题目
题型：不详难度：来源：
Jiu-jitsu, as judo is sometimes called, means "muscle science" in Japanese. The student of judo needs to learn a lot about the body, its bones and muscles. Judo uses a number of "falls", "holds" and "throws". Someone who does not know judo cannot defend himself against them. If you know judo you can defend yourself against a person who is stronger than you. You had better not practice judo on your friends unless they can fall without hurting themselves! Being strong is one thing, but using the body wisely is another. In judo, you use the other person"s body to help you. You "throw" him to the ground and "hold" him there, so that he cannot move. Of course, it takes time and practice, but knowing judo is useful. In a violent world you ought to be able to defend yourself.
小题1:According to passage, in fact "judo" is ______.
| A．the same as "Jiu-jitsu" | B．a kind of fighting |
| C． a kind of muscle science | D．is helpful to a strong man |
| A． The number of violence and crime is increasing every year. |
| B．Because many people carry guns. |
| C．Because there too many films. |
| D．Because people are not able to defend themselves. |
| A．The woman held the man over her head. |
| B．The woman was heavier than the man. |
| C．The woman was able to defend herself. |
| D．The woman attacked the man from behind. |
| A．will be good at muscle science. |
| B．will be able to avoid being attacked from his back. |
| C．may defeat any strong person. |
| D．can help himself by using the other person"s body |
| A．How to defend oneself | B．Violence in films |
| C．How to practise judo | D．Something about judo |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:D
小题5:D
解析
试题分析：本文介绍的是与柔道有关的信息，介绍了柔道在保护自己方面的巨大作用。
小题1:B 推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句和第二段第一句She threw the man, who was heavier and stronger than she was, over her head. Then she held him tightly on the ground. How? She knew Judo.和Jiu-jitsu, as judo is sometimes called, means "muscle science" in Japanese可知柔道实际上是一种搏斗的技巧。故B正确。
小题2:A 细节题。根据文章第一句We live in a dangerous world. The figures for crime go up year by year.可知犯罪率逐年上升，所以才说现在的社会很危险。故A正确。
小题3:C 推理题。根据第一段最后4行For example, in one film a woman was attacked from behind. She threw the man, who was heavier and stronger than she was, over her head. Then she held him tightly on the ground. How? She knew Judo.可知这个女性能够制服罪犯，说明她能够保护好自己。故C正确。
小题4:D 推理题。根据第二段5,6,7，8行You had better not practice judo on your friends unless they can fall without hurting themselves! Being strong is one thing, but using the body wisely is another. In judo, you use the other person"s body to help you. You "throw" him to the ground and "hold" him there, so that he cannot move可知在柔道里，教练教会我们学会使用自己的身体。故D正确。
小题5:D 主旨大意题。本文介绍的是与柔道有关的信息，介绍了柔道在保护自己方面的巨大作用。故D正确。
点评：本文介绍的是与柔道有关的信息，介绍了柔道在保护自己方面的巨大作用。本文主旨鲜明,很容易在文中找到答案。做题时要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因为它们往往就是文章的主题句。阅读中要注意要点之间的关系。然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读任务。
核心考点
试题【We live in a dangerous world. The figures for crime go up year by year. If you w】；主要考察你对题材分类等知识点的理解。[详细]
举一反三
Fascinating as their skills of flight are, migrating behavior has been difficult to study in insects because many long distant trips happen thousands of feet above ground. Only recently have scientists developed technologies that can detect such little creatures at such great heights.
To their surprise, though, the insects weren"t passive travelers on the winds. In autumn, for example, most light winds blew from the east, but the insects somehow sought out ones that carried them south and they positioned themselves to navigate directly to their wintering homes.
Even in the spring, when most winds flowed northward, the insects didn"t always go with the flow. If breezes weren"t blowing in the exact direction they wanted to go, the insects changed their body positions to compensate(补偿, 弥补). Many migrating birds do the same thing.
The study also found that butterflies and moths actively flew within the air streams that pushed them along. By adding flight speeds to wind speeds, the scientists calculated that butterflies and moths can travel as fast as 100 kilometers an hour. The findings may have real-world applications. With climate warming, migrating insects are growing in number. Knowing how and when these pests move could help farmers decide when to spray their crops.
