题目
题型:不详难度:来源:
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal(信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that. ” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn’t safe. ” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building, but only after an earthquake, of course.
小题1: In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man’s best friends because they can ______.
A.take the place of man’s rescue jobs |
B.find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings |
C.serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings |
D.get into small spaces |
A.the noise made by the rat |
B.the rat’s unusual behavior |
C.the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back |
D.the smell given off by the person |
A.rats smell better than dogs |
B.dogs don’t need to be trained to smell people |
C.robots’ sense of smell can be affected by other smells around |
D.rats can see in the dark and they are smaller than robots |
A.they are more fantastic than other animals |
B.they are less expensive to train than dogs |
C.they don’t need electricity |
D.they are small and can get into small places |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:A
解析
试题分析:
小题1:B 推理题。根据文章第2段. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.和第三段说明人们可以利用老鼠来找到那些被围困在地下的人,并把他们救出来。故B正确。
小题2:C 细节题。根据第三段1,2,行When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal(信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back and then the rescuers follow the radio signals.说明研究人员可以根据这些信号来辨别这个人是否是活着的。故C正确。
小题3:C 细节题。根据第四段第二行“Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around.说明机器人的嗅觉是人员被干扰,故C正确。
小题4:A 细节题。根据文章第二段第二行But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces.说明老鼠可以到更小的地方,故D是老鼠的优势;根据第四段第三行They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs,说明B是优势。根据第四段最后一行they don’t need electricity!说明C也是老鼠的优势。A没有提及。故A不是老鼠的优势。
点评:文章介绍了用老鼠来寻找在地震中北困在地下的人的优势。本文集中考查细节题,要求考生在阅读的时候在关键的点上做好标志,以减少回读的次数,大大提高阅读的效率和速度。
核心考点
试题【Everybody hates rats(老鼠). But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan, Los】;主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
With the arrival of the tornado season, the National Weather Service is again telling people how to protect themselves from these deadly storms. The winds from tornadoes are the most violent winds on earth. They can blow up to 400 miles per hour. A tornado looks like a funnel(漏斗). It is also very loud. It may sound like a train coming at you. In fact, the winds from a tornado can pick up a train and throw it around. If a tornado is seen in your area, it is very important that you protect yourself. A basement (地下室) is the safest place to go. Try to wait under a table in the basement. Stay away from windows. If you are outside or in your car, try to find a narrow place to hide.
As the area tries to deal with the worst flood of the century, there are many heartwarming stories of people helping other people. From all over the world people have sent food and clothes to help the thousands who have had to leave their homes. Many volunteers have come to help to make sandbags and use them to build walls against the overflowing river. While the result of this disaster will be terrible for many, it is beautiful to see people coming together to help others and save lives.
小题1:What does the underlined word “tornado” mean?
A.台风 | B.龙卷风 | C.洪水 | D.冰雹 |
A.They look like a funnel. |
B.They come regularly every year. |
C.They are the most violent winds on Earth. |
D.They carry winds of 135 km per hour. |
A.drive his car away as fast as possible |
B.go to the basement and wait under a table |
C.find a narrow place to hide |
D.stay away from windows |
A.nobody tried to help the local people |
B.hurricane damaged the northwestern coast of US |
C.when there is flooding, sandbags can be made and used to build walls |
D.people are often taught how to protect themselves from snowstorms |
Glen, a teacher, realized this was a 13 moment about the importance of making people feel
14 . He asked his class to imagine they were about to 15 and to write a note “telling someone how and why you 16 him or her.”
Sandy, who had a 17 relationship with her mother, decided to write her mother. Her letter 18 “We’ve had some 19 times and I haven’t always been a very good 20 ,but I know I’m lucky to have you in my life. You’re the 21 person I’ve ever known, And even when I disagree with you, I never 22 you love me and want what’s best for me. Thanks for not 23 up on me”.
When her mom read the note, she cried and hugged Sandy 24 but said little.
The next morning, Sandy found a 25 on her mirror: “Dearest Sandy, I want you to know being your mother is ,by far, the most important thing in my life. 26 I got your note, I thought I had lost your love and 27 . I felt like such a failure. I intended to 28 it all last night. Your note saved my 29 .”
Be careful not to underestimate the 30 of expressed appreciation. It won’t always save a life, but it will always make someone’s life better.
