gene Determines How Long We Live
and Institute of Medicine. Problems begin early, as the infants of depressed mothers cry more than other babies.
They have greater fear of strangers and less tolerance for frustration. Starting in preschool and across all stages
of childhood, they have more behavior problems at school and higher rates of depression and anxiety disorders.
[2]By adolescence, children with depressed parents have poorer social relations than the teens of parents
____, and they"re more likely to be dependent on alcohol and drugs. Depression in parents also is linked to more
behavior problems at school and higher rates of depression and anxiety disorders, according to studies in the
report.
[3]And some harmful effects of growing up with a depressed parent appear to remain into adulthood. A
20-year study on kids of depressed parents found that those with depressed parents suffered about three times
the rate of anxiety disorders and depression by their 30s, and they were in poorer health than peers and much
more likely to be dependent on drugs and alcohol. The study, believed to be the longest ever done, was
published in the American Journal of Psychiatry in 2006. These effects may not only be long-lasting but also
far-reaching. Serious depression affects about one in five American parents, and 15.6 million children live with
an adult who has had major depression in the last year.
[4]As knowledge about the effects of parental depression has grown, so too has research into how to fight
those effects. Studies suggest, for example, that changing destructive parenting practices and teaching children
good coping strategies can make a big, positive difference in kids.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? With a better understanding of the
effects of depressed parents, research is also being conducted on how to prevent those effects.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. List three negative effects of parental depression on children. (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
their body positions if they start floating in the wrong direction. This new finding suggests that insects may
employ some of the same methods that birds use for traveling long distances. Scientists have long thought
that insects were simply at the mercy of the wind.
Fascinating as their skills of flight are, migrating behavior has been difficult to study in insects because
many long distant trips happen thousands of feet above ground. Only recently have scientists developed
technologies that can detect such little creatures at such great heights.
To their surprise, though, the insects weren"t passive travelers on the winds. In autumn, for example,
most light winds blew from the east, but the insects somehow sought out ones that carried them south and
they positioned themselves to navigate directly to their wintering homes.
Even in the spring, when most winds flowed northward, the insects didn"t always go with the flow. If
breezes weren"t blowing in the exact direction they wanted to go, the insects changed their body positions
to compensate. Many migrating birds do the same thing.
The study also found, butterflies and moths actively flew within the air streams that pushed them along.
By adding flight speeds to wind speeds, the scientists calculated that butterflies and moths can travel as fast
as 100 kilometers an hour. The findings may have real-world applications. With climate warming,migrating
insects are growing in number. Knowing how and when these pests move could help when farmers decide
when to spray their crops.
B. Wind helps insects greatly in migrating.
C. Windsurfing insects have real direction.
D. Scientists have trouble in observing insects.
B. insects chose the winds they wanted to ride
C. insects were just blown about by the wind
D. insects positioned themselves in the winds
B. they have no regular migrating courses
C. the wind"s direction is hard to foresee
D. their flight is long and high above ground
B. insects travel more easily in autumn
C. insects never position themselves when flying low
D. insects rest a lot when the wind pushes them along
B. instruct farmers when to spray
C. prevent climate warming
D. help protect insects
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