小题1:What"s the main idea of the text?
| A．Insects migrate with the seasons. |
| B．The wind helps insects greatly in migrating. |
| C．Windsurfing insects have real direction. |
| D．Scientists have trouble in observing insects. |
| A．insects always waited for their favorable winds |
| B．insects chose the winds they wanted to ride |
| C．insects were just blown about by the wind |
| D．insects positioned themselves in the winds |
| A．the little creatures can fly very fast |
| B．their flight is long and high above ground |
| C．the wind"s direction is hard to forecast |
| D．they have no regular migrating courses |
| A．increase insects in number |
| B．instruct farmers when to spray their crops |
| C．prevent climate warming |
| D．help protect insects |
The latest statistics shows more than two thirds of high school students admitted cheating on an exam last year, and—even more surprising—often the best students cheat to get to the top of their class—and they don’t think it is wrong. It’s not a big deal. Everybody is doing it.
It is a big deal! Cheating is basically wrong and must be punished.
If students easily get away with it, they might be encouraged to do it again. They won’t realize that this—in the broadest sense—is an attack on our society, which is based on values like honesty and fairness. The present spreading of cheating indicates a loss of those values and cannot be tolerated. An appropriate punishment for cheating incidents would make students aware of their misbehavior.
If no one were punished for cheating, who would ever study for an exam? Tons of papers would be lifted from websites, writing crib sheets would be more important than reviewing the subjects, and highly sophisticated cheating arts would be invented. Knowledge would only exist on the Internet and on cleverly created cheat sheets, but not in the minds of the students—a rather bad precondition to enrich our society wisely and intelligently.
Students have to learn that they have to learn. Only doing what’s right will bring them a feeling of pride and accomplishment and create self-confidence—the building blocks for a successful and satisfying life and a society that keeps its values.
小题1:What is more surprising is that .
| A．cheating is very common in schools |
| B．over 2/3 of the students cheat last year |
| C．even the best students cheat on exams |
| D．teachers are not aware of the problems |
| A．By letting them getting away with it. |
| B．By telling them what is right. |
| C．By catching them on the spot. |
| D．By giving them some punishment. |
| A．By knowing they have to learn. |
| B．By doing what is right. |
| C．By learning the right things. |
| D．By being punished when cheating. |
| A．taken | B．removed | C．copied | D．written |
While many nations turn to cheap and dirty energy sources, such as coal, to meet their increasing energy needs, analysts in Australia say the best way to meet those needs is to improve energy efficiency.
A range of simple solutions include using energy-efficient homes, household appliances and lighting, and driving electric cars. Encouraging homeowners and office workers to switch off their televisions and computers at the end of the day is also seen as an effective way to save electricity.
Grayson Heffner, from the Paris-based International Energy Agency, says reducing consumption could greatly cut global carbon emissions. He calls efficiency strategies (策略) the “soft giant” of clean energy.
“We forecast that energy efficiency will deliver something like three-quarters of the greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next 20 years. So in the short term energy efficiency is the main way that we reduce greenhouse gas emissions but oftentimes it is not so importantly stressed in the discussions,” said Heffner.
Energy experts working in China say the government is making significant cuts in power usage.
Wan Xingwang, a Beijing-based representative of the Energy Foundation, a U.S. non-government organization, says the results have been impressive.
“In the past five years China achieved about 19.1 percent of energy reduction of its GDP. That translates to something like more than 600 million tons of coal savings,” said Wan Xingwang.
While most nations have some sort of government-sponsored energy efficiency programs, energy analysts say initiatives (主动性) by individuals and companies can also help cut demand.
Steven Nadel, executive director of the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, a non-profit group based in Washington, says other developing nations are recognizing the benefits of cutting power consumption and taking action.
小题1:To increase their energy supplies, many nations _____________________.
| A．turn to new energy | B．turn to cheap energy |
| C．develop solar energy | D．introduce clean energy |
| A．Using electronic products in small size. |
| B．Using more electric cars. |
| C．Turning off computers after work. |
| D．Building energy-efficient houses. |
| A．75% of the greenhouse gas emissions can easily be cut in the next 20 years. |
| B．Ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions should be discussed. |
| C．Using clean energy is the strategy to cut global carbon emissions. |
| D．The key to reducing greenhouse gases in the short term is to improve energy efficiency. |
| A．The programs reducing energy consumption shouldn’t be sponsored by individuals and companies. |
| B．All nations have government-sponsored energy efficiency programs. |
| C．It is time that all nations should combine their efforts to save energy. |
| D．Some developing nations are taking action to cut power consumption. |
My oldest son, 9-year-old Salem, asked me several times where we would go to buy a backpack, while my other son, 6-year-old Abdullah, asked what school would be like this year.