小题1: |
|
小题2: |
|
小题3: |
|
小题4: |
|
小题5: |
|
A.miss | B. hate | C. admire | D. appreciate |
小题7: |
|
小题8: |
|
小题9: |
|
小题10: |
|
小题11: |
|
A. trust | B. doubt | C. consider | D. predict |
小题13: |
|
小题14: |
|
小题15: |
|
小题16: |
|
小题17: |
|
小题18: |
|
小题19: |
|
小题20: |
|
Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.
In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.
“Our brain has billions of nerve cells.These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move.But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says.“Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”
The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮)and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path.They help the computer react to commands from the brain.
Prof.Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands.“The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair.”
He says his team has set two goals.One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.
小题1:BCI is a technology that can .
A.help to update computer systems | B.link the human brain with computers |
C.help the disabled to recover | D.control a person"s thoughts |
A.By controlling his muscles. | B.By talking to the machine. |
C.By moving his hand. | D.By using his mind. |
A.make profits from them | B.prove the technology useful to them |
C.make them live longer | D.learn about their physical condition |
A.Switzerland, the BCI Research Center |
B.New Findings About How the Human Brain Works |
C.BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled |
D.Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries |
In the first stage of our lives,we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality(活力).
After we grow up,however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.
A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality,yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.
Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body.The lungs become less able to take in oxygen.Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength.The heart loses power and pumps less blood.Bones grow easier to break.
Finally, we meet a stress,a stress that is greater than our physical resistance.Often,it is only a minor accident or chance infection(a disease caused by virus),but this time,it brings life to an end.
In 1932,a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats,simply by cutting back the calories in their diet The reason for the effect was then unknown.
Today, at the University of California at Berkley, Dr.Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats.The result was achieved through a special protein limited diet,which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain.Seagle showed that within the brain,specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging.By changing that chemical balance,the clock of aging can be reset.
For the first time, the mystery of why we age is being seriously challenged.Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.
An average lifetime lasts 75 years,yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life.If we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years.
小题1:What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A.Physical vitality. | B.Stress. | C.Aging. | D.Physical resistance. |
A.People gradually lose their muscle strength. |
B.Bones tend to break more easily. |
C.The heart loses power and pumps less blood. |
D.The lungs become unable to take in oxygen. |
A.human"s life pattern is predictable |
B.physical fitness can"t stop the force of aging |
C.human"s lifetime will last longer than 75 years |
D.all of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body |
A.By keeping their physical fitness. | B.By cutting the calories in their diet. |
C.By resetting their clock of aging. | D.By limiting the protein in their diet. |
A.Two Great Experiments |
B.The Mystery of Human Life |
C.The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging |
D.Ways to lengthen Human Life |
Three experts have described how a teenage girl was struck by lightning while using her phone in a large London park.The girl,aged 15,recovered,but a year later was still wheelchair-bound and found to be suffering complex physical and emotional problems.
The girl also had a perforate eardrum(打孔耳膜)on the side where she had been holding the mobile phone.She was having general recovery in Northwick Park Hospital,Middlesex.
Swinda Esprit,a senior house officer, said that while the brain and muscle damage was similar to that of many lightning victims—who can experience heart attacks on being struck—the ear problems were not.
She said that the damages were particularly relevant for people who might be involved in less serious lightning incidents,who might otherwise recover, but would never get their full hearing back if struck while on the phone.
“We were shocked by the damage,which is why we wanted to draw attention to it,”Dr Esprit said.“A year on and she still was suffering these difficult hearing.”
They added that three other cases had been reported in newspapers in China,South Korea,and Malaysia.In the Malaysian case,a sales executive was killed by lightning while talking on his phone during a thunderstorm near Kuala Lumpur.
“All these events resulted in death,”the doctors wrote.“This rare phenomenon is a public health issue,and education is necessary to stress the risk.”
The Australian Lightning Protection Standard recommends that metallic objects,including cordless or mobile phones,should not be carried outdoors during thunderstorms.However, “the United States National Weather Service says on its website that both are safe to use “because there is no direct path between you and the lightening”.
Paul Taylor, of “the Met Office"’,said the ear injuries were a consequence of mobile phones being metal,and not related to radio waves.
