题目
题型：安徽省模拟题难度：来源：
One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards.
Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in
Sweden did the study.
They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner"s
Dilemma. The game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The
students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain
equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the
punisher. Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation.
The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that
rewarded it the least. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.
The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on
violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than, eight hundred
children were ages two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were
ages five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results
with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children
whose parents did not.
The study says the IQs of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than
those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points. The more they are spanked,
the slower their mental development.
B. the less a group punished itself, the lower its earnings
C. adults are much more cooperative if rewarded
D. the game is introduced in the journal Science
B. The study is about violence and abuse of children.
C. The children tested were divided into groups of four.
D. Children"s mental development only relies on their IQs.
B. blamed.
C. tested.
D. praised.
B. Punishment Is the Best Way of Education.
C. Cooperation Is the Most Successful Behavior.
D. Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?
答案
核心考点
试题【阅读理解。 Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to i】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
oils are used as food, especially in cooking. But sometimes they have other uses. For example, oils are used
in paint and in cleaning products like soap.
Oil is separated from seeds by using pressure. A machine called a press is often used.
The first step in pressing the oil from seeds is to crush the seeds between two stones. The crushed seeds
are then put into a cloth bag and the bag is hung up. Some of the oil will flow out of the bag and can be
collected.
But some oil will remain in the crushed seeds inside the bag. The easiest way to get the rest of the oil out
is to place heavy rocks on the crushed material.
Another method is to place several cloth bags on top of each other in a box. Then a long wooden stick is
used to slowly push a heavy cover down on the bags. Great pressure is produced in this way. Much greater
pressure can be produced by using a machine, a hydraulic jack (液压千斤顶). The greater the pressure, the
more oil win be produced.
Small presses are important in areas where electricity or gasoline cannot be used. They are also a good
way to test if a local market for oil exists.
Small batch presses can be made of local materials. Their cost is low. They are not difficult to operate.
And they are easy to repair. The small presses produce good quality oil. But the work is hard. And getting
all the oil from the seeds can be difficult.
If there is a large supply of seeds, then hand-operated presses may not be enough to support a business.
Large, powered presses that can operate all day are needed.
| Title | How to 1.______ Oil From Seeds | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2.______ of oil | People use oils when they cook meals, paint pictures and clean objects. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Method l | ●Crush the seeds between two stones and then put them into a cloth bag. ●3.______ the cloth bag up. Some of the oil will flow out of the bag. ●The 4.______ oil in the seeds can be got by putting more heavy rocks on them. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Method 2 | ●A box is used to 5.______ several bags of seeds. ●Place a heavy cover on the bags. ●Use a long wooden stick to push the cover slowly. ●The 6.______ of oil relies on the pressure placed on the bags. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Small batch presses | ●They are at a low 7.______ ●They are easy to operate and repair. ●They can be used in areas 8.______ of electricity or gasoline. ●They can be operated by hand very conveniently. ●They can produce good quality oil. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Large 9.______ presses | ●It is easy to get all the oil from the seeds. ●They can 10.______ with a large supply of seeds and support a business. ●They can run all day. | |||||||||||||||||||
| 阅读表达。阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后面的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求） | ||||||||||||||||||||
| For years children in the industrial areas of Europe and America seldom left their smoky cities to see the beauties of the countryside. Not that the woods and fields were always far away, but they were too far from the city to permit people to make a round trip between morning and nightfall. What"s more, factory workers did not have enoug money to send their children on country holidays away from home. In 1907 a young German schoolmaster had an idea which changed this state of affairs. He decided to turn his little schoolhouse into a domitory for the summer holidays. Anyone who bmught his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very smaU amount of money. The idea was a success. A few years later the schoolhouse was far too small to hold so many young people who wanted to stay there. So, a dormitory was set up in an old caste nearby. This was the first Youth Hostel. Today young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostels and get to know each other. Some spend a week or more in the same hostel, seeing the surrounding sights and meeting the people of the area. Other youths go on foot or by bicycle from place to place, spending a night or two in one hostel, then going to the next. Sometimes an infomal program will be organized after the meal, with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period. One can _____ about other places, just by meeting people who come from these places. For this reason, a few weeks spent "hostelling" can be just as useful a part of one"s education as classes in school. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1. Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph l into Chinese. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us? (Please answer within 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one? Some youths stay in a hostel for several days, during which period they go sightseeing and visit the local people. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Fill in the blank in the 4th pamgraph with proper words to complete the sentence. (P1ease answer within 7 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. List 3 of the advantages of hostelling according to the text. (Please answer within 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 完形填空。 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Drama (戏剧) and the performing arts are excellent methods of building confidence in children and adults alike. Learning through drama allows children to 1 their creativity and have fun while leaving their 2 and worries behind. Drama also wrorks by supporting the growth of imagination and other skills. Entertainment has become rather passive with 3 , television and video games becoming more popular. These screen-based methods have had a 4 effect on communication. They prevent children communicating with others. 5 , drama puts the children emhusiastic about communication back into entertainment. Children have the opportunity to 6 with others in a more rneaningful way 7 drama encourages speech development, awareness of body language and allows children to become more 8 aware. Play and drama are closely linked. When children play a game, they are using their 9 and so are moving away from reality to 10 their own story. Drama is a vehicle 11 which children can express themselves rnore freely to make education fun. Children gain 12 by understanding that there is no final answer in drarna and that their opinion and contribution are valued. They are able to 13 to rmny issues and situations such as poverty, recycling and global warming.Drarm and 14 have a stmng link as drama can 15 children to take an active interest in other subjects such as geography, history and English and so they can 16 a more rounded education. As a drama teacher, I have witnessed a child at his first class holding on to his parent"s arm 17 to let go. Then to see the same child running into my class with a smile is an 18 sight. Drama installs confidence in children by allowing them to improvise (即兴创作) and experiment. Everyone is given the opportunlty to shine 19 drama. Besides learning the history of the theatre, drama 20 dance, music, and directing, etc. These classes are especially designed to be of great fun. | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