For the last three years, school was a nightmare for many children and their parents as violence increased and there were more attacks on schools and teachers. As a result, many parents prevented their children from going to school. One of six children in this country did not attend primary school in 2009. Many kids who did attend school were accompanied by a parent for the entire day to make sure nothing happened to their children.
For poor families or those with large families, back to school can be an expensive time. The government gives some help to those living in poor neighborhoods, and school bags, note books and other items(商品) are given for free.
Most of the merchants who sell notebooks and pens now sell their products out on the street instead of in stores. They sit on the ground and lay their items on the ground or they have a small table to sell their goods.
The bags cost between $10 and $20, while clothes and shoes cost between $20 and $30. I found all the things I needed for my sons and even bought something for myself. I spent about $50 on each of them, including school uniforms.
At the end of the day, we returned to our home carrying many shopping bags filled with items that made my children happy and excited to go back to school. I just hope this school year will be a peaceful one.
小题1:The author’s children are ________ to go to school.
| A．eager | B．afraid | C．unwilling | D．surprised |
| A．fantasy | B．dream world | C．prison | D．terrible situation |
| A．the terrible education system | B．security problems and poverty |
| C．parents’ distrust in schools | D．the government’s inability |
| A．is unable to afford his kids’ schooling | B．is unwilling to send his kids to school |
| C．hopes his kids have a happy school life | D．complains school education costs too much |
| A．Many parents prevented their children from going to school for great study pressure. |
| B．School bags, note books and other items(商品) are given to those living in poor neighborhoods for free. |
| C．The author spent about $100 for her two sons. |
| D．The items the author bought made her children happy and excited to go back to school. |
A long time ago, before human beings lived on the earth, little coral polyps（水螅）settled around tropical （热带的）coastlines and constructed corals. Over a long period they created lots of reefs. Yet, pollution, climate change and commercial fisheries are limiting the chance of future generations knowing or seeing many of the reefs and sea creatures that exist. Hence, take action to dive now and you can explore the underwater world.
Commercial underwater diving began in ancient Greece. Diving in general means that the whole body is completely in water. On that account there are lots of exciting and quite adventurous ways to dive, like shark cage diving, scuba diving（戴水肺潜水）and reef diving.
There are great coral reefs all over the world, but usually they are situated in warm, clear water such as the Pacific and the Indian Ocean, where they grow best. This is why there are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa. However, South Africa’s east coast offers much brightly coloured sea life.
In South Africa more than 100,000 dives a year are made just in coral reefs, which are one of the natural wonders of the world. To see the whole beauty of the reef the right diving gear（设备） is an essential requirement. This means a perfect fitting diving mask and fins, as well as a snorkel（呼吸管）and a friend. Diving alone is dangerous because there may be strong currents you are not aware of, and it’s a lot more fun to share the experience with someone. However, before you can explore the deeper sea, a certificated and checked scuba, a wetsuit and of course a license will be needed. Whether you choose the snorkel or the scuba to spot the colourful underwater world, try to touch as little as possible, be careful with the corals and don’t strike the fishes, because the complex ecosystem is very sensitive.
小题1:The following factors probably affect coral reefs EXCEPT ________.
| A．sea creatures | B．pollution | C．fishing | D．climate change |
| A．Human beings appeared before corals were created. |
| B．One needs a license to dive into the deeper sea. |
| C．Diving alone has many advantages. |
| D．The origin of diving is in modern Greece. |
| A．large waters and soft sand |
| B．warm currents and delicious food |
| C．friendly creatures and flat seabed |
| D．clear water and suitable temperature |
| A．diving alone under the sea is rather dangerous |
| B．some matters we need pay attention to when diving |
| C．South Africa is a popular place for diving |
| D．what we should wear when diving |
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