Mr. Taylor said that mobile phones should be treated as another piece of metal,similar to carrying coins or wearing rings,and people need to be warned against the possible danger.
小题1:What do we know about the teenage girl?
A.She was struck by lightning at schoo1. |
B.She completely recovered from being struck. |
C.She still suffered from mental problems. |
D.She had to press her ear all day. |
A.is more serious than that when one is not using a mobile phone |
B.can be healed quickly except for heart attacks |
C.is less serious because the victims can usually recover |
D.is mainly in the brain and muscle of the victims |
A.Because more people are faced with it. |
B.Because some deaths have been caused. |
C.Because lightning is harmful for the brain. |
D.Because a teenage girl got killed. |
A.both cordless and mobile phones are safe to use outside in lightning |
B.there is no direct connection between lightning and ear injuries at all |
C.opinions differ as to whether it is safe to use mobiles phones in lightning |
D.ear injuries are the result of carrying coins or wearing rings in lightning |
A.to draw attention to the risk of using mobile phones in lightening |
B.to focus on various damages done to lightning victims |
C.to tell us the news that a teenage girl was struck by lightning |
D.to stress the danger of making phone calls in lightning |
最新试题
- 118世纪前,“天下兴亡,匹夫有责”,曾是中国知识分子的传统。然而,此后的百余年间,知识界却出现了逃避现实、万马齐喑的局面
- 2一辆质量为2.0t的小轿车驶过半径为90m的一段圆弧形桥面,重力加速度g取10m/s2.求:(1)若过凹形桥,汽车以20
- 3选出解释有误的一项是[ ]A.吞噬:吞食。 B.雀跃:像小鸟那样跳来跳去,形容高兴的样子。 C.沧海桑田:无际的
- 4贝多芬历经法国大革命前后欧洲社会剧变,给后人留下震撼人心的音乐史诗。对其《第三(英雄)交响曲》解读有误的是( )A.
- 5某化学兴趣小组实验测出,人在呼吸中各种气体的体积分数如下表所示:(1)请你判断:X是__________________
- 6对于圆的周长公式C=2πR,下列说法正确的是( )A.π、R是变量,2是常量B.R是变量,π是常量C.C是变量,π、R
- 7下列变化属于吸热反应的是 ( )①液态水汽化②将胆矾加热变为白色粉末③浓硫酸稀释④氯酸钾分解制氧气 ⑤生石灰跟水反应
- 8如图,“鱼”向右平移5个单位,再向右平移10个单位,画出平移后的图形。
- 9观察下面环境库茨涅茨曲线图,描述曲线所解释的内涵。要求:语言简明、连贯,字数不超过60字。(3分)
- 10已知函数y=,当时,y的取值范围是A.B.C.或D.或
热门考点
- 1亲子之间的相似性称为遗传,也就是说遗传现象发生在亲代和子代之间,而子代的个体之间不存在遗传现象。[ ]
- 2A、B、C、D是初中化学中的常见物质,它们之间有如图所示的转化关系,请根据有关信息回答下列问题:(1)若若A为常见金属,
- 3已知:如图1,把矩形纸片ABCD折叠,使得顶点A与边DC上的动点P重合(P不与点D,C重合), MN为折痕,点M,N分别
- 4将一重为50N的物体放入一盛满水的杯中,从杯中溢出20N的水,则[ ]A.物块受到的浮力为20N B.物块在水中
- 5(6分)计算题用8g有杂质的粗锌和足量的稀盐酸反应生成标况下2.24L氢气,求粗锌中的锌的质量分数(锌粒中杂质与稀盐酸不
- 6下列有关美国的叙述,不正确的是( )A.是世界上出口农产品最多的国家B.西部的“硅谷”是全球闻名的传统工业区C.气候深
- 7下列词语中加点的字,注音全都正确的一组是( )A.框架(kuāng) 采撷(xié)一刹那(chà)万马齐喑(yīn)B
- 8阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Recently I ga
- 9在有机物中,在同一平面上碳原子最多有几个,在同一直线上的碳原子最多有几个( )A.11、4B.10、3C.12、3D.
- 10已知A、B为两种黑色粉末,D为红色单质.A、B、C、D、E五种物质之间的转化关系如下图所示.请回答:(1)C的化学式为_